Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America logoLink to Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
. 1987 Mar;84(6):1709–1712. doi: 10.1073/pnas.84.6.1709

Role of sialic acid in synaptosomal transport of amino acid transmitters.

M M Zaleska, M Erecińska
PMCID: PMC304506  PMID: 3470752

Abstract

Active, high-affinity, sodium-dependent uptake of gamma-aminobutyric acid and of the acidic amino acid D-aspartate was inhibited by pretreatment of synaptosomes with neuraminidase from Vibrio cholerae. Inhibition was of a noncompetitive type and was related to the amount of sialic acid released. The maximum accumulation ratios of both amino acids (intracellular [amino acid]/extracellular [amino acid]) remained largely unaltered. Treatment with neuraminidase affected neither the synaptosomal energy levels nor the concentration of internal potassium. It is suggested that the gamma-aminobutyric acid and acidic amino acid transporters are glycosylated and that sialic acid is involved in the operation of the carrier proteins directly and not through modification of driving forces responsible for amino acid uptake.

Full text

PDF
1709

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Balcar V. J., Johnston G. A. High affinity uptake of transmitters: studies on the uptake of L-aspartate, GABA, L-glutamate and glycine in cat spinal cord. J Neurochem. 1973 Feb;20(2):529–539. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1973.tb12152.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Balcar V. J., Johnston G. A. The structural specificity of the high affinity uptake of L-glutamate and L-aspartate by rat brain slices. J Neurochem. 1972 Nov;19(11):2657–2666. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1972.tb01325.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Barchi R. L. Protein components of the purified sodium channel from rat skeletal muscle sarcolemma. J Neurochem. 1983 May;40(5):1377–1385. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1983.tb13580.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Bennett J. P., Jr, Mulder A. H., Snyder S. H. Neurochemical correlates of synaptically active amino acids. Life Sci. 1974 Sep 15;15(6):1045–1056. doi: 10.1016/s0024-3205(74)80002-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Blaustein M. P., King A. C. Influence of membrane potential on the sodium-dependent uptake of gamma-aminobutyric acid by presynaptic nerve terminals: experimental observations and theoretical considerations. J Membr Biol. 1976 Dec 28;30(2):153–173. doi: 10.1007/BF01869665. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Booth R. F., Clark J. B. A rapid method for the preparation of relatively pure metabolically competent synaptosomes from rat brain. Biochem J. 1978 Nov 15;176(2):365–370. doi: 10.1042/bj1760365. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Brunngraber E. G., Dekirmenjian H., Brown B. D. The distribution of protein-bound N-acetylneuraminic acid in subcellular fractions of rat brain. Biochem J. 1967 Apr;103(1):73–78. doi: 10.1042/bj1030073. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Curtis D. R., Johnston G. A. Amino acid transmitters in the mammalian central nervous system. Ergeb Physiol. 1974;69(0):97–188. doi: 10.1007/3-540-06498-2_3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Davies L. P., Johnston G. A. Uptake and release of D- and L-aspartate by rat brain slices. J Neurochem. 1976 May;26(5):1007–1014. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1976.tb06485.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. DeFeudis F. V. Amino acids as central neurotransmitters. Annu Rev Pharmacol. 1975;15:105–130. doi: 10.1146/annurev.pa.15.040175.000541. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Dekirmenjian H., Brunngraber E. G. Distribution of protein-bound N-acetylneuraminic acid in subcellular particulate fractions prepared from rat whole brain. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1969 Feb 18;177(1):1–10. doi: 10.1016/0304-4165(69)90057-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Dette G. A., Wesemann W. On the significance of sialic acid in high affinity 5-hydroxytryptamine uptake by synaptosomes. Hoppe Seylers Z Physiol Chem. 1978 Mar;359(3):399–406. doi: 10.1515/bchm.1978.359.1.399. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Dicesane J. L., Rapport M. M. Availability to neuraminidase of gangliosides and sialoglycoproteins in neuronal membranes. J Neurochem. 1973 Jun;20(6):1781–1783. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1973.tb00295.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Edelman G. M. Cell adhesion molecules. Science. 1983 Feb 4;219(4584):450–457. doi: 10.1126/science.6823544. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Erecińska M., Troeger M. B. Amino acid neurotransmitters in the CNS. Characteristics of the acidic amino acid exchange. FEBS Lett. 1986 Apr 7;199(1):95–99. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(86)81231-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Erecińska M., Wantorsky D., Wilson D. F. Aspartate transport in synaptosomes from rat brain. J Biol Chem. 1983 Aug 10;258(15):9069–9077. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Fagg G. E., Lane J. D. The uptake and release of putative amino acid neurotransmitters. Neuroscience. 1979;4(8):1015–1036. doi: 10.1016/0306-4522(79)90185-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Fishman P. H., Brady R. O. Biosynthesis and function of gangliosides. Science. 1976 Nov 26;194(4268):906–915. doi: 10.1126/science.185697. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Hakomori S. Glycosphingolipids in cellular interaction, differentiation, and oncogenesis. Annu Rev Biochem. 1981;50:733–764. doi: 10.1146/annurev.bi.50.070181.003505. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Hayes G. R., Lockwood D. H. The role of cell surface sialic acid in insulin receptor function and insulin action. J Biol Chem. 1986 Feb 25;261(6):2791–2798. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Iversen L. L. Role of transmitter uptake mechanisms in synaptic neurotransmission. Br J Pharmacol. 1971 Apr;41(4):571–591. doi: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1971.tb07066.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Jacobs S., Cuatrecasas P. Insulin receptors. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 1983;23:461–479. doi: 10.1146/annurev.pa.23.040183.002333. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Johnson J. L. The excitant amino acids glutamic and aspartic acid as transmitter candidates in the vertebrate central nervous system. Prog Neurobiol. 1978;10(3):155–202. doi: 10.1016/0301-0082(78)90002-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Kanner B. I. Bioenergetics of neurotransmitter transport. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1983 Dec 30;726(4):293–316. doi: 10.1016/0304-4173(83)90013-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Martin D. L. Kinetics of the sodium-dependent transport of gamma-aminobutyric acid by synaptosomes. J Neurochem. 1973 Aug;21(2):345–356. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1973.tb04255.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Nelson M. T., Blaustein M. P. GABA efflux from synaptosomes: effects of membrane potential, and external GABA and cations. J Membr Biol. 1982;69(3):213–223. doi: 10.1007/BF01870400. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Pastuszko A., Wilson D. F., Erecinska M. Energetics of gamma-aminobutyrate transport in rat brain synaptosomes. J Biol Chem. 1982 Jul 10;257(13):7514–7519. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Peterson N. A., Raghupathy E. Characteristics of amino acid accumulation by synaptosomal particles isolated from rat brain. J Neurochem. 1972 Jun;19(6):1423–1438. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1972.tb05086.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Rahmann H., Rösner H., Breer H. A functional model of sialo-glyco-macromolecules in synaptic transmission and memory formation. J Theor Biol. 1976 Mar;57(1):231–237. doi: 10.1016/s0022-5193(76)80015-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Schwarz R. T., Datema R. The lipid pathway of protein glycosylation and its inhibitors: the biological significance of protein-bound carbohydrates. Adv Carbohydr Chem Biochem. 1982;40:287–379. doi: 10.1016/s0065-2318(08)60111-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Snyder S. H., Young A. B., Bennett J. P., Mulder A. H. Synaptic biochemistry of amino acids. Fed Proc. 1973 Oct;32(10):2039–2047. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Troeger M. B., Rafalowska U., Erecińska M. Effect of oleate on neurotransmitter transport and other plasma membrane functions in rat brain synaptosomes. J Neurochem. 1984 Jun;42(6):1735–1742. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1984.tb12765.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. WARREN L. The thiobarbituric acid assay of sialic acids. J Biol Chem. 1959 Aug;234(8):1971–1975. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Watkins J. C., Evans R. H. Excitatory amino acid transmitters. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 1981;21:165–204. doi: 10.1146/annurev.pa.21.040181.001121. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. Wheeler D. D. Sodium dependence of GABA transport in rat hypothalamic synaptosomes. J Neurosci Res. 1980;5(4):323–337. doi: 10.1002/jnr.490050409. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America are provided here courtesy of National Academy of Sciences

RESOURCES