Skip to main content
PMC home page
Nucleic Acids Research logoLink to Nucleic Acids Research
. 1984 Jan 11;12(1 Pt 1):53–66. doi: 10.1093/nar/12.1part1.53

An accelerated algorithm for calculating the secondary structure of single stranded RNAs.

E Comay, R Nussinov, O Comay
PMCID: PMC320983  PMID: 6198624

Abstract

We describe a code designed for secondary structure computation of single stranded RNA molecules. While it incorporates the same principles as the original algorithm of Nussinov et al (1978), its restructuring improves the logic and the approach of the codes based on it. For long sequences the code is at least an order of magnitude faster. For a chain n nucleotides long, references to computer disk memory are reduced from n3 to less than n2. For n much greater than 100, disk references behave like n3/6000.

Full text

PDF
53

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Auron P. E., Rindone W. P., Vary C. P., Celentano J. J., Vournakis J. N. Computer-aided prediction of RNA secondary structures. Nucleic Acids Res. 1982 Jan 11;10(1):403–419. doi: 10.1093/nar/10.1.403. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Borer P. N., Dengler B., Tinoco I., Jr, Uhlenbeck O. C. Stability of ribonucleic acid double-stranded helices. J Mol Biol. 1974 Jul 15;86(4):843–853. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(74)90357-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Delisi C., Crothers D. M. Prediction of RNA secondary structure. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1971 Nov;68(11):2682–2685. doi: 10.1073/pnas.68.11.2682. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Dumas J. P., Ninio J. Efficient algorithms for folding and comparing nucleic acid sequences. Nucleic Acids Res. 1982 Jan 11;10(1):197–206. doi: 10.1093/nar/10.1.197. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Goad W. B., Kanehisa M. I. Pattern recognition in nucleic acid sequences. I. A general method for finding local homologies and symmetries. Nucleic Acids Res. 1982 Jan 11;10(1):247–263. doi: 10.1093/nar/10.1.247. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Gralla J., Crothers D. M. Free energy of imperfect nucleic acid helices. 3. Small internal loops resulting from mismatches. J Mol Biol. 1973 Aug 5;78(2):301–319. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(73)90118-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Gralla J., Crothers D. M. Free energy of imperfect nucleic acid helices. II. Small hairpin loops. J Mol Biol. 1973 Feb 5;73(4):497–511. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(73)90096-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Nussinov R., Jacobson A. B. Fast algorithm for predicting the secondary structure of single-stranded RNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Nov;77(11):6309–6313. doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.11.6309. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Nussinov R., Tinoco I., Jr, Jacobson A. B. Secondary structure model for the complete simian virus 50 late precursor mRNA. Nucleic Acids Res. 1982 Jan 11;10(1):351–363. doi: 10.1093/nar/10.1.351. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Nussinov R., Tinoco I., Jr, Jacobson A. B. Small changes in free energy assignments for unpaired bases do not affect predicted secondary structures in single stranded RNA. Nucleic Acids Res. 1982 Jan 11;10(1):341–349. doi: 10.1093/nar/10.1.341. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Nussinov R., Tinoco I., Jr Sequential folding of a messenger RNA molecule. J Mol Biol. 1981 Sep 25;151(3):519–533. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(81)90008-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Pipas J. M., McMahon J. E. Method for predicting RNA secondary structure. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1975 Jun;72(6):2017–2021. doi: 10.1073/pnas.72.6.2017. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Stiegler P., Carbon P., Zuker M., Ebel J. P., Ehresmann C. Structural organization of the 16S ribosomal RNA from E. coli. Topography and secondary structure. Nucleic Acids Res. 1981 May 11;9(9):2153–2172. doi: 10.1093/nar/9.9.2153. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Studnicka G. M., Rahn G. M., Cummings I. W., Salser W. A. Computer method for predicting the secondary structure of single-stranded RNA. Nucleic Acids Res. 1978 Sep;5(9):3365–3387. doi: 10.1093/nar/5.9.3365. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Tinoco I., Jr, Borer P. N., Dengler B., Levin M. D., Uhlenbeck O. C., Crothers D. M., Bralla J. Improved estimation of secondary structure in ribonucleic acids. Nat New Biol. 1973 Nov 14;246(150):40–41. doi: 10.1038/newbio246040a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Tinoco I., Jr, Uhlenbeck O. C., Levine M. D. Estimation of secondary structure in ribonucleic acids. Nature. 1971 Apr 9;230(5293):362–367. doi: 10.1038/230362a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Zuker M., Stiegler P. Optimal computer folding of large RNA sequences using thermodynamics and auxiliary information. Nucleic Acids Res. 1981 Jan 10;9(1):133–148. doi: 10.1093/nar/9.1.133. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Nucleic Acids Research are provided here courtesy of Oxford University Press

RESOURCES