Abstract
Interaction of RecA protein of Escherichia coli with pBR322 DNA modified by N-hydroxy-2-acetylaminofluorene (N-OH-AAF) and 4-hydroxyaminoquinoline 1-oxide (4HAQO) was investigated. RecA protein bound more efficiently to modified DNA than to unmodified DNA as judged by filter-binding and gel electrophoresis assay. The binding of RecA protein with modified DNA resulted in the stimulation of ATPase activity and the activation for RecA protein to stimulate the repressor cleavage. These abilities of RecA protein were increased proportionally to the number of adducts in the plasmid DNA (0-5 adducts). Apurinic and alkylated DNA did not activate RecA protein. We suggest that modification of DNA by N-OH-AAF and 4HAQO provides binding sites for RecA protein and may act as an activation signal for SOS response.
Full text
PDF







Images in this article
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- BERG P. The chemical synthesis of amino acyladenylates. J Biol Chem. 1958 Sep;233(3):608–611. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Bailleul B., Galiègue-Zouitina S., Loucheux-Lefebvre M. H. Conformations of poly(dG-dC).poly(dG-dC) modified by the O-acetyl derivative of the carcinogen 4-hydroxyaminoquinoline 1-oxide. Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Oct 25;12(20):7915–7927. doi: 10.1093/nar/12.20.7915. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Bichara M., Fuchs R. P. DNA binding and mutation spectra of the carcinogen N-2-aminofluorene in Escherichia coli. A correlation between the conformation of the premutagenic lesion and the mutation specificity. J Mol Biol. 1985 Jun 5;183(3):341–351. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(85)90005-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Blaho J. A., Wells R. D. Left-handed Z-DNA binding by the recA protein of Escherichia coli. J Biol Chem. 1987 May 5;262(13):6082–6088. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Cox M. M., Lehman I. R. Enzymes of general recombination. Annu Rev Biochem. 1987;56:229–262. doi: 10.1146/annurev.bi.56.070187.001305. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Drinkwater N. R., Miller E. C., Miller J. A. Estimation of apurinic/apyrimidinic sites and phosphotriesters in deoxyribonucleic acid treated with electrophilic carcinogens and mutagens. Biochemistry. 1980 Oct 28;19(22):5087–5092. doi: 10.1021/bi00563a023. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Fuchs R. P. In vitro recognition of carcinogen-induced local denaturation sites native DNA by S1 endonuclease from Aspergillus oryzae. Nature. 1975 Sep 11;257(5522):151–152. doi: 10.1038/257151a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Fuchs R. P., Lefevre J. F., Pouyet J., Daune M. P. Comparative orientation of the fluorene residue in native DNA modified by N-acetoxy-N-2-acetylaminofluorene and two 7-halogeno derivatives. Biochemistry. 1976 Jul 27;15(15):3347–3351. doi: 10.1021/bi00660a027. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Galiègue-Zouitina S., Bailleul B., Ginot Y. M., Perly B., Vigny P., Loucheux-Lefebvre M. H. N2-guanyl and N6-adenyl arylation of chicken erythrocyte DNA by the ultimate carcinogen of 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide. Cancer Res. 1986 Apr;46(4 Pt 1):1858–1863. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gotoh O., Wada A., Tada M., Tada M. Base and base sequence specificity of the binding of 4-hydroxyaminoquinoline 1-oxide to DNA. Gan. 1978 Feb;69(1):61–66. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Horii T., Ogawa T., Nakatani T., Hase T., Matsubara H., Ogawa H. Regulation of SOS functions: purification of E. coli LexA protein and determination of its specific site cleaved by the RecA protein. Cell. 1981 Dec;27(3 Pt 2):515–522. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(81)90393-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ikenaga M., Ichikawa-Ryo H., Kondo S. The major cause of inactivation and mutation by 4-nitroquinoline 1-oixde in Escherichia coli: excisable 4NQO-purine adducts. J Mol Biol. 1975 Feb 25;92(2):341–356. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(75)90233-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kowalczykowski S. C., Clow J., Krupp R. A. Properties of the duplex DNA-dependent ATPase activity of Escherichia coli RecA protein and its role in branch migration. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 May;84(10):3127–3131. doi: 10.1073/pnas.84.10.3127. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kriek E., Spelt C. E. Differential excision from DNA of the C-8 deoxyguanosine reaction products of N-hydroxy-2-aminofluorene and N-acetoxy-N-acetyl-2-aminofluorene by endonuclease S1 from Aspergillus oryzae. Cancer Lett. 1979 Jul;7(2-3):147–154. doi: 10.1016/s0304-3835(79)80110-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kuramitsu S., Hamaguchi K., Ogawa T., Ogawa H. A large-scale preparation and some physicochemical properties of recA protein. J Biochem. 1981 Oct;90(4):1033–1045. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a133555. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Laemmli U. K. Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4. Nature. 1970 Aug 15;227(5259):680–685. doi: 10.1038/227680a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Leahy M. C., Radding C. M. Topography of the interaction of recA protein with single-stranded deoxyoligonucleotides. J Biol Chem. 1986 May 25;261(15):6954–6960. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lilley D. M. The inverted repeat as a recognizable structural feature in supercoiled DNA molecules. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Nov;77(11):6468–6472. doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.11.6468. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Little J. W., Edmiston S. H., Pacelli L. Z., Mount D. W. Cleavage of the Escherichia coli lexA protein by the recA protease. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Jun;77(6):3225–3229. doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.6.3225. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Little J. W., Mount D. W. The SOS regulatory system of Escherichia coli. Cell. 1982 May;29(1):11–22. