Table 1.
Baseline (Time-fixed) Characteristics and Crude Hazard Ratios (and 95% Confidence Intervals [CI]) of Long-Term Injection Cessation among 1,697 Injection Drug Users in the ALIVE Study in Baltimore, Maryland (1988–2008).
| Total | No long-term cessation | Long-term cessation | Crude Hazard Ratio (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n=1,697) | (n=991) | (n=706) | ||
| % | % | % | ||
| Total | 58.4 | 41.6 | -- | |
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 74.7 | 77.6 | 70.5 | 1.00 |
| Female | 25.3 | 22.4 | 29.5 | 1.16 (0.99, 1.37) |
| Age | ||||
| <30 yrs | 24.1 | 23.3 | 25.2 | 1.00 |
| 30–34 yrs | 28.1 | 27.0 | 29.5 | 1.01 (0.83, 1.23) |
| 35–39 yrs | 20.8 | 21.9 | 19.3 | 0.76 (0.61, 0.95) |
| >40 yrs | 27.1 | 27.8 | 26.1 | 1.11 (0.91, 1.36) |
| Race | ||||
| White/Other | 4.8 | 5.0 | 4.5 | 1.00 |
| African-American | 95.2 | 95.0 | 95.5 | 0.92 (0.67, 1.24) |
| Educational attainment | ||||
| Less than HS | 57.0 | 56.6 | 56.4 | 1.00 |
| HS diploma | 30.8 | 29.7 | 32.3 | 1.12 (0.95, 1.31) |
| Greater than HS | 12.7 | 13.7 | 11.3 | 0.88 (0.69, 1.12) |
| Marital status | ||||
| Never married | 65.7 | 66.8 | 64.0 | 1.00 |
| Married | 5.4 | 4.2 | 6.9 | 1.28 (0.96, 1.72) |
| Other | 29.0 | 29.0 | 29.0 | 1.04 (0.88, 1.22) |
| Income, annually at baseline | ||||
| <$5,000 | 75.9 | 76.5 | 73.7 | 1.00 |
| >=$5,000 | 24.1 | 23.5 | 26.3 | 1.16 (0.98, 1.37) |
| Employed at baseline | ||||
| No | 81.2 | 81.6 | 80.7 | 1.00 |
| Yes | 18.8 | 18.4 | 19.3 | 0.86 (0.57, 1.31) |
| History of drug treatment | ||||
| No | 41.6 | 43.9 | 38.4 | 1.00 |
| Yes | 58.4 | 56.1 | 61.6 | 1.12 (0.96, 1.30) |
| Number of years injected | ||||
| 1–7 years | 25.8 | 22.9 | 29.8 | 1.00 |
| 8–14 years | 25.1 | 25.7 | 24.4 | 0.90 (0.73, 1.10) |
| 15–20 years | 26.2 | 25.7 | 26.9 | 0.85 (0.70, 1.03) |
| Over 20 years | 22.9 | 25.8 | 19.0 | 0.81 (0.65, 1.00) |