Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Nucleic Acids Research logoLink to Nucleic Acids Research
. 1988 May 11;16(9):3751–3770. doi: 10.1093/nar/16.9.3751

cDNA cloning of human hnRNP protein A1 reveals the existence of multiple mRNA isoforms.

M Buvoli 1, G Biamonti 1, P Tsoulfas 1, M T Bassi 1, A Ghetti 1, S Riva 1, C Morandi 1
PMCID: PMC336554  PMID: 2836799

Abstract

Protein A1 is one of the major component of mammalian ribonucleoprotein particles (hnRNP). Human protein A1 cDNA cloning and sequencing revealed the existence of at least two protein isoforms. Among the cDNAs examined, sequence differences were found both in the structural portion, leading to aminoacid changes (Tyr to Phe or Arg to Lys) and in the non translated 3'-region where two T-stretches of different length were observed. Interestingly one of the aminoacid substitutions falls into a consensus sequence common to many RNA binding proteins. Northern blot analysis of poly A+ RNAs from five human tissues revealed two mRNA forms of 1500 and 1900 n due to alternative polyadenylation. Analysis of genomic DNA showed at least 30 A1-specific sequences, some of which correspond to processed pseudogenes. These results suggest that protein A1 is encoded by a multigene family.

Full text

PDF
3751

Images in this article

3759Image
on p.3759
3761Image
on p.3761
3762Image
on p.3762

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Adam S. A., Nakagawa T., Swanson M. S., Woodruff T. K., Dreyfuss G. mRNA polyadenylate-binding protein: gene isolation and sequencing and identification of a ribonucleoprotein consensus sequence. Mol Cell Biol. 1986 Aug;6(8):2932–2943. doi: 10.1128/mcb.6.8.2932. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Benton W. D., Davis R. W. Screening lambdagt recombinant clones by hybridization to single plaques in situ. Science. 1977 Apr 8;196(4286):180–182. doi: 10.1126/science.322279. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Beyer A. L., Christensen M. E., Walker B. W., LeStourgeon W. M. Identification and characterization of the packaging proteins of core 40S hnRNP particles. Cell. 1977 May;11(1):127–138. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(77)90323-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Brody E., Abelson J. The "spliceosome": yeast pre-messenger RNA associates with a 40S complex in a splicing-dependent reaction. Science. 1985 May 24;228(4702):963–967. doi: 10.1126/science.3890181. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Buvoli M., Biamonti G., Riva S., Morandi C. Hybridization of oligodeoxynucleotide probes to RNA molecules: specificity and stability of duplexes. Nucleic Acids Res. 1987 Nov 11;15(21):9091–9091. doi: 10.1093/nar/15.21.9091. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Celis J. E., Bravo R., Arenstorf H. P., LeStourgeon W. M. Identification of proliferation-sensitive human proteins amongst components of the 40 S hnRNP particles. Identity of hnRNP core proteins in the HeLa protein catalogue. FEBS Lett. 1986 Jan 1;194(1):101–109. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(86)80059-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Chirgwin J. M., Przybyla A. E., MacDonald R. J., Rutter W. J. Isolation of biologically active ribonucleic acid from sources enriched in ribonuclease. Biochemistry. 1979 Nov 27;18(24):5294–5299. doi: 10.1021/bi00591a005. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Choi Y. D., Dreyfuss G. Isolation of the heterogeneous nuclear RNA-ribonucleoprotein complex (hnRNP): a unique supramolecular assembly. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Dec;81(23):7471–7475. doi: 10.1073/pnas.81.23.7471. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Choi Y. D., Grabowski P. J., Sharp P. A., Dreyfuss G. Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins: role in RNA splicing. Science. 1986 Mar 28;231(4745):1534–1539. doi: 10.1126/science.3952495. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Cobianchi F., Karpel R. L., Williams K. R., Notario V., Wilson S. H. Mammalian heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein complex protein A1. Large-scale overproduction in Escherichia coli and cooperative binding to single-stranded nucleic acids. J Biol Chem. 1988 Jan 15;263(2):1063–1071. