|
B cells
|
|
| IgG antibodies, either complement-binding, directly cytotoxic, targeting erythroblasts in vitro or inhibiting haemoglobin synthesis [15]. |
|
| Antibodies produced following a viral or bacterial infection that might cross-react with erythroid precursor cells or erythropoietin [16]. |
|
| Anti-erythropoietin antibodies, immune complexes with erythropoietin, which result in functional inactivation [2, 16]. |
|
| Obstruction of the erythropoietin receptor by anti-erythroblast antibodies [16]. |
|
|
|
T cells, NK cells
|
|
| MHC-I-restricted CD8(+) cytotoxic T-lymphocytes [17]. |
|
| MHC-unrestricted CD3(+) T-LGLs with TCR expressing KIRs [17]. |
|
|
|
B cells, T cells, NK cells
|
|
| MHC-unrestricted CD3(−) NK-LGLs without TCR, which may be positively triggered by circulating antibody against red-cell antigens activating NK-receptors and adhesion molecules [17]. |
|
| Antibody cross-linking the TCR of the T-LGLs with the Fc receptor on target cells [19, 20]. |
|
| Antibody cross-linking the Fc receptor on the T-LGLs or NK-LGLs (CD16) with any specific ligand for the antibody on the target cells [19, 20]. |
|
