Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Nucleic Acids Research logoLink to Nucleic Acids Research
. 1993 Jun 25;21(12):2861–2865. doi: 10.1093/nar/21.12.2861

Bacteriophage Nf DNA region controlling late transcription: structural and functional homology with bacteriophage phi 29.

B Nuez 1, M Salas 1
PMCID: PMC309670  PMID: 8332494

Abstract

The putative region for the control of late transcription of the Bacillus subtilis phage Nf has been identified by DNA sequence homology with the equivalent region of the evolutionary related phage phi 29. A similar arrangement of early and late promoters has been detected in the two phages, suggesting that viral transcription could be regulated in a similar way at late times of the infection. Transcription of late genes requires the presence of a viral early protein, gpF in phage Nf and p4 in phage phi 29, being the latter known to bind to a DNA region located upstream from the phage phi 29 late promoter. We have identified a DNA region located upstream from the putative late promoter of phage Nf that is probably involved in binding protein gpF. Furthermore, we show that the phage phi 29 protein p4 is able to bind to this region and activate transcription from the phage Nf putative late promoter. Sequence alignment has also revealed the existence of significant internal homology between the two early promoters contained in this region of each phage.

Full text

PDF
2861

Images in this article

2864Image
on p.2864
2864Image
on p.2864

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Barthelemy I., Lázaro J. M., Méndez E., Mellado R. P., Salas M. Purification in an active form of the phage phi 29 protein p4 that controls the viral late transcription. Nucleic Acids Res. 1987 Oct 12;15(19):7781–7793. doi: 10.1093/nar/15.19.7781. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Barthelemy I., Salas M. Characterization of a new prokaryotic transcriptional activator and its DNA recognition site. J Mol Biol. 1989 Jul 20;208(2):225–232. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(89)90384-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Barthelemy I., Salas M., Mellado R. P. In vivo transcription of bacteriophage phi 29 DNA: transcription initiation sites. J Virol. 1986 Dec;60(3):874–879. doi: 10.1128/jvi.60.3.874-879.1986. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Drew H. R., Travers A. A. DNA structural variations in the E. coli tyrT promoter. Cell. 1984 Jun;37(2):491–502. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(84)90379-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Inciarte M. R., Lázaro J. M., Salas M., Vińuela E. Physical map of bacteriophage phi29 DNA. Virology. 1976 Oct 15;74(2):314–323. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Levene S. D., Wu H. M., Crothers D. M. Bending and flexibility of kinetoplast DNA. Biochemistry. 1986 Jul 15;25(14):3988–3995. doi: 10.1021/bi00362a003. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Matsumoto K., Hirokawa H. Physical arrangement of suppressor-sensitive mutations of Bacillus phage M2. Mol Gen Genet. 1981;184(2):180–182. doi: 10.1007/BF00272902. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Maxam A. M., Gilbert W. Sequencing end-labeled DNA with base-specific chemical cleavages. Methods Enzymol. 1980;65(1):499–560. doi: 10.1016/s0076-6879(80)65059-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Mellado R. P., Barthelemy I., Salas M. In vivo transcription of bacteriophage phi 29 DNA early and late promoter sequences. J Mol Biol. 1986 Sep 20;191(2):191–197. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(86)90256-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Mellado R. P., Moreno F., Viñuela E., Salas M., Reilly B. E., Anderson D. L. Genetic analysis of bacteriophage phi 29 of Bacillus subtilis: integration and mapping of reference mutants of two collections. J Virol. 1976 Aug;19(2):495–500. doi: 10.1128/jvi.19.2.495-500.1976. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Mizukami Y., Sekiya T., Hirokawa H. Nucleotide sequence of gene F of Bacillus phage Nf. Gene. 1986;42(2):231–235. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(86)90302-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Nuez B., Rojo F., Barthelemy I., Salas M. Identification of the sequences recognized by phage phi 29 transcriptional activator: possible interaction between the activator and the RNA polymerase. Nucleic Acids Res. 1991 May 11;19(9):2337–2342. doi: 10.1093/nar/19.9.2337. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Rojo F., Nuez B., Mencía M., Salas M. The main early and late promoters of Bacillus subtilis phage phi 29 form unstable open complexes with sigma A-RNA polymerase that are stabilized by DNA supercoiling. Nucleic Acids Res. 1993 Feb 25;21(4):935–940. doi: 10.1093/nar/21.4.935. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Rojo F., Salas M. A DNA curvature can substitute phage phi 29 regulatory protein p4 when acting as a transcriptional repressor. EMBO J. 1991 Nov;10(11):3429–3438. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1991.tb04907.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Rojo F., Zaballos A., Salas M. Bend induced by the phage phi 29 transcriptional activator in the viral late promoter is required for activation. J Mol Biol. 1990 Feb 20;211(4):713–725. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(90)90072-t. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Salas M. Protein-priming of DNA replication. Annu Rev Biochem. 1991;60:39–71. doi: 10.1146/annurev.bi.60.070191.000351. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Sogo J. M., Inciarte M. R., Corral J., Viñuela E., Salas M. RNA polymerase binding sites and transcription map of the DNA of Bacillus subtilis phage phi29. J Mol Biol. 1979 Feb 5;127(4):411–436. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(79)90230-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Yoshikawa H., Garvey K. J., Ito J. Nucleotide sequence analysis of DNA replication origins of the small Bacillus bacteriophages: evolutionary relationships. Gene. 1985;37(1-3):125–130. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(85)90264-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Nucleic Acids Research are provided here courtesy of Oxford University Press

RESOURCES