Fig. 1.

Insulin and GlcN induce similar changes in cellular O-linked glycosylation. After 36 h of incubation in DMEM containing 5.5 mm glucose, cells were left untreated (control) or treated overnight (12 h) with 5 nm insulin in the absence (12 h Ins.) or presence (12 h Ins. + DON) of DON. A subset of cells was treated with 2 mm glucosamine in the absence of insulin (12 h GlcN) for 12 h. Representative images of cells subjected to immunofluorescence (IF) microscopy with RL2 antibody (A) and quantitation (B) are shown. *, P < 0.05 vs. control; bar 1).