Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Nucleic Acids Research logoLink to Nucleic Acids Research
. 1991 Sep 11;19(17):4731–4738. doi: 10.1093/nar/19.17.4731

Medium reiteration frequency repetitive sequences in the human genome.

D J Kaplan 1, J Jurka 1, J F Solus 1, C H Duncan 1
PMCID: PMC328716  PMID: 1891362

Abstract

Fourteen novel medium reiteration frequency (MER) families were found, in the human genome, by using two different methods. Repetition frequencies per haploid human genome were estimated for each of these families as well as for six previously described MER DNA families. By these measurements, the families were found to contain variable numbers of elements, ranging from 200 to 10,000 copies per haploid human genome.

Full text

PDF
4731

Images in this article

4733Image
on p.4733

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Akahori Y., Handa H., Imai K., Abe M., Kameyama K., Hibiya M., Yasui H., Okamura K., Naito M., Matsuoka H. Sigma region located between C mu and C delta genes of human immunoglobulin heavy chain: possible involvement of tRNA-like structure in RNA splicing. Nucleic Acids Res. 1988 Oct 25;16(20):9497–9511. doi: 10.1093/nar/16.20.9497. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Benton W. D., Davis R. W. Screening lambdagt recombinant clones by hybridization to single plaques in situ. Science. 1977 Apr 8;196(4286):180–182. doi: 10.1126/science.322279. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Bosma P. J., Kooistra T., Siemieniak D. R., Slightom J. L. Further characterization of the 5'-flanking DNA of the gene encoding human plasminogen activator inhibitor-1. Gene. 1991 Apr;100:261–266. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(91)90378-o. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Brunner A. M., Schimenti J. C., Duncan C. H. Dual evolutionary modes in the bovine globin locus. Biochemistry. 1986 Sep 9;25(18):5028–5035. doi: 10.1021/bi00366a009. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Chen I. T., Roufa D. J. The transcriptionally active human ribosomal protein S17 gene. Gene. 1988 Oct 15;70(1):107–116. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(88)90109-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Degen S. J., Rajput B., Reich E. The human tissue plasminogen activator gene. J Biol Chem. 1986 May 25;261(15):6972–6985. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Feinberg A. P., Vogelstein B. A technique for radiolabeling DNA restriction endonuclease fragments to high specific activity. Anal Biochem. 1983 Jul 1;132(1):6–13. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(83)90418-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Fisher E. M., Alitalo T., Luoh S. W., de la Chapelle A., Page D. C. Human sex-chromosome-specific repeats within a region of pseudoautosomal/Yq homology. Genomics. 1990 Aug;7(4):625–628. doi: 10.1016/0888-7543(90)90209-d. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Houck C. M., Rinehart F. P., Schmid C. W. A ubiquitous family of repeated DNA sequences in the human genome. J Mol Biol. 1979 Aug 15;132(3):289–306. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(79)90261-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Jurka J. Novel families of interspersed repetitive elements from the human genome. Nucleic Acids Res. 1990 Jan 11;18(1):137–141. doi: 10.1093/nar/18.1.137. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Kaplan D. J., Duncan C. H. Novel short interspersed repeat in human DNA. Nucleic Acids Res. 1990 Jan 11;18(1):192–192. doi: 10.1093/nar/18.1.192. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Kariya Y., Kato K., Hayashizaki Y., Himeno S., Tarui S., Matsubara K. Revision of consensus sequence of human Alu repeats--a review. Gene. 1987;53(1):1–10. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(87)90087-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Kurachi K., Davie E. W., Strydom D. J., Riordan J. F., Vallee B. L. Sequence of the cDNA and gene for angiogenin, a human angiogenesis factor. Biochemistry. 1985 Sep 24;24(20):5494–5499. doi: 10.1021/bi00341a032. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Lawrance S. K., Das H. K., Pan J., Weissman S. M. The genomic organisation and nucleotide sequence of the HLA-SB(DP) alpha gene. Nucleic Acids Res. 1985 Oct 25;13(20):7515–7528. doi: 10.1093/nar/13.20.7515. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Mackman N., Morrissey J. H., Fowler B., Edgington T. S. Complete sequence of the human tissue factor gene, a highly regulated cellular receptor that initiates the coagulation protease cascade. Biochemistry. 1989 Feb 21;28(4):1755–1762. doi: 10.1021/bi00430a050. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Martin S. L., Voliva C. F., Burton F. H., Edgell M. H., Hutchison C. A., 3rd A large interspersed repeat found in mouse DNA contains a long open reading frame that evolves as if it encodes a protein. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Apr;81(8):2308–2312. doi: 10.1073/pnas.81.8.2308. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Means G. D., Mahendroo M. S., Corbin C. J., Mathis J. M., Powell F. E., Mendelson C. R., Simpson E. R. Structural analysis of the gene encoding human aromatase cytochrome P-450, the enzyme responsible for estrogen biosynthesis. J Biol Chem. 1989 Nov 15;264(32):19385–19391. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Mermer B., Colb M., Krontiris T. G. A family of short, interspersed repeats is associated with tandemly repetitive DNA in the human genome. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 May;84(10):3320–3324. doi: 10.1073/pnas.84.10.3320. