Skip to main content
PMC home page
Nucleic Acids Research logoLink to Nucleic Acids Research
. 1990 Jan 11;18(1):23–34. doi: 10.1093/nar/18.1.23

Analysis of the rat JE gene promoter identifies an AP-1 binding site essential for basal expression but not for TPA induction.

H T Timmers 1, G J Pronk 1, J L Bos 1, A J van der Eb 1
PMCID: PMC330199  PMID: 2106664

Abstract

We have cloned the immediate-early serum-reponsive JE gene from the rat in order to study the regulation of this gene. We show that sequences of the JE promoter region confer serum-inducibility to a reporter gene. Analysis of the promoter in transient assays reveals that: i) the -141/-88 region is required for the response to the phorbol ester TPA, ii) the -70/-38 region is essential for basal activity. This latter region harbors the sequence TGACTCC, which resembles the consensus site for AP-1 binding, TGACTCA. DNA-protein binding assays indicate that the JE AP-1 site and the consensus AP-1 site have an overlapping but not identical binding spectrum for AP-1 proteins. Our data suggest that the inability of some AP-1 sites to respond to TPA is caused by subtle differences in affinity for AP-1 proteins.

Full text

PDF
23

Images in this article

28Image
on p.28
29Image
on p.29
30Image
on p.30
31Image
on p.31
31Image
on p.31
32Image
on p.32
32Image
on p.32

