trans-Diiodidobis(2-phenyl­pyridine-κN)palladium(II)

Abstract

In the title complex, [PdI₂(C₁₁H₉N)₂], the Pd^II ion has a distorted trans-I₂N₂ square-planar coordination geometry defined by two N atoms from two 2-phenyl­pyridine ligands and two I⁻ anions. The 2-phenyl­pyridine ligands are not planar, the dihedral angles between the pyridine and benzene rings being 50.1 (2) and 45.7 (2)°. An inter­molecular π–π inter­action between the six-membered rings is present, the ring centroid–centroid distance being 3.898 (4) Å.

Related literature

For a related structure, [PdCl₂(C₁₁H₉N)₂], see: Ha (2011 ▶).

Experimental

Crystal data

• [PdI₂(C₁₁H₉N)₂]

• M _r = 670.58

• Monoclinic,

• a = 9.9163 (10) Å

• b = 14.4759 (14) Å

• c = 14.9917 (15) Å

• β = 103.663 (2)°

• V = 2091.1 (4) ų

• Z = 4

• Mo Kα radiation

• μ = 3.85 mm⁻¹

• T = 200 K

• 0.25 × 0.23 × 0.11 mm

Data collection

• Bruker SMART 1000 CCD diffractometer

• Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2000 ▶) T _min = 0.511, T _max = 0.655

• 15087 measured reflections

• 5163 independent reflections

• 2650 reflections with I > 2σ(I)

• R _int = 0.061

Refinement

• R[F ² > 2σ(F ²)] = 0.041

• wR(F ²) = 0.110

• S = 0.98

• 5163 reflections

• 244 parameters

• H-atom parameters constrained

• Δρ_max = 2.20 e Å⁻³

• Δρ_min = −1.15 e Å⁻³

Data collection: SMART (Bruker, 2000 ▶); cell refinement: SAINT (Bruker, 2000 ▶); data reduction: SAINT; program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008 ▶); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008 ▶); molecular graphics: ORTEP-3 (Farrugia, 1997 ▶) and PLATON (Spek, 2009 ▶); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXL97.

Supplementary Material

Additional supplementary materials: crystallographic information; 3D view; checkCIF report

Table 1. Selected bond lengths (Å).

Pd1—N1	2.027 (5)
Pd1—N2	2.031 (5)
Pd1—I1	2.6178 (8)
Pd1—I2	2.6244 (8)

supplementary crystallographic information

Comment

The title complex, [PdI₂(C₁₁H₉N)₂], crystallized in the monoclinic space group P2₁/c, whereas the analogous chloro Pd^II complex [PdCl₂(C₁₁H₉N)₂] crystallized in the triclinic space group P1 (Ha, 2011).

The central Pd^II ion has a trans-I₂N₂ square-planar coordination geometry defined by two N atoms from two 2-phenylpyridine ligands and two I^- anions (Fig. 1). The Pd—N and Pd—I bond lengths are nearly equivalent, respectively (Table 1). In the crystal, the PdI₂N₂ unit is nearly planar: the maximum deviation from the least-squares plane is 0.002 (2) Å. The dihedral angles between the PdI₂N₂ moiety and the pyridine rings are 77.2 (2) and 76.8 (2)°. The 2-phenylpyridine ligands are not planar, the dihedral angles between the pyridine and benzene rings being 50.1 (2)° and 45.7 (2)°. An intermolecular π–π interaction between the six-membered rings is present, the ring centroid-centroid distance being 3.898 (4) Å (Fig. 2).

Experimental

To a solution of Na₂PdCl₄ (0.1494 g, 0.508 mmol) and KI (0.9225 g, 5.557 mmol) in MeOH (50 ml) was added 2-phenylpyridine (0.1828 g, 1.178 mmol) and stirred for 7 h at room temperature. After evaporation of the solvent, the residue was washed with H₂O and dried at 50 °C, to give a redbrown powder (0.3430 g). Crystals suitable for X-ray analysis were obtained by slow evaporation from a CH₃CN solution.

