Skip to main content
NCBI home page
The Journal of Clinical Investigation logoLink to The Journal of Clinical Investigation
. 1975 Feb;55(2):305–318. doi: 10.1172/JCI107934

Determinants of glomerular filtration in experimental glomerulonephritis in the rat.

D A Maddox, C M Bennett, W M Deen, R J Glassock, D Knutson, T M Daugharty, B M Brenner
PMCID: PMC301749  PMID: 1127101

Abstract

Pressures and flows were measured in surface glomerular capillaries, efferent arterioles, and proximal tubules of 22 Wistar rats in the early autologous phase of nephrotoxic serum nephritis (NSN). Linear deposits of rabbit and rat IgG and C3 component of complement were demonstrated in glomerular capillary walls by immunofluorescence microscopy. Light microscopy revealed diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis, and proteinuria was present. Although whole kidney and single nephron glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in NSN (0.8 plus or minus 0.04 SE2 ml/min and 2 plus or minus 2 nl/min, respectively) remained unchanged from values in 16 weight-matched NORMAL HYDROPENIC control rats (0.8 plus or minus 0.08 and 28 plus or minus 2), important alterations in glomerular dynamics were noted. Mean transcapillary hydraulic pressure difference (deltaP) averaged 41 plus or minus 1 mm Hg in NSN versus 32 plus or minus 1 in controls (P LESS THAN 0.005). Oncotic pressures at the afferent (piA) end of the glomerular capillary were similar in both groups ( 16 mm /g) but increased much less by the efferent end (piE) in NSN (to 29 plus or minus 1 mm Hg) than in controls (33 plus or minus 1, P less than 0.025). Hence, equality between deltaP and piE, denoting filtration pressure equilibrium, obtained in control but not in NSN rats. While glomerular plasma flow rate was slightly higher in NSN (88 plus or minus 8 nl/min) than in controls (76 plus or minus 6, P greater than 0.2), the failure to achieve filtration equilibrium in NSN rats was primarily the consequence of a marked fall in the glomerular capillary ultrafiltration coefficient, Kf, to a mean value of 0.03 nl/(s times mm Hg), considerably lower than that found recently for the normal rat, 0.08 nl/(s times mm Hg). Thus, despite extensive glomerular injury, evidenced morphologically and by the low Kf, GFR remained normal. This maintenance of GFR resulted primarily from increases in deltaP, which tended to increase the net driving force for filtration, and thereby compensate for the reduction in Kf.

Full text

PDF
305

Images in this article

308Image
on p.308
309Image
on p.309
309Image
on p.309
309Image
on p.309
310Image
on p.310
316Image
on p.316

