Skip to main content
Nucleic Acids Research logoLink to Nucleic Acids Research
. 1979;6(5):1895–1907. doi: 10.1093/nar/6.5.1895

Nucleotide sequence of the three major early promoters of bacteriophage T7.

U Siebenlist
PMCID: PMC327819  PMID: 377234

Abstract

I have determined the nucleotide sequences of the three major early promoters of bacteriophage T7 (A1, A2, A3). The sequences confirm the two main homologies found between other known promoters for E. coli RNA polymerase (nucleoside triphosphate:RNA nucleotidyl transferase, E.C. 2. 7. 7. 6). In particular, all three T7 promoters show a very good match with the -35 region homology; the A2 and A3 promoters share a 17 basepair sequence in this region. On the other hand, the match with the Pribnow Box homology is much less pronounced and different for each T7 promoter.

Full text

PDF
1895

Images in this article

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Calos M. P. DNA sequence for a low-level promoter of the lac repressor gene and an 'up' promoter mutation. Nature. 1978 Aug 24;274(5673):762–765. doi: 10.1038/274762a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Dausse J. P., Sentenac A., Fromageot P. Interaction of RNA polymerase from Escherichia coli with DNA. Effect of temperature and ionic strength on selection of T7 DNA early promoters. Eur J Biochem. 1976 Jun 1;65(2):387–393. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1976.tb10352.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Dhar R., Weissman S. M., Zain B. S., Pan J., Lewis A. M., Jr The nucleotide sequence preceding an RNA polymerase initiation site on SV40 DNA. Part 2. The sequence of the early strand transcript. Nucleic Acids Res. 1974 Apr;1(4):595–611. doi: 10.1093/nar/1.4.595. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Dickson R. C., Abelson J., Barnes W. M., Reznikoff W. S. Genetic regulation: the Lac control region. Science. 1975 Jan 10;187(4171):27–35. doi: 10.1126/science.1088926. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Donis-Keller H., Maxam A. M., Gilbert W. Mapping adenines, guanines, and pyrimidines in RNA. Nucleic Acids Res. 1977 Aug;4(8):2527–2538. doi: 10.1093/nar/4.8.2527. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Hinkle D. C., Chamberlin M. J. Studies of the binding of Escherichia coli RNA polymerase to DNA. I. The role of sigma subunit in site selection. J Mol Biol. 1972 Sep 28;70(2):157–185. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(72)90531-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Hsieh T., Wang J. C. Physicochomecial studies on interactions between DNA and RNA polymerase. Isolation and mapping of a T7 DNA fragment containing the early promoters for Escherichia coli RNA polymerase. Biochemistry. 1976 Dec 28;15(26):5776–5783. doi: 10.1021/bi00671a014. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Kleid D., Humayun Z., Jeffrey A., Ptashne M. Novel properties of a restriction endonuclease isolated from Haemophilus parahaemolyticus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1976 Feb;73(2):293–297. doi: 10.1073/pnas.73.2.293. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Koller T., Kübler O., Portmann R., Sogo J. M. High resolution physical mapping of specific binding sites of Escherichia coli RNA polymerase on the DNA of bacteriophage T7 . J Mol Biol. 1978 Mar 25;120(1):121–131. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(78)90298-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Maniatis T., Jeffrey A., Kleid D. G. Nucleotide sequence of the rightward operator of phage lambda. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1975 Mar;72(3):1184–1188. doi: 10.1073/pnas.72.3.1184. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Maniatis T., Ptashne M., Backman K., Kield D., Flashman S., Jeffrey A., Maurer R. Recognition sequences of repressor and polymerase in the operators of bacteriophage lambda. Cell. 1975 Jun;5(2):109–113. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(75)90018-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Maniatis T., Ptashne M., Barrell B. G., Donelson J. Sequence of a repressor-binding site in the DNA of bacteriophage lamda. Nature. 1974 Aug 2;250(465):394–397. doi: 10.1038/250394a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Maxam A. M., Gilbert W. A new method for sequencing DNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Feb;74(2):560–564. doi: 10.1073/pnas.74.2.560. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Meyer B. J., Kleid D. G., Ptashne M. Lambda repressor turns off transcription of its own gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1975 Dec;72(12):4785–4789. doi: 10.1073/pnas.72.12.4785. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Minkley E. G., Pribnow D. Transcription of the early region of bacteriophage T7: selective initiation with dinucleotides. J Mol Biol. 1973 Jun 25;77(2):255–277. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(73)90335-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Musso R. E., Di Lauro R., Adhya S., de Crombrugghe B. Dual control for transcription of the galactose operon by cyclic AMP and its receptor protein at two interspersed promoters. Cell. 1977 Nov;12(3):847–854. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(77)90283-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Musso R., Di Lauro R., Rosenberg M., de Crombrugghe B. Nucleotide sequence of the operator-promoter region of the galactose operon of Escherichia coli. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Jan;74(1):106–110. doi: 10.1073/pnas.74.1.106. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Pribnow D. Bacteriophage T7 early promoters: nucleotide sequences of two RNA polymerase binding sites. J Mol Biol. 1975 Dec 15;99(3):419–443. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(75)80136-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Pribnow D. Nucleotide sequence of an RNA polymerase binding site at an early T7 promoter. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1975 Mar;72(3):784–788. doi: 10.1073/pnas.72.3.784. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Ptashne M., Backman K., Humayun M. Z., Jeffrey A., Maurer R., Meyer B., Sauer R. T. Autoregulation and function of a repressor in bacteriophage lambda. Science. 1976 Oct 8;194(4261):156–161. doi: 10.1126/science.959843. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Roberts R. J., Myers P. A., Morrison A., Murray K. A specific endonuclease from Arthrobacter luteus. J Mol Biol. 1976 Mar 25;102(1):157–165. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(76)90079-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Sanger F., Air G. M., Barrell B. G., Brown N. L., Coulson A. R., Fiddes C. A., Hutchison C. A., Slocombe P. M., Smith M. Nucleotide sequence of bacteriophage phi X174 DNA. Nature. 1977 Feb 24;265(5596):687–695. doi: 10.1038/265687a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Saucier J. M., Wang J. C. Angular alteration of the DNA helix by E. coli RNA polymerase. Nat New Biol. 1972 Oct 11;239(93):167–170. doi: 10.1038/newbio239167a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Schaller H., Gray C., Herrmann K. Nucleotide sequence of an RNA polymerase binding site from the DNA of bacteriophage fd. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1975 Feb;72(2):737–741. doi: 10.1073/pnas.72.2.737. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Schaller H., Gray C., Herrmann K. Nucleotide sequence of an RNA polymerase binding site from the DNA of bacteriophage fd. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1975 Feb;72(2):737–741. doi: 10.1073/pnas.72.2.737. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Scherer G., Hobom G., Kössel H. DNA base sequence of the po promoter region of phage lamdba. Nature. 1977 Jan 13;265(5590):117–121. doi: 10.1038/265117a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Seeburg P. H., Nüsslein C., Schaller H. Interaction of RNA polymerase with promoters from bacteriophage fd. Eur J Biochem. 1977 Mar 15;74(1):107–113. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1977.tb11372.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Sugimoto K., Okamoto T., Sugisaki H., Takanami M. The nucleotide sequence of an RNA polymerase binding site on bacteriophage fd DNA. Nature. 1975 Feb 6;253(5491):410–414. doi: 10.1038/253410a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Takanami M., Sugimoto K., Sugisaki H., Okamoto T. Sequence of promoter for coat protein gene of bacteriophage fd. Nature. 1976 Mar 25;260(5549):297–302. doi: 10.1038/260297a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Walz A., Pirrotta V., Ineichen K. Lambda repressor regulates the switch between PR and Prm promoters. Nature. 1976 Aug 19;262(5570):665–669. doi: 10.1038/262665a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Walz A., Pirrotta V. Sequence of the PR promoter of phage lambda. Nature. 1975 Mar 13;254(5496):118–121. doi: 10.1038/254118a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Williams R. C. Use of polylysine for adsorption of nuclei acids and enzymes to electron microscope specimen films. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Jun;74(6):2311–2315. doi: 10.1073/pnas.74.6.2311. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Nucleic Acids Research are provided here courtesy of Oxford University Press

RESOURCES