2-OST morphants display reduced levels of 2-OST protein and reduced levels of 35S incorporation. (A) By western blot, levels of 2-OST protein were shown to be statistically significantly reduced by roughly half using both 2-OST MO1 and MO2 compared with WT and control embryos at 4 hpf. The antibody was validated using 2-OST RNA, with degradation product or altered post-translational modifications beneath the band, and 2-OST-EGFP RNA (two embryos/lane/sample, n=4 experiments). Quantification of protein levels was normalized to uninjected levels of 2-OST relative to the total levels of α-tubulin per sample. (B) WT, control MO and 2-OST MO embryos were injected with 1 nl 10 mCi 35S, grown for five hours, and collected at 8 hpf (n=3, 90 embryos group/n). Protein purification was performed to isolate radiolabeled GAG chains and cpu per embryo was calculated based on liquid scintillation counting results. (C) Ratio of 35S incorporation per embryo was normalized to WT. The 2-OST morphants exhibit a nearly 80% decreased rate of incorporation of 35S compared with WT and control morphants. *P<0.05. Error bars represent s.d.