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Cobianchi F., SenGupta D. N., Zmudzka B. Z., Wilson S. H. Structure of rodent helix-destabilizing protein revealed by cDNA cloning. J Biol Chem. 1986 Mar 15;261(8):3536–3543. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Dreyfuss G. Structure and function of nuclear and cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein particles. Annu Rev Cell Biol. 1986;2:459–498. doi: 10.1146/annurev.cb.02.110186.002331. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Feinberg A. P., Vogelstein B. A technique for radiolabeling DNA restriction endonuclease fragments to high specific activity. Anal Biochem. 1983 Jul 1;132(1):6–13. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(83)90418-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Grabowski P. J., Seiler S. R., Sharp P. A. A multicomponent complex is involved in the splicing of messenger RNA precursors. Cell. 1985 Aug;42(1):345–353. doi: 10.1016/s0092-8674(85)80130-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Habets W. J., Sillekens P. T., Hoet M. H., Schalken J. A., Roebroek A. J., Leunissen J. A., van de Ven W. J., van Venrooij W. J. Analysis of a cDNA clone expressing a human autoimmune antigen: full-length sequence of the U2 small nuclear RNA-associated B" antigen. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Apr;84(8):2421–2425. doi: 10.1073/pnas.84.8.2421. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Haynes S. R., Rebbert M. L., Mozer B. A., Forquignon F., Dawid I. B. pen repeat sequences are GGN clusters and encode a glycine-rich domain in a Drosophila cDNA homologous to the rat helix destabilizing protein. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Apr;84(7):1819–1823. doi: 10.1073/pnas.84.7.1819. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Kozak M. Compilation and analysis of sequences upstream from the translational start site in eukaryotic mRNAs. Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Jan 25;12(2):857–872. doi: 10.1093/nar/12.2.857. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Kumar A., Williams K. R., Szer W. Purification and domain structure of core hnRNP proteins A1 and A2 and their relationship to single-stranded DNA-binding proteins. J Biol Chem. 1986 Aug 25;261(24):11266–11273. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Lahiri D. K., Thomas J. O. A cDNA clone of the hnRNP C proteins and its homology with the single-stranded DNA binding protein UP2. Nucleic Acids Res. 1986 May 27;14(10):4077–4094. doi: 10.1093/nar/14.10.4077. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Landsman D., Soares N., Gonzalez F. J., Bustin M. Chromosomal protein HMG-17. Complete human cDNA sequence and evidence for a multigene family. J Biol Chem. 1986 Jun 5;261(16):7479–7484. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Lapeyre B., Bourbon H., Amalric F. Nucleolin, the major nucleolar protein of growing eukaryotic cells: an unusual protein structure revealed by the nucleotide sequence. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Mar;84(6):1472–1476. doi: 10.1073/pnas.84.6.1472. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Leser G. P., Escara-Wilke J., Martin T. E. Monoclonal antibodies to heterogeneous nuclear RNA-protein complexes. The core proteins comprise a conserved group of related polypeptides. J Biol Chem. 1984 Feb 10;259(3):1827–1833. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Li W. H., Wu C. I., Luo C. C. A new method for estimating synonymous and nonsynonymous rates of nucleotide substitution considering the relative likelihood of nucleotide and codon changes. Mol Biol Evol. 1985 Mar;2(2):150–174. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a040343. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Mariani B. D., Schimke R. T. Gene amplification in a single cell cycle in Chinese hamster ovary cells. J Biol Chem. 1984 Feb 10;259(3):1901–1910. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Maxam A. M., Gilbert W. Sequencing end-labeled DNA with base-specific chemical cleavages. Methods Enzymol. 1980;65(1):499–560. doi: 10.1016/s0076-6879(80)65059-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Merrill B. M., LoPresti M. B., Stone K. L., Williams K. R. High pressure liquid chromatography purification of UP1 and UP2, two related single-stranded nucleic acid-binding proteins from calf thymus. J Biol Chem. 1986 Jan 15;261(2):878–883. