2-Phenyl­biguanidinium hydrogen succinate methanol monosolvate

Irena Matulková; Ivana Císařová; Ivan Němec

doi:10.1107/S160053681004585X

. 2010 Nov 17;66(Pt 12):o3187–o3188. doi: 10.1107/S160053681004585X

2-Phenylbiguanidinium hydrogen succinate methanol monosolvate

Irena Matulková ^a,^b,^*, Ivana Císařová ^c, Ivan Němec ^c

PMCID: PMC3011512 PMID: 21589482

Abstract

In the crystal of the title compound, C₈H₁₂N₅ ⁺·C₄H₅O₄ ⁻·CH₃OH, the hydrogen succinate anions form infinite [010] chains via short, almost symmetrical, O⋯H⋯O hydrogen bonds. The 2-phenylbiguanidium cations interconnect these chains into layers lying parallel to the bc plane by way of N—H⋯O links. These planes only weakly interact in the direction of the a axis via C—H⋯π contacts between offset phenyl rings, leaving as much as 17% of the unit-cell volume accessible for the solvent. However, the methanol solvent molecules could not be resolved due to extensive disorder and their assumed presence was removed from the overall scattering by the PLATON SQUEEZE procedure.

Related literature

Biguanides forms stable complexes, see: Marchi et al. (1999 ▶); Ray (1961 ▶); Anderson et al. (1995 ▶) and also have applications in medicine, see: Sirtori & Pasik (1994 ▶); Clement & Girreser (1999 ▶); Thompson et al. (1999 ▶); Ross et al. (2004 ▶); Woo et al. (1999 ▶); Watkins et al. (1987 ▶); Morain et al. (1994 ▶); Shapiro et al. (1959a ▶,b ▶). Ionic crystal structures containing biguanide cations are formed by relatively strong hydrogen bonds, see: Martin et al. (1996 ▶); Martin & Pinkerton (1996 ▶); Pinkerton et al. (1978 ▶); Matulková et al. (2008 ▶, 2010 ▶). For the SQUEEZE method used to solve the structure, see: van der Sluis & Spek (1990 ▶).

Experimental

Crystal data

C₈H₁₂N₅ ⁺·C₄H₅O₄ ⁻·CH₄O
M _r = 327.35
Monoclinic,
a = 10.3280 (3) Å
b = 6.4590 (1) Å
c = 24.6770 (6) Å
β = 94.0480 (13)°
V = 1642.06 (7) Å³
Z = 4
Mo Kα radiation
μ = 0.10 mm⁻¹
T = 293 K
0.45 × 0.4 × 0.18 mm

Data collection

Nonius KappaCCD diffractometer
18123 measured reflections
3568 independent reflections
2613 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
R _int = 0.030

Refinement

R[F ² > 2σ(F ²)] = 0.056
wR(F ²) = 0.174
S = 1.07
3568 reflections
191 parameters
H-atom parameters constrained
Δρ_max = 0.25 e Å⁻³
Δρ_min = −0.23 e Å⁻³

Data collection: COLLECT (Hooft, 1998 ▶) and DENZO (Otwinowski & Minor, 1997 ▶); cell refinement: COLLECT and DENZO; data reduction: COLLECT and DENZO; program(s) used to solve structure: SIR92 (Altomare et al., 1994 ▶); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008) ▶; molecular graphics: PLATON (Spek, 2009) ▶; software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXL97 ▶.

Supplementary Material

Crystal structure: contains datablocks global, I. DOI: 10.1107/S160053681004585X/hb5725sup1.cif

e-66-o3187-sup1.cif^{(17.4KB, cif)}

Structure factors: contains datablocks I. DOI: 10.1107/S160053681004585X/hb5725Isup2.hkl

e-66-o3187-Isup2.hkl^{(175KB, hkl)}

Additional supplementary materials: crystallographic information; 3D view; checkCIF report

Table 1. Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, °).

Cg1 is the centroidof the C3–C8 ring.

D—H⋯A	D—H	H⋯A	D⋯A	D—H⋯A
N1—H1⋯O3ⁱ	0.93	2.18	3.021 (2)	149
N1—H1⋯O4ⁱ	0.93	2.64	3.5217 (17)	158
N2—H2A⋯O3ⁱ	0.87	2.09	2.8855 (17)	152
N2—H2B⋯O4ⁱⁱ	0.92	2.14	3.0248 (19)	162
N4—H4A⋯O1ⁱⁱⁱ	0.93	2.13	3.0273 (18)	161
N4—H4B⋯O2^iv	0.96	1.90	2.8605 (16)	180
N5—H5B⋯O1^iv	0.90	2.15	3.0440 (17)	170
O2—H2⋯O4ⁱⁱ	1.20	1.25	2.4500 (16)	173
C6—H6⋯Cg1^v	0.93	3.10	3.676 (2)	122

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Symmetry codes: (i) Inline graphic ; (ii) ; (iii) ; (iv) ; .

