Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Nucleic Acids Research logoLink to Nucleic Acids Research
. 1985 Sep 25;13(18):6515–6529. doi: 10.1093/nar/13.18.6515

Subgroup IV of human immunoglobulin K light chains is encoded by a single germline gene.

H G Klobeck, G W Bornkamm, G Combriato, R Mocikat, H D Pohlenz, H G Zachau
PMCID: PMC321974  PMID: 2997712

Abstract

The series of studies on the human K light chain genes of the various subgroups is concluded by this report on the isolation and nucleotide sequence determination of a functional VKIV gene (abbreviations ref. 1) and its germline counterpart. The rearranged gene which stems from a lymphoid cell line and the germline gene differ in four nucleotides which can be attributed to somatic mutations; three of the mutations are clustered in CDR3. The germline gene regions of two unrelated individuals were identical over a stretch of 1267 bp. By hybridization experiments it is shown that the human K locus contains only one VKIV gene. In 16 lymphoid cell lines studied here, the VKIV gene is frequently deleted or aberrantly rearranged which may be a consequence of peculiarities of its function and/or its structural organization.

Full text

PDF
6515

Images in this article

6520Image
on p.6520
6524Image
on p.6524

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Baltimore D. Somatic mutation gains its place among the generators of diversity. Cell. 1981 Nov;26(3 Pt 1):295–296. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(81)90196-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Bentley D. L., Rabbitts T. H. Evolution of immunoglobulin V genes: evidence indicating that recently duplicated human V kappa sequences have diverged by gene conversion. Cell. 1983 Jan;32(1):181–189. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(83)90508-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Bentley D. L., Rabbitts T. H. Human immunoglobulin variable region genes--DNA sequences of two V kappa genes and a pseudogene. Nature. 1980 Dec 25;288(5792):730–733. doi: 10.1038/288730a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Bornkamm G. W., Kaduk B., Kachel G., Schneider U., Fresen K. O., Schwanitz G., Hermanek P. Epstein-Barr virus-positive Burkitt's lymphoma in a German woman during pregnancy. Blut. 1980 Mar;40(3):167–177. doi: 10.1007/BF01008574. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Breathnach R., Chambon P. Organization and expression of eucaryotic split genes coding for proteins. Annu Rev Biochem. 1981;50:349–383. doi: 10.1146/annurev.bi.50.070181.002025. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Chang A. C., Cohen S. N. Construction and characterization of amplifiable multicopy DNA cloning vehicles derived from the P15A cryptic miniplasmid. J Bacteriol. 1978 Jun;134(3):1141–1156. doi: 10.1128/jb.134.3.1141-1156.1978. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Erikson J., Nishikura K., ar-Rushdi A., Finan J., Emanuel B., Lenoir G., Nowell P. C., Croce C. M. Translocation of an immunoglobulin kappa locus to a region 3' of an unrearranged c-myc oncogene enhances c-myc transcription. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 Dec;80(24):7581–7585. doi: 10.1073/pnas.80.24.7581. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Falkner F. G., Zachau H. G. Correct transcription of an immunoglobulin kappa gene requires an upstream fragment containing conserved sequence elements. Nature. 1984 Jul 5;310(5972):71–74. doi: 10.1038/310071a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Frischauf A. M., Lehrach H., Poustka A., Murray N. Lambda replacement vectors carrying polylinker sequences. J Mol Biol. 1983 Nov 15;170(4):827–842. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(83)80190-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Hieter P. A., Max E. E., Seidman J. G., Maizel J. V., Jr, Leder P. Cloned human and mouse kappa immunoglobulin constant and J region genes conserve homology in functional segments. Cell. 1980 Nov;22(1 Pt 1):197–207. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(80)90168-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Ish-Horowicz D., Burke J. F. Rapid and efficient cosmid cloning. Nucleic Acids Res. 1981 Jul 10;9(13):2989–2998. doi: 10.1093/nar/9.13.2989. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Jaenichen H. R., Pech M., Lindenmaier W., Wildgruber N., Zachau H. G. Composite human VK genes and a model of their evolution. Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Jul 11;12(13):5249–5263. doi: 10.1093/nar/12.13.5249. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Klein G., Giovanella B., Westman A., Stehlin J. S., Mumford D. An EBV-genome-negative cell line established from an American Burkitt lymphoma; receptor characteristics. EBV infectibility and permanent conversion into EBV-positive sublines by in vitro infection. Intervirology. 1975;5(6):319–334. doi: 10.1159/000149930. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Klobeck H. G., Combriato G., Zachau H. G. Immunoglobulin genes of the kappa light chain type from two human lymphoid cell lines are closely related. Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Sep 25;12(18):6995–7006. doi: 10.1093/nar/12.18.6995. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Klobeck H. G., Solomon A., Zachau H. G. Contribution of human V kappa II germ-line genes to light-chain diversity. Nature. 1984 May 3;309(5963):73–76. doi: 10.1038/309073a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. McKean D., Huppi K., Bell M., Staudt L., Gerhard W., Weigert M. Generation of antibody diversity in the immune response of BALB/c mice to influenza virus hemagglutinin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 May;81(10):3180–3184. doi: 10.1073/pnas.81.10.3180. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. PULVERTAFT J. V. CYTOLOGY OF BURKITT'S TUMOUR (AFRICAN LYMPHOMA). Lancet. 1964 Feb 1;1(7327):238–240. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(64)92345-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Pech M., Höchtl J., Schnell H., Zachau H. G. Differences between germ-line and rearranged immunoglobulin V kappa coding sequences suggest a localized mutation mechanism. Nature. 1981 Jun 25;291(5817):668–670. doi: 10.1038/291668a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Pech M., Jaenichen H. R., Pohlenz H. D., Neumaier P. S., Klobeck H. G., Zachau H. G. Organization and evolution of a gene cluster for human immunoglobulin variable regions of the kappa type. J Mol Biol. 1984 Jun 25;176(2):189–204. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(84)90420-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Perlmutter R. M., Kearney J. F., Chang S. P., Hood L. E. Developmentally controlled expression of immunoglobulin VH genes. Science. 1985 Mar 29;227(4694):1597–1601. doi: 10.1126/science.3975629. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Sanger F., Coulson A. R., Barrell B. G., Smith A. J., Roe B. A. Cloning in single-stranded bacteriophage as an aid to rapid DNA sequencing. J Mol Biol. 1980 Oct 25;143(2):161–178. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(80)90196-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Schneider M., Hilschmann N. Die Primärstruktur einer monoklonalen Immunglobulin-L-Kette der Subgruppe IV vom kappa-Typ (Bence-Jones-Protein Len.): eine neue Subgruppe der L-Ketten vom kappa-Typ. Hoppe Seylers Z Physiol Chem. 1974 Sep;355(9):1164–1168. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Stavnezer J., Kekish O., Batter D., Grenier J., Balazs I., Henderson E., Zegers B. J. Aberrant recombination events in B cell lines derived from a kappa-deficient human. Nucleic Acids Res. 1985 May 24;13(10):3495–3514. doi: 10.1093/nar/13.10.3495. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Wang A. C., Fudenberg H. H., Wells J. V. A new subgroup of the Kappa chain variable region associated with anti-Pr cold agglutinins. Nat New Biol. 1973 May 23;243(125):126–128. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Yancopoulos G. D., Desiderio S. V., Paskind M., Kearney J. F., Baltimore D., Alt F. W. Preferential utilization of the most JH-proximal VH gene segments in pre-B-cell lines. Nature. 1984 Oct 25;311(5988):727–733. doi: 10.1038/311727a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Zachau H. G., Pech M., Klobeck H. G., Pohlenz H. D., Straubinger B., Falkner F. G. Wie entstehen die Antikörper? 9. Fritz-Lipmann-Vorlesung. Hoppe Seylers Z Physiol Chem. 1984 Dec;365(12):1363–1373. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Nucleic Acids Research are provided here courtesy of Oxford University Press

RESOURCES