Table 1. Bubble Sizes Egressing into Aqueous Solution, and Power Measurements.
| Device number | Membrane pore size (μm) | Quantity of Pc 1 loaded into devices (mg) | Bubble diameter (mm)a,b | Power (mW) measured outside of the membranec |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | ∼ 5 | 3.5 | ||
| 1 | ∼4.8 | 2.9 | ||
| 3 | 4.2±0.8 | 2.5 | ||
| 1 | 0.05 | 10 | 3.6±0.5 | 0.15 |
| 35 | 2.8±0.4 | 0.098 | ||
| 50 | 2.8±0.4 | 0.0076 | ||
| 75 | ∼2 | 0.0085 | ||
| 0 | ∼5 | 2.5 | ||
| 1 | ∼5 | 2.0 | ||
| 3 | ∼4 | 1.5 | ||
| 2 | 0.22 | 10 | 3.4±0.5 | 0.76 |
| 35 | 3.2±0.4 | 0.16 | ||
| 50 | ∼3 | 0.0075 | ||
| 75 | ∼2 | 0.0060 | ||
| 0 | ∼10 | 5.0 | ||
| 1 | 7.6±1.5 | 3.0 | ||
| 3 | 0.44 | 3 | 7.4±1.8 | 2.7 |
| 10 | 5.8±1.1 | 1.5 | ||
| 35 | 4.8±1.3 | 0.14 | ||
| 50 | 4.6±0.9 | 0.0089 | ||
| 75 | 4.2±0.8 | 0.010 | ||
a
The bubble sizes effusing through the device membranes were measured from photographic images with ruler reference points and/or pixel size correlations. The values shown here are averages of 2 or more measurements.
b
The experiments were carried out flowing O2 at a rate of 60 mL/min with a regulator pressure of 35 PSI and a ∼2 mm height of water above the membrane.
c
The output of the diode laser (669 nm, 506 mW) was coupled to the fiber optic, where 383-mW laser light exited the fiber optic and entered the top portion of the devices at the fiber optic/SMA junction.