Refinement

H atoms were positioned geometrically and allowed to ride on their respective parent atoms (C—H = 0.95 Å and U_iso(H) = 1.2U_eq(C)). The highest peak (2.20 e Å^-3) and the deepest hole (-1.15 e Å^-3) in the difference Fourier map are located 1.00 Å and 0.86 Å from the atoms H10 and Pd1, respectively.

Figures

Fig. 1.

A view of the molecular structure of the title complex, with displacement ellipsoids drawn at the 40% probability level and the atom numbering.

Fig. 2.

A view of the unit-cell contents of the title complex.

Crystal data

[PdI2(C11H9N)2]	F(000) = 1264
Mr = 670.58	Dx = 2.130 Mg m−3
Monoclinic, P21/c	Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å
Hall symbol: -P 2ybc	Cell parameters from 3071 reflections
a = 9.9163 (10) Å	θ = 2.5–27.7°
b = 14.4759 (14) Å	µ = 3.85 mm−1
c = 14.9917 (15) Å	T = 200 K
β = 103.663 (2)°	Plate, red
V = 2091.1 (4) Å3	0.25 × 0.23 × 0.11 mm
Z = 4

Data collection

Bruker SMART 1000 CCD diffractometer	5163 independent reflections
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube	2650 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
graphite	Rint = 0.061
φ and ω scans	θmax = 28.3°, θmin = 2.0°
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2000)	h = −12→13
Tmin = 0.511, Tmax = 0.655	k = −18→19
15087 measured reflections	l = −19→17

Refinement

Refinement on F2	Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods
Least-squares matrix: full	Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.041	Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites
wR(F2) = 0.110	H-atom parameters constrained
S = 0.98	w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0329P)2] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3
5163 reflections	(Δ/σ)max < 0.001
244 parameters	Δρmax = 2.20 e Å−3
0 restraints	Δρmin = −1.15 e Å−3

Special details

Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes.

Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger.

Fractional atomic coordinates and isotropic or equivalent isotropic displacement parameters (Ų)

	x	y	z	Uiso*/Ueq
Pd1	0.75033 (5)	0.14770 (3)	0.24074 (3)	0.02261 (13)
I1	0.61261 (5)	0.14579 (3)	0.36973 (3)	0.03177 (14)
I2	0.88936 (5)	0.15018 (3)	0.11195 (3)	0.03134 (14)
N1	0.6117 (5)	0.0560 (3)	0.1689 (3)	0.0223 (12)
N2	0.8874 (6)	0.2392 (4)	0.3151 (4)	0.0294 (14)
C1	0.6530 (7)	−0.0331 (4)	0.1743 (4)	0.0282 (16)
H1	0.7465	−0.0464	0.2043	0.034*
C2	0.5691 (8)	−0.1047 (5)	0.1396 (5)	0.0365 (19)
H2	0.6031	−0.1663	0.1452	0.044*
C3	0.4332 (8)	−0.0863 (5)	0.0959 (5)	0.0339 (18)
H3	0.3708	−0.1349	0.0720	0.041*
C4	0.3903 (7)	0.0041 (5)	0.0877 (5)	0.0325 (18)
H4	0.2980	0.0181	0.0556	0.039*
C5	0.4787 (7)	0.0753 (4)	0.1254 (4)	0.0249 (16)
C6	0.4288 (7)	0.1721 (4)	0.1201 (4)	0.0252 (16)
C7	0.3044 (7)	0.1915 (5)	0.1446 (4)	0.0281 (16)
H7	0.2540	0.1430	0.1645	0.034*
C8	0.2542 (8)	0.2810 (5)	0.1401 (5)	0.0382 (19)
H8	0.1710	0.2940	0.1587	0.046*
C9	0.3244 (8)	0.3508 (5)	0.1090 (5)	0.0354 (18)
H9	0.2890	0.4120	0.1056	0.043*
C10	0.4459 (7)	0.3331 (5)	0.0824 (5)	0.0319 (18)
H10	0.4938	0.3821	0.0610	0.038*
C11	0.4991 (7)	0.2430 (5)	0.0868 (4)	0.0299 (17)
H11	0.5818	0.2303	0.0674	0.036*
C12	0.8459 (8)	0.3265 (5)	0.3126 (5)	0.0348 (19)
H12	0.7536	0.3406	0.2805	0.042*
C13	0.9289 (8)	0.3975 (5)	0.3540 (5)	0.043 (2)
H13	0.8956	0.4592	0.3496	0.052*
C14	1.0588 (8)	0.3775 (5)	0.4010 (5)	0.040 (2)
H14	1.1177	0.4255	0.4310	0.048*
C15	1.1072 (8)	0.2880 (5)	0.4060 (5)	0.042 (2)
H15	1.1990	0.2742	0.4393	0.051*
C16	1.0189 (8)	0.2168 (5)	0.3612 (5)	0.0321 (18)
C17	1.0712 (8)	0.1208 (5)	0.3653 (5)	0.0351 (19)
C18	1.2040 (8)	0.1041 (6)	0.3535 (5)	0.041 (2)
H18	1.2584	0.1540	0.3402	0.049*
C19	1.2577 (8)	0.0150 (5)	0.3609 (5)	0.044 (2)
H19	1.3474	0.0041	0.3508	0.053*
C20	1.1810 (9)	−0.0581 (6)	0.3831 (5)	0.049 (2)
H20	1.2183	−0.1189	0.3893	0.059*
C21	1.0499 (8)	−0.0414 (5)	0.3962 (5)	0.044 (2)
H21	0.9967	−0.0909	0.4116	0.053*
C22	0.9956 (8)	0.0471 (5)	0.3871 (5)	0.041 (2)
H22	0.9050	0.0576	0.3958	0.049*

