Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of the 405 Subjects Enrolled in INCPAD Trial*
| Baseline Characteristic | Intervention Group (N=202) | Usual Care Group (N=203) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SD) age, yr | 58.7 (11.0) | 59.0 (10.6) | .81 |
| Female sex, n (%) | 128 (63) | 147 (72) | .051 |
| Race, n (%) | .32 | ||
| White | 159 (79) | 163 (80) | |
| Black | 40 (20) | 33 (16) | |
| Other | 3 (2) | 7 (3) | |
| Education, n (%) | .36 | ||
| Less than High school | 45 (22) | 42 (21) | |
| High school | 83 (41) | 77 (38) | |
| Some college or trade school | 55 (27) | 53 (26) | |
| College graduate | 19 (9) | 31 (15) | |
| Married, n (%) | 109 (54) | 90 (44) | .053 |
| Employment status, n (%) | .57 | ||
| Employed | 36 (18) | 45 (22) | |
| Unable to work due to poor health or disability | 90 (45) | 86 (42) | |
| Retired | 62 (31) | 55 (27) | |
| Other | 13 (6) | 17 (8) | |
| Patient-perceived level of income, n (%) | .67 | ||
| Comfortable | 46 (23) | 54 (27) | |
| Just enough to make ends meet | 99 (49) | 95 (47) | |
| Not enough to make ends meet | 57 (28) | 54 (27) | |
| Mean (SD) no. of medical diseases | 2.0 (1.6) | 2.2 (1.6) | .23 |
| Symptom group, n (%) | 1.00 | ||
| Depression only | 65 (32) | 66 (33) | |
| Pain only | 48 (24) | 48 (24) | |
| Depression and pain | 89 (44) | 89 (44) | |
| Phase of cancer, n (%) | .082 | ||
| Newly-diagnosed | 74 (36.6) | 76 (37.4) | |
| Maintenance or disease-free | 78 (38.6) | 94 (46.3) | |
| Recurrent or progressive | 50 (24.8) | 33 (16.3) | |
| Type of cancer, n (%) | .21 | ||
| Breast | 55 (27) | 63 (31) | |
| Lung | 42 (21) | 39 (19) | |
| Gastrointestinal | 40 (20) | 30 (15) | |
| Lymphoma and hematological | 22 (11) | 31 (15) | |
| Genitourinary | 17 (8) | 24 (12) | |
| Other | 26 (13) | 16 (8) | |
| Mean (SD) scores | |||
| BPI pain severity (score range, 0–10) | 4.30 (2.36) | 4.23 (2.35) | .74 |
| SCL-20 depression (score range, 0–4) | 1.43 (0.71) | 1.46 (0.71) | .62 |
| Sheehan Disability Index (score range, 0 to 10) | 5.44 (2.84) | 5.44 (2.88) | .99 |
| Overall quality of life (score range, 0 to 10) | 5.74 (2.28) | 5.51 (2.27) | .30 |
| Bed days in past 4 weeks | |||
| Median (interquartile range) | 2 (0–10) | 1 (0–10) | |
| Mean (SD) | 5.6 (7.3) | 5.7 (8.1) | .91 |
| Days in which activities reduced by ≥ 50% in past 4 weeks (excluding bed days) | |||
| Median (interquartile range) | 10 (4–16) | 10 (3–18) | |
| Mean (SD) | 11.3 (8.9) | 11.1 (9.1) | .84 |
| Baseline medication use, n (%)b | |||
| Antidepressants (excluding tricyclics) | 71 (36) | 80 (41) | .24 |
| Tricyclic antidepressants | 13 (7) | 22 (11) | .09 |
| Psychotropics (excluding antidepressants) | 52 (26) | 64 (33) | .13 |
| Opioid analgesics | 107 (54) | 107 (55) | .75 |
| Nonopioid analgesics | 87 (44) | 91 (46) | .50 |
| Currently being seen by a mental health professional, n (%) | 18 (9) | 26 (13) | .21 |
| Currently being seen in a pain clinic, n (%) | 12 (6) | 9 (4) | .49 |
b
Baseline medication data was available from the oncology medical records for 396 (97.8%) of the 405 participants, including 200 in the intervention group and 196 in the usual care group