Skip to main content
PMC home page
Nucleic Acids Research logoLink to Nucleic Acids Research
. 1980 Oct 24;8(20):4681–4687. doi: 10.1093/nar/8.20.4681

Myeloma with multiple rearranged immunoglobulin kappa genes: only one kappa gene codes for kappa chains.

U Storb, B Arp, R Wilson
PMCID: PMC324379  PMID: 6255428

Abstract

In many myelomas more than one kappa gene is rearranged (2-5). We are reporting here the results of studies undertaken to determine whether all the rearranged genes are expressed. It was found that in the myeloma NS-1 three different rearranged kappa genes exist. In a subline of NS-1 and several hybridomas produced by fusion of mouse spleen cells with NS-1 it was found that production of NS-1 kappa chains was correlated with the presence of one of the three kappa genes. Loss of this "expressed" gene eliminated the synthesis of the NS-1 kappa chains, loss of one of the other two rearranged kappa genes did not. It is hypothesized, that allelic exclusion (20) of kappa genes generally operates by the functional rearrangement of one kappa gene; other rearrangements are relatively frequent, at least in myelomas, but mostly they are nonfunctional and thus scrambled antibody molecules do not arise.

Full text

PDF
4681

Images in this article

4683Image
on p.4683
4684Image
on p.4684

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Cowan N. J., Secher D. S., Milstein C. Intracellular immunoglobulin chain synthesis in non-secreting variants of a mouse myeloma: detection of inactive light-chain messenger RNA. J Mol Biol. 1974 Dec 25;90(4):691–701. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(74)90533-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Hengartner H., Meo T., Müller E. Assignment of genes for immunoglobulin kappa and heavy chains to chromosomes 6 and 12 in mouse. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1978 Sep;75(9):4494–4498. doi: 10.1073/pnas.75.9.4494. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Joho R., Weissman I. L., Early P., Cole J., Hood L. Organization of kappa light chain genes in germ-line and somatic tissue. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Feb;77(2):1106–1110. doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.2.1106. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Joho R., Weissman I. L. V-J joining of immunoglobulin kappa genes only occurs on one homologous chromosome. Nature. 1980 Mar 13;284(5752):179–181. doi: 10.1038/284179a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Köhler G., Howe S. C., Milstein C. Fusion between immunoglobulin-secreting and nonsecreting myeloma cell lines. Eur J Immunol. 1976 Apr;6(4):292–295. doi: 10.1002/eji.1830060411. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Köhler G., Milstein C. Derivation of specific antibody-producing tissue culture and tumor lines by cell fusion. Eur J Immunol. 1976 Jul;6(7):511–519. doi: 10.1002/eji.1830060713. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Lenhard-Schuller R., Hohn B., Brack C., Hirama M., Tonegawa S. DNA clones containing mouse immunoglobulin kappa chain genes isolated by in vitro packaging into phage lambda coats. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1978 Oct;75(10):4709–4713. doi: 10.1073/pnas.75.10.4709. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Pernis B., Chiappino G., Kelus A. S., Gell P. G. Cellular localization of immunoglobulins with different allotypic specificities in rabbit lymphoid tissues. J Exp Med. 1965 Nov 1;122(5):853–876. doi: 10.1084/jem.122.5.853. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Putnam D., Clagett J., Storb U. Immunoglobulin synthesis by T cells: quantitative and qualitative aspects. J Immunol. 1980 Feb;124(2):902–912. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Rabbitts T. H., Forster A., Dunnick W., Bentley D. L. The role of gene deletion in the immunoglobulin heavy chain switch. Nature. 1980 Jan 24;283(5745):351–356. doi: 10.1038/283351a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Rigby P. W., Dieckmann M., Rhodes C., Berg P. Labeling deoxyribonucleic acid to high specific activity in vitro by nick translation with DNA polymerase I. J Mol Biol. 1977 Jun 15;113(1):237–251. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(77)90052-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Shulman M., Wilde C. D., Köhler G. A better cell line for making hybridomas secreting specific antibodies. Nature. 1978 Nov 16;276(5685):269–270. doi: 10.1038/276269a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Southern E. M. Detection of specific sequences among DNA fragments separated by gel electrophoresis. J Mol Biol. 1975 Nov 5;98(3):503–517. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(75)80083-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Steinmetz M., Zachau H. G., Mach B. Cloning of immunoglobulin kappa light chain genes from mouse liver and myeloma MOPC 173. Nucleic Acids Res. 1979 Jul 25;6(10):3213–3229. doi: 10.1093/nar/6.10.3213. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Steinmetz M., Zachau H. G. Two rearranged immunoglobulin kappa light chain genes in one mouse myeloma. Nucleic Acids Res. 1980 Apr 25;8(8):1693–1707. doi: 10.1093/nar/8.8.1693. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Valbuena O., Marcu K. B., Weigert M., Perry R. P. Multiplicity of germline genes specifying a group of related mouse kappa chains with implications for the generation of immunoglobulin diversity. Nature. 1978 Dec 21;276(5690):780–784. doi: 10.1038/276780a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Wilson R., Miller J., Storb U. Rearrangement of immunoglobulin genes. Biochemistry. 1979 Oct 30;18(22):5013–5021. doi: 10.1021/bi00589a032. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Wilson R., Storb U., Arp B. Immunoglobulin gene rearrangements in hybridoma cells. J Immunol. 1980 May;124(5):2071–2076. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Yeh M. Y., Hellström I., Brown J. P., Warner G. A., Hansen J. A., Hellström K. E. Cell surface antigens of human melanoma identified by monoclonal antibody. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Jun;76(6):2927–2931. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.6.2927. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Nucleic Acids Research are provided here courtesy of Oxford University Press

RESOURCES