Atomic displacement parameters (Ų)

	U11	U22	U33	U12	U13	U23
Pd1	0.0173 (3)	0.0242 (3)	0.0258 (3)	−0.0034 (2)	0.0040 (2)	−0.0018 (2)
I1	0.0291 (3)	0.0354 (3)	0.0328 (3)	−0.0015 (2)	0.0115 (2)	−0.0018 (2)
I2	0.0253 (3)	0.0370 (3)	0.0331 (3)	−0.0029 (2)	0.0095 (2)	−0.0013 (2)
N1	0.017 (3)	0.027 (3)	0.021 (3)	−0.005 (2)	0.001 (2)	0.001 (2)
N2	0.026 (4)	0.031 (3)	0.029 (3)	−0.011 (3)	0.002 (3)	−0.001 (3)
C1	0.029 (4)	0.024 (4)	0.032 (4)	0.002 (3)	0.009 (3)	−0.003 (3)
C2	0.045 (5)	0.021 (4)	0.044 (5)	−0.001 (3)	0.011 (4)	−0.005 (3)
C3	0.030 (5)	0.038 (4)	0.032 (4)	−0.013 (4)	0.003 (3)	−0.002 (3)
C4	0.030 (5)	0.041 (5)	0.024 (4)	0.002 (4)	0.001 (3)	0.009 (3)
C5	0.031 (4)	0.025 (4)	0.016 (3)	−0.004 (3)	0.002 (3)	−0.002 (3)
C6	0.018 (4)	0.030 (4)	0.025 (4)	0.002 (3)	0.001 (3)	0.005 (3)
C7	0.026 (4)	0.036 (4)	0.026 (4)	−0.006 (3)	0.014 (3)	0.001 (3)
C8	0.023 (5)	0.046 (5)	0.046 (5)	0.012 (4)	0.010 (3)	0.003 (4)
C9	0.037 (5)	0.026 (4)	0.042 (4)	0.003 (4)	0.007 (3)	0.004 (4)
C10	0.030 (5)	0.034 (4)	0.034 (4)	−0.005 (3)	0.011 (3)	−0.001 (3)
C11	0.020 (4)	0.038 (4)	0.029 (4)	0.003 (3)	0.002 (3)	0.000 (3)
C12	0.046 (5)	0.024 (4)	0.035 (4)	−0.003 (3)	0.011 (4)	−0.002 (3)
C13	0.044 (6)	0.034 (5)	0.053 (5)	−0.010 (4)	0.014 (4)	−0.002 (4)
C14	0.039 (5)	0.036 (5)	0.043 (5)	−0.010 (4)	0.005 (4)	−0.018 (4)
C15	0.039 (5)	0.050 (5)	0.034 (4)	−0.012 (4)	−0.001 (4)	−0.002 (4)
C16	0.036 (5)	0.033 (4)	0.028 (4)	−0.010 (3)	0.010 (3)	0.006 (3)
C17	0.028 (5)	0.045 (5)	0.028 (4)	−0.003 (4)	0.000 (3)	0.002 (3)
C18	0.023 (5)	0.054 (5)	0.042 (5)	−0.005 (4)	0.000 (4)	0.005 (4)
C19	0.032 (5)	0.046 (5)	0.053 (5)	0.004 (4)	0.008 (4)	0.003 (4)
C20	0.047 (6)	0.047 (5)	0.047 (5)	0.008 (4)	−0.002 (4)	0.001 (4)
C21	0.036 (5)	0.036 (5)	0.059 (5)	−0.001 (4)	0.012 (4)	0.012 (4)
C22	0.024 (5)	0.050 (5)	0.044 (5)	−0.002 (4)	0.001 (3)	0.007 (4)

