Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America logoLink to Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
. 1981 Jul;78(7):4576–4578. doi: 10.1073/pnas.78.7.4576

Evidence against extrapancreatic insulin synthesis.

J Eng, R S Yalow
PMCID: PMC319835  PMID: 6270683

Abstract

Labeled and unlabeled insulin in acid/ethanol tissue extracts can be concentrated up to 100-fold by using a hydrophobic adsorption technique. After adsorption to and elution from an octadecylsilyl silica column, insulin is recovered in yields greater than 75%. By using this method of concentration, insulin in brain tissues of three of four fed rats and one rabbit was found to be less than 20% of plasma concentration. The kidney is the only extrapancreatic organ in which insulin is observed to be markedly above plasma levels. Porcine-insulin-like material was not detectable in guinea pig tissues (less than 0.02 ng/g). It is concluded that insulin is not synthesized in brain or other extrapancreatic tissues and that other mammalian insulins are not found in guinea pig tissues.

Full text

PDF
4576

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Bennett H. P., Hudson A. M., McMartin C., Purdon G. E. Use of octadecasilyl-silica for the extraction and purification of peptides in biological samples. Application to the identification of circulating metabolites of corticotropin-(1-24)-tetracosapeptide and somatostatin in vivo. Biochem J. 1977 Oct 15;168(1):9–13. doi: 10.1042/bj1680009. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Brownstein M., Arimura A., Sato H., Schally A. V., Kizer J. S. The regional distribution of somatostatin in the rat brain. Endocrinology. 1975 Jun;96(6):1456–1461. doi: 10.1210/endo-96-6-1456. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Bryant M. G., Polak M. M., Modlin I., Bloom S. R., Albuquerque R. H., Pearse A. G. Possible dual role for vasoactive intestinal peptide as gastrointestinal hormone and neurotransmitter substance. Lancet. 1976 May 8;1(7967):991–993. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(76)91863-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Dockray G. J., Gregory R. A., Hutchison J. B., Harris J. I., Runswick M. J. Isolation, structure and biological activity of two cholecystokinin octapeptides from sheep brain. Nature. 1978 Aug 17;274(5672):711–713. doi: 10.1038/274711a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Dockray G. J. Immunochemical evidence of cholecystokinin-like peptides in brain. Nature. 1976 Dec 9;264(5586):568–570. doi: 10.1038/264568a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Eng J., Yalow R. S. Insulin recoverable from tissues. Diabetes. 1980 Feb;29(2):105–109. doi: 10.2337/diab.29.2.105. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Gewirtz G., Yalow R. S. Ectopic ACTH production in carcinoma of the lung. J Clin Invest. 1974 Apr;53(4):1022–1032. doi: 10.1172/JCI107639. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Havrankova J., Roth J., Brownstein M. J. Concentrations of insulin and insulin receptors in the brain are independent of peripheral insulin levels. Studies of obese and streptozotocin-treated rodents. J Clin Invest. 1979 Aug;64(2):636–642. doi: 10.1172/JCI109504. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Havrankova J., Schmechel D., Roth J., Brownstein M. Identification of insulin in rat brain. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1978 Nov;75(11):5737–5741. doi: 10.1073/pnas.75.11.5737. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Le Roith D., Shiloach J., Roth J., Lesniak M. A. Evolutionary origins of vertebrate hormones: substances similar to mammalian insulins are native to unicellular eukaryotes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Oct;77(10):6184–6188. doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.10.6184. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. LeRoith D., Lesniak M. A., Roth J. Insulin in insects and annelids. Diabetes. 1981 Jan;30(1):70–76. doi: 10.2337/diab.30.1.70. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Moldow R. L., Yalow R. S. Extrahypophysial distribution of thyrotropin as a function of brain size. Life Sci. 1978 May 22;22(20):1859–1864. doi: 10.1016/0024-3205(78)90604-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Moldow R., Yalow R. S. Extrahypophysial distribution of corticotropin as a function of brain size. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1978 Feb;75(2):994–998. doi: 10.1073/pnas.75.2.994. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Muller J. E., Straus E., Yalow R. S. Cholecystokinin and its COOH-terminal octapeptide in the pig brain. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Jul;74(7):3035–3037. doi: 10.1073/pnas.74.7.3035. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Rosenzweig J. L., Havrankova J., Lesniak M. A., Brownstein M., Roth J. Insulin is ubiquitous in extrapancreatic tissues of rats and humans. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Jan;77(1):572–576. doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.1.572. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Ryder S. W., Eng J., Straus E., Yalow R. S. Alkaline extraction of cholecystokinin-immunoreactivity from rat brain. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1980 May 30;94(2):704–709. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(80)91289-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America are provided here courtesy of National Academy of Sciences

RESOURCES