Skip to main content
PMC home page
Nucleic Acids Research logoLink to Nucleic Acids Research
. 1991 Dec;19(25):7125–7129. doi: 10.1093/nar/19.25.7125

Mapping of the human casein kinase II catalytic subunit genes: two loci carrying the homologous sequences for the alpha subunit.

T L Yang-Feng 1, K Zheng 1, I Kopatz 1, T Naiman 1, D Canaani 1
PMCID: PMC332535  PMID: 1766873

Abstract

The human serine/threonine protein casein kinase II (CK II) contains two distinct catalytic subunits, alpha and alpha 1, which are encoded by different genes. A combination of segregation analysis of rodent-human hybrid cells and chromosomal in situ hybridization have localized the human CK II-alpha DNA sequence to two loci: 11p15.5-p15.4 and 20p13. In contrast, the CK II-alpha' gene has been mapped to chromosome 16 by somatic cell hybrid analysis. Taken together with our previous assignment of the CK II regulatory beta-subunit gene to 6p12-p21, these results indicate that although the products of these genes form a single biological complex, they are encoded on different human chromosomes. Further analysis should determine whether both loci of CK II-alpha are functional, or perhaps one of the two constitutes a pseudogene.

Full text

PDF
7125

Images in this article

7127Image
on p.7127
7128Image
on p.7128

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Ackerman P., Glover C. V., Osheroff N. Stimulation of casein kinase II by epidermal growth factor: relationship between the physiological activity of the kinase and the phosphorylation state of its beta subunit. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Jan;87(2):821–825. doi: 10.1073/pnas.87.2.821. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Ackerman P., Osheroff N. Regulation of casein kinase II activity by epidermal growth factor in human A-431 carcinoma cells. J Biol Chem. 1989 Jul 15;264(20):11958–11965. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Barbosa M. S., Edmonds C., Fisher C., Schiller J. T., Lowy D. R., Vousden K. H. The region of the HPV E7 oncoprotein homologous to adenovirus E1a and Sv40 large T antigen contains separate domains for Rb binding and casein kinase II phosphorylation. EMBO J. 1990 Jan;9(1):153–160. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1990.tb08091.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Carroll D., Marshak D. R. Serum-stimulated cell growth causes oscillations in casein kinase II activity. J Biol Chem. 1989 May 5;264(13):7345–7348. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Carroll D., Santoro N., Marshak D. R. Regulating cell growth: casein-kinase-II-dependent phosphorylation of nuclear oncoproteins. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 1988;53(Pt 1):91–95. doi: 10.1101/sqb.1988.053.01.014. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Chen-Wu J. L., Padmanabha R., Glover C. V. Isolation, sequencing, and disruption of the CKA1 gene encoding the alpha subunit of yeast casein kinase II. Mol Cell Biol. 1988 Nov;8(11):4981–4990. doi: 10.1128/mcb.8.11.4981. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Cochet C., Chambaz E. M. Oligomeric structure and catalytic activity of G type casein kinase. Isolation of the two subunits and renaturation experiments. J Biol Chem. 1983 Feb 10;258(3):1403–1406. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Filhol O., Cochet C., Chambaz E. M. Cytoplasmic and nuclear distribution of casein kinase II: characterization of the enzyme uptake by bovine adrenocortical nuclear preparation. Biochemistry. 1990 Oct 23;29(42):9928–9936. doi: 10.1021/bi00494a025. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Firzlaff J. M., Galloway D. A., Eisenman R. N., Lüscher B. The E7 protein of human papillomavirus type 16 is phosphorylated by casein kinase II. New Biol. 1989 Oct;1(1):44–53. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Glineur C., Bailly M., Ghysdael J. The c-erbA alpha-encoded thyroid hormone receptor is phosphorylated in its amino terminal domain by casein kinase II. Oncogene. 1989 Oct;4(10):1247–1254. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Grässer F. A., Scheidtmann K. H., Tuazon P. T., Traugh J. A., Walter G. In vitro phosphorylation of SV40 large T antigen. Virology. 1988 Jul;165(1):13–22. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(88)90653-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Heller-Harrison R. A., Meisner H., Czech M. P. Cloning and characterization of a cDNA encoding the beta subunit of human casein kinase II. Biochemistry. 1989 Nov 14;28(23):9053–9058. doi: 10.1021/bi00449a014. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Henry I., Bonaiti-Pellié C., Chehensse V., Beldjord C., Schwartz C., Utermann G., Junien C. Uniparental paternal disomy in a genetic cancer-predisposing syndrome. Nature. 1991 Jun 20;351(6328):665–667. doi: 10.1038/351665a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Hu E., Rubin C. S. Expression of wild-type and mutated forms of the catalytic (alpha) subunit of Caenorhabditis elegans casein kinase II in Escherichia coli. J Biol Chem. 1990 Nov 25;265(33):20609–20615. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Jakobi R., Voss H., Pyerin W. Human phosvitin/casein kinase type II. Molecular cloning and sequencing of full-length cDNA encoding subunit beta. Eur J Biochem. 1989 Jul 15;183(1):227–233. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1989.tb14917.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Klarlund J. K., Czech M. P. Insulin-like growth factor I and insulin rapidly increase casein kinase II activity in BALB/c 3T3 fibroblasts. J Biol Chem. 1988 Nov 5;263(31):15872–15875. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Krebs E. G., Eisenman R. N., Kuenzel E. A., Litchfield D. W., Lozeman F. J., Lüscher B., Sommercorn J. Casein kinase II as a potentially important enzyme concerned with signal transduction. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 1988;53(Pt 1):77–84. doi: 10.1101/sqb.1988.053.01.012. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Lin W. J., Tuazon P. T., Traugh J. A. Characterization of the catalytic subunit of casein kinase II expressed in Escherichia coli and regulation of activity. J Biol Chem. 1991 Mar 25;266(9):5664–5669. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Litchfield D. W., Lozeman F. J., Piening C., Sommercorn J., Takio K., Walsh K. A., Krebs E. G. Subunit structure of casein kinase II from bovine testis. Demonstration that the alpha and alpha' subunits are distinct polypeptides. J Biol Chem. 1990 May 5;265(13):7638–7644. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Lozeman F. J., Litchfield D. W., Piening C., Takio K., Walsh K. A., Krebs E. G. Isolation and characterization of human cDNA clones encoding the alpha and the alpha' subunits of casein kinase II. Biochemistry. 1990 Sep 11;29(36):8436–8447. doi: 10.1021/bi00488a034. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Lüscher B., Christenson E., Litchfield D. W., Krebs E. G., Eisenman R. N. Myb DNA binding inhibited by phosphorylation at a site deleted during oncogenic activation. Nature. 1990 Apr 5;344(6266):517–522. doi: 10.1038/344517a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Lüscher B., Kuenzel E. A., Krebs E. G., Eisenman R. N. Myc oncoproteins are phosphorylated by casein kinase II. EMBO J. 1989 Apr;8(4):1111–1119. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1989.tb03481.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Manak J. R., de Bisschop N., Kris R. M., Prywes R. Casein kinase II enhances the DNA binding activity of serum response factor. Genes Dev. 1990 Jun;4(6):955–967. doi: 10.1101/gad.4.6.955. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Meisner H., Heller-Harrison R., Buxton J., Czech M. P. Molecular cloning of the human casein kinase II alpha subunit. Biochemistry. 1989 May 2;28(9):4072–4076. doi: 10.1021/bi00435a066. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Mulner-Lorillon O., Cormier P., Labbé J. C., Dorée M., Poulhe R., Osborne H., Bellé R. M-phase-specific cdc2 protein kinase phosphorylates the beta subunit of casein kinase II and increases casein kinase II activity. Eur J Biochem. 1990 Oct 24;193(2):529–534. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1990.tb19368.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Mulner-Lorillon O., Marot J., Cayla X., Pouhle R., Belle R. Purification and characterization of a casein-kinase-II-type enzyme from Xenopus laevis ovary. Biological effects on the meiotic cell division of full-grown oocyte. Eur J Biochem. 1988 Jan 15;171(1-2):107–117. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1988.tb13765.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Padmanabha R., Chen-Wu J. L., Hanna D. E., Glover C. V. Isolation, sequencing, and disruption of the yeast CKA2 gene: casein kinase II is essential for viability in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Cell Biol. 1990 Aug;10(8):4089–4099. doi: 10.1128/mcb.10.8.4089. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Qi S. L., Yukioka M., Morisawa S., Inoue A. Heterogeneity of protein kinase NII. Multiple subunit-polypeptides. FEBS Lett. 1986 Jul 14;203(1):104–108. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(86)81446-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Rihs H. P., Jans D. A., Fan H., Peters R. The rate of nuclear cytoplasmic protein transport is determined by the casein kinase II site flanking the nuclear localization sequence of the SV40 T-antigen. EMBO J. 1991 Mar;10(3):633–639. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1991.tb07991.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Sommercorn J., Mulligan J. A., Lozeman F. J., Krebs E. G. Activation of casein kinase II in response to insulin and to epidermal growth factor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Dec;84(24):8834–8838. doi: 10.1073/pnas.84.24.8834. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Takio K., Kuenzel E. A., Walsh K. A., Krebs E. G. Amino acid sequence of the beta subunit of bovine lung casein kinase II. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Jul;84(14):4851–4855. doi: 10.1073/pnas.84.14.4851. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Teitz T., Eli D., Penner M., Bakhanashvili M., Naiman T., Timme T. L., Wood C. M., Moses R. E., Canaani D. Expression of the cDNA for the beta subunit of human casein kinase II confers partial UV resistance on xeroderma pigmentosum cells. Mutat Res. 1990 Jul;236(1):85–97. doi: 10.1016/0921-8777(90)90036-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Tuazon P. T., Traugh J. A. Casein kinase I and II--multipotential serine protein kinases: structure, function, and regulation. Adv Second Messenger Phosphoprotein Res. 1991;23:123–164. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Yang-Feng T. L., Floyd-Smith G., Nemer M., Drouin J., Francke U. The pronatriodilatin gene is located on the distal short arm of human chromosome 1 and on mouse chromosome 4. Am J Hum Genet. 1985 Nov;37(6):1117–1128. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. Yang-Feng T. L., Teitz T., Cheung M. C., Kan Y. W., Canaani D. Assignment of the human casein kinase II beta-subunit gene to 6p12----p21. Genomics. 1990 Dec;8(4):741–742. doi: 10.1016/0888-7543(90)90266-w. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Nucleic Acids Research are provided here courtesy of Oxford University Press

RESOURCES