Acknowledgments

This work was supported financially by the Czech Science Foundation (grant No. 203/09/0878) and is part of the Long-term Research Plan of the Ministry of Education of the Czech Republic (No. MSM 0021620857).

supplementary crystallographic information

Comment

Biguanides are strong σ- and π-donating ligands, which form stable complexes (Marchi et al., 1999; Ray, 1961) with transition metal ions in high or unusual oxidation states. Biguanide complexes of boron have also been investigated as potential compounds for wood conservation (Anderson et al., 1995).

Another application of biguanides lies in the field of medicine (Sirtori & Pasik, 1994; Clement & Girreser, 1999). N-dimethylbiguanide and N-phenylethylbiguanide are used for the treatment of diabetes mellitus (Thompson et al., 1999; Ross et al., 2004; Woo et al., 1999), therapeutic treatment of pain, anxiety, memory disorders (Morain et al., 1994). Biguanide and its derivatives are also produced as antimalarial drugs (Watkins et al., 1987) and drugs with hypoglycaemic activity (Marchi et al., 1999; Sirtori & Pasik, 1994; Shapiro et al., 1959a,b).

We have prepared and discussed N-phenylbiguanide compounds within our project of searching for new materials with nonlinear optical properties (Matulková et al., 2010; Matulková et al., 2008), where N-phenylbiguanidinium(1+) cations can act as an polarizable compound with delocalized π-electron. The molecular conformation of title compound, (I), is illustrated in Fig. 1.

The hydrogen-bonding geometries in title compound are listed in list of hydrogen bonds and illustrated in Fig. 2. A number of intra- and intermolecular hydrogen bonds stabilize the molecular conformation. The crystal structure is built up chains (along the axis b) of hydrogen succinate anions with the shared hydrogen atoms with occupancy 0.5 (hydrogen bond O2 - H2···O4 with D···A distances of 2.451 (2) Å). These chains are interconnected by 2-phenylbiguanidium cations to form a three-dimensional network. A residue electron density of disordered molecules of methanol was found on the diferential Fourier map and the crystal structure was solved by a SQUEEZE method (van der Sluis & Spek, 1990). Free cavities of maximum on the Fourier map are indicated by blue spheres and are located in the 30% of crystal structure. The cavities can be filled by spheres of two types with the radii 2.247 Å and 2.076 Å (see Fig. 3). The unit cell contains two spheres of each size.

Experimental

The crystals of the title compound, were obtained from solution of 0.2 g of N-phenylbiguanide (98%, Aldrich) and 0.14 g of succinic acid (p.a., Lachema) in 10 ml of water. The solution was left to crystallize at room temperature for several weeks. The colourless crystals obtained were filtered off, washed with methanol and dried in vacuum desiccator over KOH. The melting point ranges 410–412 K.

The infrared spectra were recorded at room temperature using DRIFTS and the nujol or fluorolube mull techniques on a Nicolet Magna 760 FTIR spectrometer with 2 cm^-1 resolution (4 cm^-1 resolution in FAR IR region) and Happ-Genzel apodization in the 85–4000 cm^-1 region.

FTIR spectrum (cm^-1): 3451 m; 3350 m; 3296 m; 3184 m; 2938 w; 2725 mb; 2660 mb; 2550 mb; 1712 m; 1674 m; 1640 vs; 1605 m; 1583 m; 1538 vs; 1497 s; 1455 m; 1429 m; 1419 m; 1334 w; 1310 w; 1294 w; 1256 m; 1198 m; 1176 m; 1074 w; 1054 wb; 1031 w; 957 mb; 842 w; 818 w; 804 w; 772 w; 747 m; 722 w; 698 m; 638 m; 579 m; 549 mb; 528 sh; 498 vw; 485 vw; 446 w; 414 vw; 367 wb; 261 mb; 221 w; 179 w; 143 w.

The Raman spectra of polycrystalline samples were recorded at room temperature on a Nicolet Magna 760 FTIR spectrometer equipped with the Nicolet Nexus FT Raman module (2 cm^-1 resolution, Happ–Genzel apodization, 1064 nm Nd:YVO4 laser excitation, 450 mW power at the sample) in the 100–3700 cm^-1 region.

FT Raman spectrum (cm^-1): 3452 vw; 3335 vwb; 3200 vw; 3079 sh; 3066 m; 2966 m; 2953 m; 2918 m; 1668 w; 1639 w; 1604 vs; 1591 m; 1563 m; 1546 m; 1499 m; 1450 w; 1437 w; 1428 w; 1418 m; 1408 m; 1379 vw; 1341 vw; 1327 vw; 1295 s; 1255 s; 1178 m; 1156 m; 1095 w; 1079 w; 1054 w; 1030 m; 1002 vs; 952 w; 937 w; 923 m; 909 vw; 844 m; 767 w; 748 w; 722 w; 681 w; 633 w; 615 m; 572 vw; 538 w; 502 w; 488 w; 414 wb; 387 w; 374 w; 340 w; 283 w; 265 m; 220 m; 188 m; 141 vs; 124 m.