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Morandi C., Masters J. N., Mottes M., Attardi G. Multiple forms of human dihydrofolate reductase messenger RNA. Cloning and expression in Escherichia coli of their DNA coding sequence. J Mol Biol. 1982 Apr 15;156(3):583–607. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(82)90268-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Mottes M., Tsai Lai S. A., Montoya J., Attardi G. A new type of EcoRI polymorphism of the human ribosomal DNA repeating unit revealed by analysis of cloned DNA fragments. Gene. 1984 Jan;27(1):109–113. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(84)90243-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Nakagawa T. Y., Swanson M. S., Wold B. J., Dreyfuss G. Molecular cloning of cDNA for the nuclear ribonucleoprotein particle C proteins: a conserved gene family. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Apr;83(7):2007–2011. doi: 10.1073/pnas.83.7.2007. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Ponte P., Gunning P., Blau H., Kedes L. Human actin genes are single copy for alpha-skeletal and alpha-cardiac actin but multicopy for beta- and gamma-cytoskeletal genes: 3' untranslated regions are isotype specific but are conserved in evolution. Mol Cell Biol. 1983 Oct;3(10):1783–1791. doi: 10.1128/mcb.3.10.1783. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Rave N., Crkvenjakov R., Boedtker H. Identification of procollagen mRNAs transferred to diazobenzyloxymethyl paper from formaldehyde agarose gels. Nucleic Acids Res. 1979 Aug 10;6(11):3559–3567. doi: 10.1093/nar/6.11.3559. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Riva S., Morandi C., Tsoulfas P., Pandolfo M., Biamonti G., Merrill B., Williams K. R., Multhaup G., Beyreuther K., Werr H. Mammalian single-stranded DNA binding protein UP I is derived from the hnRNP core protein A1. EMBO J. 1986 Sep;5(9):2267–2273. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1986.tb04494.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Sachs A. B., Bond M. W., Kornberg R. D. A single gene from yeast for both nuclear and cytoplasmic polyadenylate-binding proteins: domain structure and expression. Cell. 1986 Jun 20;45(6):827–835. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(86)90557-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Samarina O. P., Lukanidin E. M., Molnar J., Georgiev G. P. Structural organization of nuclear complexes containing DNA-like RNA. J Mol Biol. 1968 Apr 14;33(1):251–263. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(68)90292-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. Stanley K. K., Luzio J. P. Construction of a new family of high efficiency bacterial expression vectors: identification of cDNA clones coding for human liver proteins. EMBO J. 1984 Jun;3(6):1429–1434. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1984.tb01988.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  36. Swanson M. S., Nakagawa T. Y., LeVan K., Dreyfuss G. Primary structure of human nuclear ribonucleoprotein particle C proteins: conservation of sequence and domain structures in heterogeneous nuclear RNA, mRNA, and pre-rRNA-binding proteins. Mol Cell Biol. 1987 May;7(5):1731–1739. doi: 10.1128/mcb.7.5.1731. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  37. Theissen H., Etzerodt M., Reuter R., Schneider C., Lottspeich F., Argos P., Lührmann R., Philipson L. Cloning of the human cDNA for the U1 RNA-associated 70K protein. EMBO J. 1986 Dec 1;5(12):3209–3217. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1986.tb04631.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  38. Wagner M., Perry R. P. Characterization of the multigene family encoding the mouse S16 ribosomal protein: strategy for distinguishing an expressed gene from its processed pseudogene counterparts by an analysis of total genomic DNA. Mol Cell Biol. 1985 Dec;5(12):3560–3576. doi: 10.1128/mcb.5.12.3560. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  39. Williams K. R., Stone K. L., LoPresti M. B., Merrill B. M., Planck S. R. Amino acid sequence of the UP1 calf thymus helix-destabilizing protein and its homology to an analogous protein from mouse myeloma. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Sep;82(17):5666–5670. doi: 10.1073/pnas.82.17.5666. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Nucleic Acids Research are provided here courtesy of Oxford University Press

RESOURCES