Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America logoLink to Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
. 1978 Sep;75(9):4568–4572. doi: 10.1073/pnas.75.9.4568

Myoinositol and phosphatidylinositol metabolism in synaptosomes from galactose-fed rats.

A S Warfield, S Segal
PMCID: PMC336158  PMID: 279935

Abstract

The effects of experimental galactose toxicity on inositol and phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) metabolism in synaptosomes from 0- to 30-day-old rats were investigated. Galactose toxicity was induced by feeding mothers a 40% galactose diet from the 12th day of pregnancy until 19 days postpartum when the offspring were weaned onto the maternal diet. There was no decrease in myoinositol concentrations and only a small decrease in PtdIns in synaptosomes from galactose-fed rats relative to glucose-fed controls. Synaptosomes from rats on the two diets converted equivalent amounts of [U-14C]glucose to inositol and PtdIns. Acetylcholine stimulated [2-3H]inositol incorporation into PtdIns while producing a net decrease in PtdIns concentration in synaptosomes from 22- to 30-day-old rats. However, the phospholipid response to acetylcholine in synaptosomes from galactose-fed rats was impaired. Thus, the acetylcholine-stimulated labeling of PtdIns was 40--50% lower in these synaptosomes while the effect on PtdIns concentration was reduced by a maximum of 55%. The data suggest that galactose-fed rats may have either a deficiency in the number of acetylcholine receptors or a defect in some step between receptor-neurotransmitter interaction and PtdIns breakdown.

Full text

PDF
4568

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Allison J. H., Stewart M. A. Myo-inositol and ascorbic acid in developing rat brain. J Neurochem. 1973 Jun;20(6):1785–1788. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1973.tb00296.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. BURG M. B., ORLOFF J. Oxygen consumption and active transport in separated renal tubules. Am J Physiol. 1962 Aug;203:327–330. doi: 10.1152/ajplegacy.1962.203.2.327. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Banschbach M. W., Geison R. L., Hokin-Neaverson M. Acetylcholine increases the level of diglyceride in mouse pancreas. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1974 Jun 4;58(3):714–718. doi: 10.1016/s0006-291x(74)80476-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Cicero T. J., Sherman W. R. A sensitive and specific method for the measurement of monophosphoinositide at a microregional level in brain. Anal Biochem. 1973 Jul;54(1):32–39. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(73)90243-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Durell J., Garland J. T. Acetylcholine-stimulated phosphodiesteratic cleavage of phosphoinositides: hypothetical role in membrane depolarization. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1969 Oct 17;165(2):743–754. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Gonatas N. K., Autilio-Gambetti L., Gambetti P., Shafer B. Morphological and biochemical changes in rat synaptosome fractions during neonatal development. J Cell Biol. 1971 Nov;51(21):484–498. doi: 10.1083/jcb.51.2.484. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Hokin-Neaverson M. Acetylcholine causes a net decrease in phosphatidylinositol and a net increase in phosphatidic acid in mouse pancreas. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1974 Jun 4;58(3):763–768. doi: 10.1016/s0006-291x(74)80483-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Jones L. M., Michell R. H. Breakdown of phosphatidylinositol provoked by muscarinic cholinergic stimulation of rat parotid-gland fragments. Biochem J. 1974 Sep;142(3):583–590. doi: 10.1042/bj1420583. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Kozak L. P., Wells W. W. Studies on the metabolic determinants of D-galactose-induced neurotoxicity in the chick. J Neurochem. 1971 Nov;18(11):2217–2228. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1971.tb05080.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. LOWRY O. H., ROSEBROUGH N. J., FARR A. L., RANDALL R. J. Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem. 1951 Nov;193(1):265–275. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Lapetina E. G., Michell R. H. Effects of acetylcholine on incorporation of (14C)glucose into phosphatidylinositol and on phosphatidylinositol breakdown in subcellular fractions from cerebral cortex. J Neurochem. 1974 Jul;23(1):283–287. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1974.tb06949.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Quan-Ma R., Wells H. J., Wells W. W., Sherman F. E., Egan T. J. Galactitol in the tissues of a galactosemic child. Am J Dis Child. 1966 Nov;112(5):477–478. doi: 10.1001/archpedi.1966.02090140149018. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. SCHWARZ V. The value of galactose phosphate determinations in the treatment of galactosaemia. Arch Dis Child. 1960 Oct;35:428–432. doi: 10.1136/adc.35.183.428. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Schacht J., Agranoff B. W. Acetylcholine stimulates hydrolysis of 32 P-labeled phosphatidic acid in guinea pig synaptosomes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1973 Feb 5;50(3):934–941. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(73)91335-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Schacht J., Agranoff B. W. Stimulation of hydrolysis of phosphatidic acid by cholinergic agents in guinea pig synaptosomes. J Biol Chem. 1974 Mar 10;249(5):1551–1557. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Stewart M. A., Rhee V., Kurien M. M., Sherman W. R. Gas chromatographic analysis of myo-inositol in microgram samples of brain. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1969 Nov 18;192(2):361–363. doi: 10.1016/0304-4165(69)90379-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. WELLS W. W., PITTMAN T. A., WELLS H. J., EGAN T. J. THE ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF GALACTITOL FROM THE BRAINS OF GALACTOSEMIA PATIENTS. J Biol Chem. 1965 Mar;240:1002–1004. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Warfield A. S., Segal S. d-Galactose transport by synaptosomes isolated from rat brain. J Neurochem. 1974 Dec;23(6):1145–1151. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1974.tb12211.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Wells H. J., Wells W. W. Galactose toxicity and myoinositol metabolism in the developing rat brain. Biochemistry. 1967 Apr;6(4):1168–1173. doi: 10.1021/bi00856a029. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Wells W. W., McIntyre J. P., Schlichter D. J., Wacholtz M. C., Spieker S. E. Studies on myo-inositol metabolism in galactosemia. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1969 Oct 17;165(2):599–608. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America are provided here courtesy of National Academy of Sciences

RESOURCES