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Almendral J. M., Sommer D., Macdonald-Bravo H., Burckhardt J., Perera J., Bravo R. Complexity of the early genetic response to growth factors in mouse fibroblasts. Mol Cell Biol. 1988 May;8(5):2140–2148. doi: 10.1128/mcb.8.5.2140. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Angel P., Baumann I., Stein B., Delius H., Rahmsdorf H. J., Herrlich P. 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate induction of the human collagenase gene is mediated by an inducible enhancer element located in the 5'-flanking region. Mol Cell Biol. 1987 Jun;7(6):2256–2266. doi: 10.1128/mcb.7.6.2256. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Breathnach R., Chambon P. Organization and expression of eucaryotic split genes coding for proteins. Annu Rev Biochem. 1981;50:349–383. doi: 10.1146/annurev.bi.50.070181.002025. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Buratowski S., Hahn S., Guarente L., Sharp P. A. Five intermediate complexes in transcription initiation by RNA polymerase II. Cell. 1989 Feb 24;56(4):549–561. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(89)90578-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Cochran B. H., Reffel A. C., Stiles C. D. Molecular cloning of gene sequences regulated by platelet-derived growth factor. Cell. 1983 Jul;33(3):939–947. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(83)90037-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Cole M. D. The myc oncogene: its role in transformation and differentiation. Annu Rev Genet. 1986;20:361–384. doi: 10.1146/annurev.ge.20.120186.002045. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Dani C., Mechti N., Piechaczyk M., Lebleu B., Jeanteur P., Blanchard J. M. Increased rate of degradation of c-myc mRNA in interferon-treated Daudi cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Aug;82(15):4896–4899. doi: 10.1073/pnas.82.15.4896. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Denhardt D. T., Edwards D. R., Parfett C. L. Gene expression during the mammalian cell cycle. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1986 Oct 28;865(2):83–125. doi: 10.1016/0304-419x(86)90024-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Dery C. V., Herrmann C. H., Mathews M. B. Response of individual adenovirus promoters to the products of the E1A gene. Oncogene. 1987;2(1):15–23. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Devereux J., Haeberli P., Smithies O. A comprehensive set of sequence analysis programs for the VAX. Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Jan 11;12(1 Pt 1):387–395. doi: 10.1093/nar/12.1part1.387. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Geliebter J., Zeff R. A., Melvold R. W., Nathenson S. G. Mitotic recombination in germ cells generated two major histocompatibility complex mutant genes shown to be identical by RNA sequence analysis: Kbm9 and Kbm6. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 May;83(10):3371–3375. doi: 10.1073/pnas.83.10.3371. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Gorman C. M., Moffat L. F., Howard B. H. Recombinant genomes which express chloramphenicol acetyltransferase in mammalian cells. Mol Cell Biol. 1982 Sep;2(9):1044–1051. doi: 10.1128/mcb.2.9.1044. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Greenberg M. E., Ziff E. B. Stimulation of 3T3 cells induces transcription of the c-fos proto-oncogene. Nature. 1984 Oct 4;311(5985):433–438. doi: 10.1038/311433a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Hall D. J., Alberta J. A., Stiles C. D. Labile repressors are involved in the transcriptional control of PDGF-responsive genes. Oncogene Res. 1989;4(3):177–184. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Hall D. J., Stiles C. D. Platelet-derived growth factor-inducible genes respond differentially to at least two distinct intracellular second messengers. J Biol Chem. 1987 Nov 5;262(31):15302–15308. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Jochemsen A. G., Peltenburg L. T., te Pas M. F., de Wit C. M., Bos J. L., van der Eb A. J. Activation of adenovirus 5 E1A transcription by region E1B in transformed primary rat cells. EMBO J. 1987 Nov;6(11):3399–3405. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1987.tb02663.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Johnson P. F., McKnight S. L. Eukaryotic transcriptional regulatory proteins. Annu Rev Biochem. 1989;58:799–839. doi: 10.1146/annurev.bi.58.070189.004055. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Kawahara R. S., Deuel T. F. Platelet-derived growth factor-inducible gene JE is a member of a family of small inducible genes related to platelet factor 4. J Biol Chem. 1989 Jan 15;264(2):679–682. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Kramer W., Drutsa V., Jansen H. W., Kramer B., Pflugfelder M., Fritz H. J. The gapped duplex DNA approach to oligonucleotide-directed mutation construction. Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Dec 21;12(24):9441–9456. doi: 10.1093/nar/12.24.9441. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Laird-Offringa I. A., Elfferich P., Knaken H. J., de Ruiter J., van der Eb A. J. Analysis of polyadenylation site usage of the c-myc oncogene. Nucleic Acids Res. 1989 Aug 25;17(16):6499–6514. doi: 10.1093/nar/17.16.6499. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Lau L. F., Nathans D. Identification of a set of genes expressed during the G0/G1 transition of cultured mouse cells. EMBO J. 1985 Dec 1;4(12):3145–3151. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1985.tb04057.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Lee W., Mitchell P., Tjian R. Purified transcription factor AP-1 interacts with TPA-inducible enhancer elements. Cell. 1987 Jun 19;49(6):741–752. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(87)90612-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Manley J. L. Polyadenylation of mRNA precursors. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1988 May 6;950(1):1–12. doi: 10.1016/0167-4781(88)90067-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Marsh J. L., Erfle M., Wykes E. J. The pIC plasmid and phage vectors with versatile cloning sites for recombinant selection by insertional inactivation. Gene. 1984 Dec;32(3):481–485. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(84)90022-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Müller R., Bravo R., Burckhardt J., Curran T. Induction of c-fos gene and protein by growth factors precedes activation of c-myc. Nature. 1984 Dec 20;312(5996):716–720. doi: 10.1038/312716a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Nelsen B., Hellman L., Sen R. The NF-kappa B-binding site mediates phorbol ester-inducible transcription in nonlymphoid cells. Mol Cell Biol. 1988 Aug;8(8):3526–3531. doi: 10.1128/mcb.8.8.3526. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Padgett R. A., Grabowski P. J., Konarska M. M., Seiler S., Sharp P. A. Splicing of messenger RNA precursors. Annu Rev Biochem. 1986;55:1119–1150. doi: 10.1146/annurev.bi.55.070186.005351. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Prpic V., Yu S. F., Figueiredo F., Hollenbach P. W., Gawdi G., Herman B., Uhing R. J., Adams D. O. Role of Na+/H+ exchange by interferon-gamma in enhanced expression of JE and I-A beta genes. Science. 1989 Apr 28;244(4903):469–471. doi: 10.1126/science.2541500. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Rahmsdorf H. J., Schönthal A., Angel P., Litfin M., Rüther U., Herrlich P. Posttranscriptional regulation of c-fos mRNA expression. Nucleic Acids Res. 1987 Feb 25;15(4):1643–1659. doi: 10.1093/nar/15.4.1643. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Ran W., Dean M., Levine R. A., Henkle C., Campisi J. Induction of c-fos and c-myc mRNA by epidermal growth factor or calcium ionophore is cAMP dependent. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Nov;83(21):8216–8220. doi: 10.1073/pnas.83.21.8216. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Rollins B. J., Morrison E. D., Stiles C. D. Cloning and expression of JE, a gene inducible by platelet-derived growth factor and whose product has cytokine-like properties. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Jun;85(11):3738–3742. doi: 10.1073/pnas.85.11.3738. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Sanger F., Nicklen S., Coulson A. R. DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Dec;74(12):5463–5467. doi: 10.1073/pnas.74.12.5463. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Sharma A., Bos T. J., Pekkala-Flagan A., Vogt P. K., Lee A. S. Interaction of cellular factors related to the Jun oncoprotein with the promoter of a replication-dependent hamster histone H3.2 gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Jan;86(2):491–495. doi: 10.1073/pnas.86.2.491. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Smale S. T., Baltimore D. The "initiator" as a transcription control element. Cell. 1989 Apr 7;57(1):103–113. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(89)90176-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. Southern P. J., Berg P. Transformation of mammalian cells to antibiotic resistance with a bacterial gene under control of the SV40 early region promoter. J Mol Appl Genet. 1982;1(4):327–341. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  36. Timmers H. T., De Wit D., Bos J. L., Van der Eb A. J. E1A products of adenoviruses reduce the expression of cellular proliferation-associated genes. Oncogene Res. 1988;3(1):67–76. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  37. Timmers H. T., van Dam H., Pronk G. J., Bos J. L., Van der Eb A. J. Adenovirus E1A represses transcription of the cellular JE gene. J Virol. 1989 Mar;63(3):1470–1473. doi: 10.1128/jvi.63.3.1470-1473.1989. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  38. Visvanathan K. V., Goodbourn S. Double-stranded RNA activates binding of NF-kappa B to an inducible element in the human beta-interferon promoter. EMBO J. 1989 Apr;8(4):1129–1138. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1989.tb03483.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  39. Zullo J. N., Cochran B. H., Huang A. S., Stiles C. D. Platelet-derived growth factor and double-stranded ribonucleic acids stimulate expression of the same genes in 3T3 cells. Cell. 1985 Dec;43(3 Pt 2):793–800. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(85)90252-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Nucleic Acids Research are provided here courtesy of Oxford University Press

RESOURCES