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(82)90085-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lu C., Echols H. RecA protein and SOS. Correlation of mutagenesis phenotype with binding of mutant RecA proteins to duplex DNA and LexA cleavage. J Mol Biol. 1987 Aug 5;196(3):497–504. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(87)90027-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lu C., Scheuermann R. H., Echols H. Capacity of RecA protein to bind preferentially to UV lesions and inhibit the editing subunit (epsilon) of DNA polymerase III: a possible mechanism for SOS-induced targeted mutagenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Feb;83(3):619–623. doi: 10.1073/pnas.83.3.619. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- McEntee K., Weinstock G. M., Lehman I. R. Binding of the recA protein of Escherichia coli to single- and double-stranded DNA. J Biol Chem. 1981 Aug 25;256(16):8835–8844. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Miller J. H., Low K. B. Specificity of mutagenesis resulting from the induction of the SOS system in the absence of mutagenic treatment. Cell. 1984 Jun;37(2):675–682. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(84)90400-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- NAKADA D., ANDERSON I. A., MAGASANIK B. FATE OF THE RIBOSOMAL RNA PRODUCED BY A "RELAXED" MUTANT OF ESCHERICHIA COLI. J Mol Biol. 1964 Aug;9:472–488. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(64)80220-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Nordheim A., Lafer E. M., Peck L. J., Wang J. C., Stollar B. D., Rich A. Negatively supercoiled plasmids contain left-handed Z-DNA segments as detected by specific antibody binding. Cell. 1982 Dec;31(2 Pt 1):309–318. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(82)90124-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Oda Y., Nakamura S., Oki I., Kato T., Shinagawa H. Evaluation of the new system (umu-test) for the detection of environmental mutagens and carcinogens. Mutat Res. 1985 Oct;147(5):219–229. doi: 10.1016/0165-1161(85)90062-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Pugh B. F., Cox M. M. General mechanism for RecA protein binding to duplex DNA. J Mol Biol. 1988 Sep 20;203(2):479–493. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(88)90014-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Quillardet P., Hofnung M. Induction by UV light of the SOS function sfiA in Escherichia coli strains deficient or proficient in excision repair. J Bacteriol. 1984 Jan;157(1):35–38. doi: 10.1128/jb.157.1.35-38.1984. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Quillardet P., de Bellecombe C., Hofnung M. The SOS Chromotest, a colorimetric bacterial assay for genotoxins: validation study with 83 compounds. Mutat Res. 1985 Jun;147(3):79–95. doi: 10.1016/0165-1161(85)90021-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ruiz-Rubio M., Bridges B. A. Mutagenic DNA repair in Escherichia coli. XIV. Influence of two DNA polymerase III mutator alleles on spontaneous and UV mutagenesis. Mol Gen Genet. 1987 Jul;208(3):542–548. doi: 10.1007/BF00328153. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sage E., Leng M. Conformation of poly(dG-dC) . poly(dG-dC) modified by the carcinogens N-acetoxy-N-acetyl-2-aminofluorene and N-hydroxy-N-2-aminofluorene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Aug;77(8):4597–4601. doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.8.4597. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sancar A., Franklin K. A., Sancar G., Tang M. S. Repair of psoralen and acetylaminofluorene DNA adducts by ABC excinuclease. J Mol Biol. 1985 Aug 20;184(4):725–734. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(85)90316-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sancar A., Rupp W. D. A novel repair enzyme: UVRABC excision nuclease of Escherichia coli cuts a DNA strand on both sides of the damaged region. Cell. 1983 May;33(1):249–260. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(83)90354-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Schaaper R. M., Loeb L. A. Depurination causes mutations in SOS-induced cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Mar;78(3):1773–1777. doi: 10.1073/pnas.78.3.1773. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Singleton C. K., Klysik J., Stirdivant S. M., Wells R. D. Left-handed Z-DNA is induced by supercoiling in physiological ionic conditions. Nature. 1982 Sep 23;299(5881):312–316. doi: 10.1038/299312a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Tada M., Morita T. Immunochemical approach for the characterization of DNA damages induced by chemical carcinogens. Nucleic Acids Symp Ser. 1988;(19):73–76. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Tada M. Seryl-tRNA synthetase and activation of the carcinogen 4-nitroguinoline 1-oxide. Nature. 1975 Jun 5;255(5508):510–512. doi: 10.1038/255510a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Walker G. C. Mutagenesis and inducible responses to deoxyribonucleic acid damage in Escherichia coli. Microbiol Rev. 1984 Mar;48(1):60–93. doi: 10.1128/mr.48.1.60-93.1984. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Weinstock G. M., McEntee K., Lehman I. R. Hydrolysis of nucleoside triphosphates catalyzed by the recA protein of Escherichia coli. Characterization of ATP hydrolysis. J Biol Chem. 1981 Aug 25;256(16):8829–8834. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- West S. C., Cassuto E., Mursalim J., Howard-Flanders P. Recognition of duplex DNA containing single-stranded regions by recA protein. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 May;77(5):2569–2573. doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.5.2569. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Willetts N. S., Clark A. J., Low B. Genetic location of certain mutations conferring recombination deficiency in Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 1969 Jan;97(1):244–249. doi: 10.1128/jb.97.1.244-249.1969. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Yamasaki H., Leffler S., Weinstein I. B. Effect of N-2-acetylaminofluorene modification on the structure and template activity of DNA and reconstituted chromatin. Cancer Res. 1977 Mar;37(3):684–691. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]