Geometric parameters (Å, °)

Pd1—N1	2.027 (5)	C9—H9	0.9500
Pd1—N2	2.031 (5)	C10—C11	1.402 (9)
Pd1—I1	2.6178 (8)	C10—H10	0.9500
Pd1—I2	2.6244 (8)	C11—H11	0.9500
N1—C1	1.350 (8)	C12—C13	1.369 (9)
N1—C5	1.356 (8)	C12—H12	0.9500
N2—C12	1.328 (8)	C13—C14	1.346 (9)
N2—C16	1.363 (8)	C13—H13	0.9500
C1—C2	1.354 (9)	C14—C15	1.378 (10)
C1—H1	0.9500	C14—H14	0.9500
C2—C3	1.378 (9)	C15—C16	1.415 (9)
C2—H2	0.9500	C15—H15	0.9500
C3—C4	1.372 (9)	C16—C17	1.481 (10)
C3—H3	0.9500	C17—C22	1.386 (10)
C4—C5	1.384 (8)	C17—C18	1.390 (10)
C4—H4	0.9500	C18—C19	1.389 (10)
C5—C6	1.482 (9)	C18—H18	0.9500
C6—C11	1.397 (9)	C19—C20	1.389 (10)
C6—C7	1.397 (9)	C19—H19	0.9500
C7—C8	1.384 (9)	C20—C21	1.381 (11)
C7—H7	0.9500	C20—H20	0.9500
C8—C9	1.370 (10)	C21—C22	1.385 (10)
C8—H8	0.9500	C21—H21	0.9500
C9—C10	1.380 (10)	C22—H22	0.9500
N1—Pd1—N2	178.8 (2)	C9—C10—C11	120.2 (7)
N1—Pd1—I1	88.78 (15)	C9—C10—H10	119.9
N2—Pd1—I1	89.99 (17)	C11—C10—H10	119.9
N1—Pd1—I2	91.51 (15)	C6—C11—C10	119.1 (7)
N2—Pd1—I2	89.71 (17)	C6—C11—H11	120.5
I1—Pd1—I2	179.71 (3)	C10—C11—H11	120.5
C1—N1—C5	118.2 (5)	N2—C12—C13	123.6 (7)
C1—N1—Pd1	115.8 (4)	N2—C12—H12	118.2
C5—N1—Pd1	125.6 (4)	C13—C12—H12	118.2
C12—N2—C16	119.5 (6)	C14—C13—C12	118.3 (7)
C12—N2—Pd1	116.3 (5)	C14—C13—H13	120.8
C16—N2—Pd1	124.0 (5)	C12—C13—H13	120.8
N1—C1—C2	124.0 (6)	C13—C14—C15	120.6 (7)
N1—C1—H1	118.0	C13—C14—H14	119.7
C2—C1—H1	118.0	C15—C14—H14	119.7
C1—C2—C3	118.5 (7)	C14—C15—C16	119.3 (7)
C1—C2—H2	120.7	C14—C15—H15	120.3
C3—C2—H2	120.7	C16—C15—H15	120.3
C4—C3—C2	118.4 (6)	N2—C16—C15	118.6 (7)
C4—C3—H3	120.8	N2—C16—C17	121.9 (6)
C2—C3—H3	120.8	C15—C16—C17	119.5 (7)
C3—C4—C5	121.4 (6)	C22—C17—C18	118.6 (7)
C3—C4—H4	119.3	C22—C17—C16	121.9 (7)
C5—C4—H4	119.3	C18—C17—C16	119.4 (7)
N1—C5—C4	119.6 (6)	C19—C18—C17	120.5 (8)
