Table 2.
Clinical Comorbidity and Surgical History of PBC Cases and Controls
| Cases (%) (n = 1,032) | Controls (%) (n = 1,041) | Unadjusted P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| History of comorbidities | |||
| Rheumatoid arthritis | 103 (10%) | 83 (8%) | .1292 |
| Systemic lupus erythematosus | 27 (3%) | 5 (0.5%) | <.0001 |
| Autoimmune thyroid disease | 93 (9%) | 11 (1%) | <.0001 |
| Raynaud syndrome | 118 (12%) | 23 (2%) | <.0001 |
| Sjögren syndrome | 102 (10%) | 5 (0.5%) | <.0001 |
| Scleroderma | 24 (2%) | 0 | <.0001 |
| Polymyositis | 6 (0.6%) | 1 (0.1%) | .0684 |
| Any of the above | 323 (32%) | 131 (13%) | <.0001 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 99 (10%) | 119 (11%) | .1744 |
| Hypercholesterolemia | 582 (58%) | 445 (46%) | <.0001 |
| History of urinary tract infections | 612 (59%) | 536 (52%) | .0003 |
| History of breast cancer* | 31 (3%) | 45 (5%) | .1277 |
| Asthma | 124 (12%) | 141 (14%) | NS |
| Hay fever | 141 (14%) | 186 (18%) | .0113 |
| History of surgery | |||
| Tonsillectomy | 584 (57%) | 518 (50%) | 0.0018 |
| Appendectomy | 257 (25%) | 285 (27%) | NS |
| Gallbladder removal | 278 (27%) | 179 (17%) | <0.0001 |
| Colon polyp removal | 190 (18%) | 132 (13%) | 0.0003 |
| Uterine fibroid removal* | 161 (17%) | 140 (15%) | 0.1491 |
| Ovarian cyst removal* | 127 (13%) | 121 (13%) | NS |
| Thyroid surgery | 23 (2%) | 23 (2%) | NS |
| Cesarean section* | 117 (12%) | 124 (13%) | NS |
NOTE. Only P values beyond the .2 level for the comparison between patient groups are reported.
Abbreviation: NS, nonsignificant.
*
Referred to female cases and controls only.