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Morrow C. S., Goldsmith M. E., Cowan K. H. Regulation of human glutathione S-transferase pi gene transcription: influence of 5'-flanking sequences and trans-activating factors which recognize AP-1-binding sites. Gene. 1990 Apr 16;88(2):215–225. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(90)90034-o. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Myerowitz R., Hogikyan N. D. A deletion involving Alu sequences in the beta-hexosaminidase alpha-chain gene of French Canadians with Tay-Sachs disease. J Biol Chem. 1987 Nov 15;262(32):15396–15399. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Neal M. W., Florini J. R. A rapid method for desalting small volumes of solution. Anal Biochem. 1973 Sep;55(1):328–330. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(73)90325-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Paulson K. E., Deka N., Schmid C. W., Misra R., Schindler C. W., Rush M. G., Kadyk L., Leinwand L. A transposon-like element in human DNA. Nature. 1985 Jul 25;316(6026):359–361. doi: 10.1038/316359a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Picado-Leonard J., Miller W. L. Cloning and sequence of the human gene for P450c17 (steroid 17 alpha-hydroxylase/17,20 lyase): similarity with the gene for P450c21. DNA. 1987 Oct;6(5):439–448. doi: 10.1089/dna.1987.6.439. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Rogan P. K., Pan J., Weissman S. M. L1 repeat elements in the human epsilon-G gamma-globin gene intergenic region: sequence analysis and concerted evolution within this family. Mol Biol Evol. 1987 Jul;4(4):327–342. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a040448. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Safrany G., Hidvegi E. J. New tandem repeat region in the non-transcribed spacer of human ribosomal RNA gene. Nucleic Acids Res. 1989 Apr 25;17(8):3013–3022. doi: 10.1093/nar/17.8.3013. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Saiki R. K., Gelfand D. H., Stoffel S., Scharf S. J., Higuchi R., Horn G. T., Mullis K. B., Erlich H. A. Primer-directed enzymatic amplification of DNA with a thermostable DNA polymerase. Science. 1988 Jan 29;239(4839):487–491. doi: 10.1126/science.2448875. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Sanger F., Nicklen S., Coulson A. R. DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Dec;74(12):5463–5467. doi: 10.1073/pnas.74.12.5463. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Savatier P., Trabuchet G., Chebloune Y., Faure C., Verdier G., Nigon V. M. Nucleotide sequence of the delta-beta-globin intergenic segment in the macaque: structure and evolutionary rates in higher primates. J Mol Evol. 1987;24(4):297–308. doi: 10.1007/BF02134128. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Sekiya T., Tokunaga A., Fushimi M. Essential region for transforming activity of human c-Ha-ras-1. Jpn J Cancer Res. 1985 Sep;76(9):787–791. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Sheflin L., Celeste A., Woodworth-Gutai M. Recombination in simian virus 40-infected cells. Structure of naturally arising variants ev-2114, ev-2102, and ev-1110. J Biol Chem. 1983 Dec 10;258(23):14315–14321. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Southern E. M. Detection of specific sequences among DNA fragments separated by gel electrophoresis. J Mol Biol. 1975 Nov 5;98(3):503–517. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(75)80083-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Sun L., Paulson K. E., Schmid C. W., Kadyk L., Leinwand L. Non-Alu family interspersed repeats in human DNA and their transcriptional activity. Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Mar 26;12(6):2669–2690. doi: 10.1093/nar/12.6.2669. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Tabor S., Richardson C. C. DNA sequence analysis with a modified bacteriophage T7 DNA polymerase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Jul;84(14):4767–4771. doi: 10.1073/pnas.84.14.4767. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Thomas P. S. Hybridization of denatured RNA and small DNA fragments transferred to nitrocellulose. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Sep;77(9):5201–5205. doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.9.5201. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. Wakamiya T., McCutchan T., Rosenberg M., Singer M. Structure of simian virus 40 recombinants that contain both host and viral DNA sequences. I. The structure of variant CVPS/1/P2 (EcoRI res). J Biol Chem. 1979 May 10;254(9):3584–3591. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  36. Waye J. S., England S. B., Willard H. F. Genomic organization of alpha satellite DNA on human chromosome 7: evidence for two distinct alphoid domains on a single chromosome. Mol Cell Biol. 1987 Jan;7(1):349–356. doi: 10.1128/mcb.7.1.349. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  37. Yanisch-Perron C., Vieira J., Messing J. Improved M13 phage cloning vectors and host strains: nucleotide sequences of the M13mp18 and pUC19 vectors. Gene. 1985;33(1):103–119. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(85)90120-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  38. den Dunnen J. T., van Neck J. W., Cremers F. P., Lubsen N. H., Schoenmakers J. G. Nucleotide sequence of the rat gamma-crystallin gene region and comparison with an orthologous human region. Gene. 1989 May 30;78(2):201–213. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(89)90223-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Nucleic Acids Research are provided here courtesy of Oxford University Press

RESOURCES