Abstract
We developed a new method for the specific mutagenization of the E. coli chromosome. This method takes advantage of the fact that a pBR322 plasmid containing chromosomal sequences is mobilizable during an Hfr-mediated conjugational transfer, due to an homologous recombination between the E. coli Hfr chromosome and the pBR322 derivative. Transconjugants are screened with a simple selection procedure for integration of mutant sequences in the chromosome and loss of pBR322 sequences. Using this method we specifically inactivated several genes near the E. coli replication origin oriC. We found that a gene coding for asparagine synthetase A. This regulatory mechanism was investigated in detail by determining in vivo regulation of asnA promoter activity by the 17kD protein under different growth conditions. Results obtained also suggest a general regulatory role of the 17kD protein in E. coli asparagine metabolism. Therefore the 17kD gene is proposed to be renamed asnC.
Full text
PDF














Images in this article
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Birnboim H. C., Doly J. A rapid alkaline extraction procedure for screening recombinant plasmid DNA. Nucleic Acids Res. 1979 Nov 24;7(6):1513–1523. doi: 10.1093/nar/7.6.1513. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Bruce I., Hardy J., Stacey K. A. Potentiation by purines of the growth-inhibitory effects of sulphonamides on Escherichia coli K12 and the location of the gene which mediates this effect. J Gen Microbiol. 1984 Oct;130(10):2489–2495. doi: 10.1099/00221287-130-10-2489. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Buhk H. J., Messer W. The replication origin region of Escherichia coli: nucleotide sequence and functional units. Gene. 1983 Oct;24(2-3):265–279. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(83)90087-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Cohen S. N., Chang A. C., Hsu L. Nonchromosomal antibiotic resistance in bacteria: genetic transformation of Escherichia coli by R-factor DNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1972 Aug;69(8):2110–2114. doi: 10.1073/pnas.69.8.2110. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Felton J., Michaelis S., Wright A. Mutations in two unlinked genes are required to produce asparagine auxotrophy in Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 1980 Apr;142(1):221–228. doi: 10.1128/jb.142.1.221-228.1980. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gay N. J. Construction and characterization of an Escherichia coli strain with a uncI mutation. J Bacteriol. 1984 Jun;158(3):820–825. doi: 10.1128/jb.158.3.820-825.1984. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gutterson N. I., Koshland D. E., Jr Replacement and amplification of bacterial genes with sequences altered in vitro. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 Aug;80(16):4894–4898. doi: 10.1073/pnas.80.16.4894. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Humbert R., Simoni R. D. Genetic and biomedical studies demonstrating a second gene coding for asparagine synthetase in Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 1980 Apr;142(1):212–220. doi: 10.1128/jb.142.1.212-220.1980. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kölling R., Lother H. AsnC: an autogenously regulated activator of asparagine synthetase A transcription in Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 1985 Oct;164(1):310–315. doi: 10.1128/jb.164.1.310-315.1985. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- LUBIN M., KESSEL D. H., BUDREAU A., GROSS J. D. The isolation of bacterial mutants defective in amino acid transport. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1960 Aug 26;42:535–538. doi: 10.1016/0006-3002(60)90836-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- McKenney K., Shimatake H., Court D., Schmeissner U., Brady C., Rosenberg M. A system to study promoter and terminator signals recognized by Escherichia coli RNA polymerase. Gene Amplif Anal. 1981;2:383–415. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Oka A., Sugimoto K., Takanami M., Hirota Y. Replication origin of the Escherichia coli K-12 chromosome: the size and structure of the minimum DNA segment carrying the information for autonomous replication. Mol Gen Genet. 1980 Apr;178(1):9–20. doi: 10.1007/BF00267207. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Rak B., von Reutern M. Insertion element IS5 contains a third gene. EMBO J. 1984 Apr;3(4):807–811. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1984.tb01889.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Reitzer L. J., Magasanik B. Asparagine synthetases of Klebsiella aerogenes: properties and regulation of synthesis. J Bacteriol. 1982 Sep;151(3):1299–1313. doi: 10.1128/jb.151.3.1299-1313.1982. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Reitzer L. J., Magasanik B. Expression of glnA in Escherichia coli is regulated at tandem promoters. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Apr;82(7):1979–1983. doi: 10.1073/pnas.82.7.1979. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Reitzer L. J., Magasanik B. Isolation of the nitrogen assimilation regulator NR(I), the product of the glnG gene of Escherichia coli. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 Sep;80(18):5554–5558. doi: 10.1073/pnas.80.18.5554. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sedivy J. M., Daldal F., Fraenkel D. G. Fructose bisphosphatase of Escherichia coli: cloning of the structural gene (fbp) and preparation of a chromosomal deletion. J Bacteriol. 1984 Jun;158(3):1048–1053. doi: 10.1128/jb.158.3.1048-1053.1984. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Stuitje A. R., Meijer M. Maintenance and incompatibility of plasmids carrying the replication origin of the Escherichia coli chromosome: evidence for a control region of replication between oriC and asnA. Nucleic Acids Res. 1983 Aug 25;11(16):5775–5791. doi: 10.1093/nar/11.16.5775. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Winans S. C., Elledge S. J., Krueger J. H., Walker G. C. Site-directed insertion and deletion mutagenesis with cloned fragments in Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 1985 Mar;161(3):1219–1221. doi: 10.1128/jb.161.3.1219-1221.1985. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Wolf B., Newman A., Glaser D. A. On the origin and direction of replication of the Escherichia coli K12 chromosome. J Mol Biol. 1968 Mar 28;32(3):611–629. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(68)90346-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Yamada M., Hirota Y. Hfr-mediated conjugative transfer of pBR322 vector carrying the chromosomal DNA of Escherichia coli. Gene. 1982 Dec;20(3):471–475. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(82)90216-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Yamaguchi K., Tomizawa J. Establishment of Escherichia coli cells with an integrated high copy number plasmid. Mol Gen Genet. 1980;178(3):525–533. doi: 10.1007/BF00337857. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]