N1—C5—C6	119.7 (5)	C19—C18—H18	119.8
C4—C5—C6	120.7 (6)	C17—C18—H18	119.8
C11—C6—C7	119.5 (6)	C20—C19—C18	120.3 (8)
C11—C6—C5	121.7 (7)	C20—C19—H19	119.8
C7—C6—C5	118.7 (6)	C18—C19—H19	119.8
C8—C7—C6	120.3 (7)	C21—C20—C19	119.2 (8)
C8—C7—H7	119.8	C21—C20—H20	120.4
C6—C7—H7	119.8	C19—C20—H20	120.4
C9—C8—C7	120.1 (7)	C20—C21—C22	120.4 (8)
C9—C8—H8	119.9	C20—C21—H21	119.8
C7—C8—H8	119.9	C22—C21—H21	119.8
C8—C9—C10	120.6 (7)	C21—C22—C17	121.0 (8)
C8—C9—H9	119.7	C21—C22—H22	119.5
C10—C9—H9	119.7	C17—C22—H22	119.5
I1—Pd1—N1—C1	−100.1 (5)	C8—C9—C10—C11	0.1 (11)
I2—Pd1—N1—C1	79.8 (5)	C7—C6—C11—C10	2.6 (9)
I1—Pd1—N1—C5	72.3 (5)	C5—C6—C11—C10	179.2 (6)
I2—Pd1—N1—C5	−107.7 (5)	C9—C10—C11—C6	−1.2 (10)
I1—Pd1—N2—C12	−78.3 (5)	C16—N2—C12—C13	0.5 (11)
I2—Pd1—N2—C12	101.7 (5)	Pd1—N2—C12—C13	−175.6 (6)
I1—Pd1—N2—C16	105.8 (6)	N2—C12—C13—C14	−1.2 (12)
I2—Pd1—N2—C16	−74.2 (6)	C12—C13—C14—C15	0.9 (12)
C5—N1—C1—C2	−0.7 (10)	C13—C14—C15—C16	0.0 (12)
Pd1—N1—C1—C2	172.3 (6)	C12—N2—C16—C15	0.5 (10)
N1—C1—C2—C3	0.1 (11)	Pd1—N2—C16—C15	176.3 (5)
C1—C2—C3—C4	1.5 (11)	C12—N2—C16—C17	−179.3 (7)
C2—C3—C4—C5	−2.6 (11)	Pd1—N2—C16—C17	−3.5 (10)
C1—N1—C5—C4	−0.3 (9)	C14—C15—C16—N2	−0.7 (11)
Pd1—N1—C5—C4	−172.6 (5)	C14—C15—C16—C17	179.1 (7)
C1—N1—C5—C6	178.5 (6)	N2—C16—C17—C22	−47.9 (10)
Pd1—N1—C5—C6	6.3 (9)	C15—C16—C17—C22	132.3 (8)
C3—C4—C5—N1	2.0 (11)	N2—C16—C17—C18	136.7 (7)
C3—C4—C5—C6	−176.9 (7)	C15—C16—C17—C18	−43.1 (10)
N1—C5—C6—C11	52.8 (9)	C22—C17—C18—C19	1.7 (11)
C4—C5—C6—C11	−128.4 (7)	C16—C17—C18—C19	177.3 (7)
N1—C5—C6—C7	−130.6 (7)	C17—C18—C19—C20	−2.0 (12)
C4—C5—C6—C7	48.2 (9)	C18—C19—C20—C21	1.1 (12)
C11—C6—C7—C8	−3.0 (10)	C19—C20—C21—C22	0.1 (12)
C5—C6—C7—C8	−179.7 (6)	C20—C21—C22—C17	−0.5 (12)
C6—C7—C8—C9	1.9 (11)	C18—C17—C22—C21	−0.5 (11)
C7—C8—C9—C10	−0.5 (11)	C16—C17—C22—C21	−175.9 (7)