Table 4.
Intervention | Mean LDL-cholesterol (mmol/l) change | ||||
Population at risk at baseline | Total cohort (n=4469) | ||||
Total N (N already following the intervention)* | Observed | After intervention† | Observed | After intervention† | |
Start lipid-lowering drugs | 858‡ (515) | −1.04 | −3.81 | −0.86 | −1.07 |
≥1 SD increase in the AHEI diet score* | 3457§ (684) | −0.84 | −0.92 | −0.86 | −0.91 |
≥1 SD increase in the no of hours of physical activity* | 2190¶ (383) | −0.85 | −0.96 | −0.86 | −0.90 |
Here intervention stands for use of a lipid-lowering drug among those needing such a treatment according to the European guidelines, improving diet among those with an AHEI score less than 60, or increasing the duration of physical activity among those with less than 2.5 h/week. 1 SD increase in the AHEI score is 0.6 point and 1 SD increase in physical activity is 17 min/week
Decline in LDL-cholesterol estimated for participants who met the criteria for intervention based on effects shown in table 3, model 3.
Participants with cardiovascular disease risk score of 5% or greater or prevalent coronary heart disease or diabetes at baseline, or lipid-lowering medication at baseline or follow-up.
Participants with an AHEI score of less than 60 at baseline.
Participants with physical activity for less than 2.5 h/week at baseline.
AHEI, alternate healthy eating index; LDL, low-density lipoprotein.