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Allison M. E., Wilson C. B., Gottschalk C. W. Pathophysiology of experimental glomerulonephritis in rats. J Clin Invest. 1974 May;53(5):1402–1423. doi: 10.1172/JCI107689. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Blantz R. C. Effect of mannitol on glomerular ultrafiltration in the hydropenic rat. J Clin Invest. 1974 Nov;54(5):1135–1143. doi: 10.1172/JCI107857. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Blantz R. C., Israelit A. H., Rector F. C., Jr, Seldin D. W., Green J. M. Relation of distal tubular NaCl delivery and glomerular hydrostatic pressure. Kidney Int. 1972 Jul;2(1):22–32. doi: 10.1038/ki.1972.66. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Brenner B. M., Daugharty T. M., Ueki I. F., Troy J. L. Quantitative assessment of proximal tubule function in single nephrons of the rat kidney. Am J Physiol. 1971 Jun;220(6):2058–2067. doi: 10.1152/ajplegacy.1971.220.6.2058. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Brenner B. M., Falchuk K. H., Keimowitz R. I., Berliner R. W. The relationship between peritubular capillary protein concentration and fluid reabsorption by the renal proximal tubule. J Clin Invest. 1969 Aug;48(8):1519–1531. doi: 10.1172/JCI106118. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Brenner B. M., Galla J. H. Influence of postglomerular hematocrit and protein concentration on rat nephron fluid transfer. Am J Physiol. 1971 Jan;220(1):148–161. doi: 10.1152/ajplegacy.1971.220.1.148. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Brenner B. M., Troy J. L., Daugharty T. M., Deen W. M., Robertson C. R. Dynamics of glomerular ultrafiltration in the rat. II. Plasma-flow dependence of GFR. Am J Physiol. 1972 Nov;223(5):1184–1190. doi: 10.1152/ajplegacy.1972.223.5.1184. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Brenner B. M., Troy J. L., Daugharty T. M. Pressures in cortical structures of the rat kidney. Am J Physiol. 1972 Feb;222(2):246–251. doi: 10.1152/ajplegacy.1972.222.2.246. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Brenner B. M., Troy J. L., Daugharty T. M. The dynamics of glomerular ultrafiltration in the rat. J Clin Invest. 1971 Aug;50(8):1776–1780. doi: 10.1172/JCI106667. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Brenner B. M., Ueki I. F., Daugharty T. M. On estimating colloid osmotic pressure in pre- and postglomerular plasma in the rat. Kidney Int. 1972 Jul;2(1):51–53. doi: 10.1038/ki.1972.68. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Daugharty T. M., Ueki I. F., Mercer P. F., Brenner B. M. Dynamics of glomerular ultrafiltration in the rat. V. Response to ischemic injury. J Clin Invest. 1974 Jan;53(1):105–116. doi: 10.1172/JCI107527. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Daugharty T. M., Ueki I. F., Nicholas D. P., Brenner B. M. Comparative renal effects of isoncotic and colloid-free volume expansion in the rat. Am J Physiol. 1972 Jan;222(1):225–235. doi: 10.1152/ajplegacy.1972.222.1.225. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Deen W. M., Robertson C. R., Brenner B. M. A model of glomerular ultrafiltration in the rat. Am J Physiol. 1972 Nov;223(5):1178–1183. doi: 10.1152/ajplegacy.1972.223.5.1178. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Deen W. M., Troy J. L., Robertson C. R., Brenner B. M. Dynamics of glomerular ultrafiltration in the rat. IV. Determination of the ultrafiltration coefficient. J Clin Invest. 1973 Jun;52(6):1500–1508. doi: 10.1172/JCI107324. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. FUHR J., KACZMARCZYK J., KRUTTGEN C. D. Eine einfache colorimetrische Methode zur Inulinbestimmung für Nieren-Clearance-Untersuchungen bei Stoffwechselgesunden und Diabetikern. Klin Wochenschr. 1955 Aug 1;33(29-30):729–730. doi: 10.1007/BF01473295. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Falchuk K. H., Berliner R. W. Hydrostatic pressures in peritubular capillaries and tubules in the rat kidney. Am J Physiol. 1971 May;220(5):1422–1426. doi: 10.1152/ajplegacy.1971.220.5.1422. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. LOWRY O. H., ROSEBROUGH N. J., FARR A. L., RANDALL R. J. Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem. 1951 Nov;193(1):265–275. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Lerner R. A., Dixon F. J. Transfer of ovine experimental allergic glomerulonephritis (EAG) with serum. J Exp Med. 1966 Sep 1;124(3):431–442. doi: 10.1084/jem.124.3.431. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Lubowitz H., Mazumdar D. C., Kawamura J., Crosson J. T., Weisser F., Rolf D., Bricker N. S. Experimental glomerulonephritis in the rat: structural and functional observations. Kidney Int. 1974 May;5(5):356–364. doi: 10.1038/ki.1974.51. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Maddox D. A., Deen W. M., Brenner B. M. Dynamics of glomerular ultrafiltration. VI. Studies in the primate. Kidney Int. 1974 Apr;5(4):271–278. doi: 10.1038/ki.1974.36. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Robertson C. R., Deen W. M., Troy J. L., Brenner B. M. Dynamics of glomerular ultrafiltration in the rat. 3. Hemodynamics and autoregulation. Am J Physiol. 1972 Nov;223(5):1191–1200. doi: 10.1152/ajplegacy.1972.223.5.1191. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Rocha A., Marcondes M., Malnic G. Micropuncture study in rats with experimental glomerulonephritis. Kidney Int. 1973 Jan;3(1):14–23. doi: 10.1038/ki.1973.3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Spiro R. G. Studies on the renal glomerular basement membrane. Preparation and chemical composition. J Biol Chem. 1967 Apr 25;242(8):1915–1922. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Unanue E. R., Dixon F. J. Experimental glomerulonephritis: immunological events and pathogenetic mechanisms. Adv Immunol. 1967;6:1–90. doi: 10.1016/s0065-2776(08)60521-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. WIEDERHIELM C. A., WOODBURY J. W., KIRK S., RUSHMER R. F. PULSATILE PRESSURES IN THE MICROCIRCULATION OF FROG'S MESENTERY. Am J Physiol. 1964 Jul;207:173–176. doi: 10.1152/ajplegacy.1964.207.1.173. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of Clinical Investigation are provided here courtesy of American Society for Clinical Investigation

RESOURCES