Rate constants for oxidative decarboxyation of AIB using α-ketoacids with linear side chains of one to four carbons in length for WT (closed circles) and W138F (open circles). Experimental conditions: 100 mM TEA succinate pH 7.8, 100 mM dipotassium succinate, 200 mM AIB, 20 µM PLP, 1 unit/mL 2° ADH, 300 µM NADPH.