Abstract
Four virus-specific transcripts have been identified in murine cells infected with Minute-Virus-of-Mice (MVM). These RNAs, 4.8, 3.3, 3.0 and 1.8 kilobases in length, designated R1 to R4 respectively, are all transcribed from the virion (-) strand of DNA and they are all polyadenylated and spliced. The R1 transcript is derived from sequences that reside on the genome between 4.0 and 95 map units (mu). Transcript R2 is composed of exon sequences derived from mu coordinates 4.0-10.0, 40-46 and 48-95. The most abundant RNA, R3, is transcribed from sequences mapping between 40 and 95 mu. All three of these RNAs have a short intron sequence between 46-48 mu removed. The least abundant transcript, R4, has not been mapped precisely, however it hybridizes with all three EcoRI fragments which span the entire 5 kb genome. In vitro transcription of cloned restriction fragments of MVM DNA confirm the existence of functional promoters at map coordinates 4.0 and 39 and sequence analysis of these regions of the viral DNA reveal the characteristic features of RNA polymerase II promoters. These results indicate that MVM DNA encodes two overlapping transcription units with separate promoters near the left end (4.0 mu) and middle (39 mu) of the genome.
Full text
PDF



















Images in this article
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Aloni Y., Attardi G. Symmetrical in vivo transcription of mitochondrial DNA in HeLa cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1971 Aug;68(8):1757–1761. doi: 10.1073/pnas.68.8.1757. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Aloni Y., Locker H. Symmetrical in vivo transcription of polyoma DNA and the separation of self-complementary viral and cell RNA. Virology. 1973 Aug;54(2):495–505. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(73)90159-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Berk A. J., Sharp P. A. Sizing and mapping of early adenovirus mRNAs by gel electrophoresis of S1 endonuclease-digested hybrids. Cell. 1977 Nov;12(3):721–732. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(77)90272-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Berk A. J., Sharp P. A. Spliced early mRNAs of simian virus 40. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1978 Mar;75(3):1274–1278. doi: 10.1073/pnas.75.3.1274. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Berns K. I., Hauswirth W. W. Adeno-associated viruses. Adv Virus Res. 1979;25:407–449. doi: 10.1016/s0065-3527(08)60574-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Borun T. W., Scharff M. D., Robbins E. Preparation of mammalian polyribosomes with the detergent Nonidet P-40. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1967 Nov 21;149(1):302–304. doi: 10.1016/0005-2787(67)90715-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Bourguignon G. J., Tattersall P. J., Ward D. C. DNA of minute virus of mice: self-priming, nonpermuted, single-stranded genome with a 5'-terminal hairpin duplex. J Virol. 1976 Oct;20(1):290–306. doi: 10.1128/jvi.20.1.290-306.1976. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Breathnach R., Chambon P. Organization and expression of eucaryotic split genes coding for proteins. Annu Rev Biochem. 1981;50:349–383. doi: 10.1146/annurev.bi.50.070181.002025. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Buller R. M., Janik J. E., Sebring E. D., Rose J. A. Herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 completely help adenovirus-associated virus replication. J Virol. 1981 Oct;40(1):241–247. doi: 10.1128/jvi.40.1.241-247.1981. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Carter B. J., Fife K. H., de la Maza L. M., Berns K. I. Genome localization of adeno-associated virus RNA. J Virol. 1976 Sep;19(3):1044–1053. doi: 10.1128/jvi.19.3.1044-1053.1976. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Carter B. J., Rose J. A. Transcription in vivo of a defective parvovirus: sedimentation and electrophoretic analysis of RNA synthesized by adenovirus-associated virus and its helper adenovirus. Virology. 1974 Sep;61(1):182–199. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(74)90253-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Casey J., Davidson N. Rates of formation and thermal stabilities of RNA:DNA and DNA:DNA duplexes at high concentrations of formamide. Nucleic Acids Res. 1977;4(5):1539–1552. doi: 10.1093/nar/4.5.1539. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Efstratiadis A., Posakony J. W., Maniatis T., Lawn R. M., O'Connell C., Spritz R. A., DeRiel J. K., Forget B. G., Weissman S. M., Slightom J. L. The structure and evolution of the human beta-globin gene family. Cell. 1980 Oct;21(3):653–668. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(80)90429-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Faust E. A., Ward D. C. Incomplete genomes of the parvovirus minute virus of mice: selective conservation of genome termini, including the origin for DNA replication. J Virol. 1979 Oct;32(1):276–292. doi: 10.1128/jvi.32.1.276-292.1979. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Fire A., Baker C. C., Manley J. L., Ziff E. B., Sharp P. A. In vitro transcription of adenovirus. J Virol. 1981 Dec;40(3):703–719. doi: 10.1128/jvi.40.3.703-719.1981. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Flavell A. J., Cowie A., Legon S., Kamen R. Multiple 5' terminal cap structures in late polyoma virus RNA. Cell. 1979 Feb;16(2):357–371. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(79)90012-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Green M. R., Lebovitz R. M., Roeder R. G. Expression of the autonomous parvovirus H1 genome: evidence for a single transcriptional unit and multiple spliced polyadenylated transcripts. Cell. 1979 Aug;17(4):967–977. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(79)90336-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Green M. R., Roeder R. G. Definition of a novel promoter for the major adenovirus-associated virus mRNA. Cell. 1980 Nov;22(1 Pt 1):231–242. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(80)90171-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Green M. R., Roeder R. G. Transcripts of the adeno-associated virus genome: mapping of the major RNAs. J Virol. 1980 Oct;36(1):79–92. doi: 10.1128/jvi.36.1.79-92.1980. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Haegeman G., Fiers W. Characterization of the 5'-terminal cap structures of early simian virus 40 mRNA. J Virol. 1980 Sep;35(3):955–961. doi: 10.1128/jvi.35.3.955-961.1980. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Jay F. T., de la Maza L. M., Carter B. J. Parvovirus RNA transcripts containing sequences not present in mature mRNA: a method for isolation of putative mRNA precursor sequences. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Feb;76(2):625–629. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.2.625. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- LITTLEFIELD J. W. THREE DEGREES OF GUANYLIC ACID--INOSINIC ACID PYROPHOSPHORYLASE DEFICIENCY IN MOUSE FIBROBLASTS. Nature. 1964 Sep 12;203:1142–1144. doi: 10.1038/2031142a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Laughlin C. A., Westphal H., Carter B. J. Spliced adenovirus-associated virus RNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Nov;76(11):5567–5571. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.11.5567. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Manley J. L., Fire A., Cano A., Sharp P. A., Gefter M. L. DNA-dependent transcription of adenovirus genes in a soluble whole-cell extract. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Jul;77(7):3855–3859. doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.7.3855. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Marcus C. J., Laughlin C. A., Carter B. J. Adeno-associated virus RNA transcription in vivo. Eur J Biochem. 1981 Dec;121(1):147–154. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1981.tb06443.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Rave N., Crkvenjakov R., Boedtker H. Identification of procollagen mRNAs transferred to diazobenzyloxymethyl paper from formaldehyde agarose gels. Nucleic Acids Res. 1979 Aug 10;6(11):3559–3567. doi: 10.1093/nar/6.11.3559. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Reddy V. B., Ghosh P. K., Lebowitz P., Weissman S. M. Gaps and duplicated sequences in the leaders of SV40 16S RNA. Nucleic Acids Res. 1978 Nov;5(11):4195–4213. doi: 10.1093/nar/5.11.4195. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Rigby P. W., Dieckmann M., Rhodes C., Berg P. Labeling deoxyribonucleic acid to high specific activity in vitro by nick translation with DNA polymerase I. J Mol Biol. 1977 Jun 15;113(1):237–251. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(77)90052-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Strohman R. C., Moss P. S., Micou-Eastwood J., Spector D., Przybyla A., Paterson B. Messenger RNA for myosin polypeptides: isolation from single myogenic cell cultures. Cell. 1977 Feb;10(2):265–273. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(77)90220-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Tal J., Ron D., Tattersall P., Bratosin S., Aloni Y. About 30% of minute virus of mice RNA is spliced out following polyadenylation. Nature. 1979 Jun 14;279(5714):649–651. doi: 10.1038/279649a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Tattersall P., Cawte P. J., Shatkin A. J., Ward D. C. Three structural polypeptides coded for by minite virus of mice, a parvovirus. J Virol. 1976 Oct;20(1):273–289. doi: 10.1128/jvi.20.1.273-289.1976. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Thomas P. S. Hybridization of denatured RNA and small DNA fragments transferred to nitrocellulose. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Sep;77(9):5201–5205. doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.9.5201. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Tibbetts C., Johansson K., Philipson L. Hydroxyapatite chromatography and formamide denaturation of adenovirus DNA. J Virol. 1973 Aug;12(2):218–225. doi: 10.1128/jvi.12.2.218-225.1973. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Weaver R. F., Weissmann C. Mapping of RNA by a modification of the Berk-Sharp procedure: the 5' termini of 15 S beta-globin mRNA precursor and mature 10 s beta-globin mRNA have identical map coordinates. Nucleic Acids Res. 1979 Nov 10;7(5):1175–1193. doi: 10.1093/nar/7.5.1175. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]