Skip to main content
PMC home page
Nucleic Acids Research logoLink to Nucleic Acids Research
. 1988 Jun 24;16(12):5515–5532. doi: 10.1093/nar/16.12.5515

Electric field-mediated gene transfer: characterization of DNA transfer and patterns of integration in lymphoid cells.

F Toneguzzo 1, A Keating 1, S Glynn 1, K McDonald 1
PMCID: PMC336782  PMID: 2838819

Abstract

Southern analysis of individual transfectants generated by electroporation demonstrated a strong preference for the integration of DNA in low copy number even when electroporation was performed in the presence of increasing DNA concentrations. Although transfer of multiple DNA copies was detected at higher DNA concentrations (16 pmoles/ml or greater), the average gene copy number even at 36 pmoles DNA per ml, was only 13. Multiple gene copies were integrated at either a few chromosomal sites, or at a single site within individual transfectants. Restriction endonuclease cleavage data were consistent with a random orientation of molecules within a concatemer, suggesting that the concatemer may have risen via end-to-end ligation of linear molecules, rather than by homologous recombination. Integration of exogenous DNA into the host chromosome occurred preferentially at the ends of the linear molecule. Although the linearization site was lost upon integration, endonuclease sites as close as 18 bp from the linearization site were retained. These data, as well as direct restriction mapping of the transferred genes, indicate that DNA transfer and integration occur without DNA rearrangement. Taken together, these results suggest that electroporation may offer some unique advantages for the transfer of eukaryotic genes.

Full text

PDF
5515

Images in this article

5518Image
on p.5518
5520Image
on p.5520
5521Image
on p.5521
5522Image
on p.5522
5523Image
on p.5523
5525Image
on p.5525

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Boggs S. S., Gregg R. G., Borenstein N., Smithies O. Efficient transformation and frequent single-site, single-copy insertion of DNA can be obtained in mouse erythroleukemia cells transformed by electroporation. Exp Hematol. 1986 Nov;14(10):988–994. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Chu G., Hayakawa H., Berg P. Electroporation for the efficient transfection of mammalian cells with DNA. Nucleic Acids Res. 1987 Feb 11;15(3):1311–1326. doi: 10.1093/nar/15.3.1311. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Folger K. R., Wong E. A., Wahl G., Capecchi M. R. Patterns of integration of DNA microinjected into cultured mammalian cells: evidence for homologous recombination between injected plasmid DNA molecules. Mol Cell Biol. 1982 Nov;2(11):1372–1387. doi: 10.1128/mcb.2.11.1372. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Fromm M., Taylor L. P., Walbot V. Expression of genes transferred into monocot and dicot plant cells by electroporation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Sep;82(17):5824–5828. doi: 10.1073/pnas.82.17.5824. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Glimcher L. H., Kim K. J., Green I., Paul W. E. Ia antigen-bearing B cell tumor lines can present protein antigen and alloantigen in a major histocompatibility complex-restricted fashion to antigen-reactive T cells. J Exp Med. 1982 Feb 1;155(2):445–459. doi: 10.1084/jem.155.2.445. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Hirt B. Selective extraction of polyoma DNA from infected mouse cell cultures. J Mol Biol. 1967 Jun 14;26(2):365–369. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(67)90307-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Miller J. H., Lebkowski J. S., Greisen K. S., Calos M. P. Specificity of mutations induced in transfected DNA by mammalian cells. EMBO J. 1984 Dec 20;3(13):3117–3121. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1984.tb02267.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Mulligan R. C., Berg P. Expression of a bacterial gene in mammalian cells. Science. 1980 Sep 19;209(4463):1422–1427. doi: 10.1126/science.6251549. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Narayanan R., Jastreboff M. M., Chiu C. F., Bertino J. R. In vivo expression of a nonselected gene transferred into murine hematopoietic stem cells by electroporation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1986 Dec 30;141(3):1018–1024. doi: 10.1016/s0006-291x(86)80146-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Norgard M. V. Rapid and simple removal of contaminating RNA from plasmid DNA without the use of RNase. Anal Biochem. 1981 May 1;113(1):34–42. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(81)90040-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Perucho M., Goldfarb M., Shimizu K., Lama C., Fogh J., Wigler M. Human-tumor-derived cell lines contain common and different transforming genes. Cell. 1981 Dec;27(3 Pt 2):467–476. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(81)90388-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Perucho M., Hanahan D., Wigler M. Genetic and physical linkage of exogenous sequences in transformed cells. Cell. 1980 Nov;22(1 Pt 1):309–317. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(80)90178-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Potter H., Weir L., Leder P. Enhancer-dependent expression of human kappa immunoglobulin genes introduced into mouse pre-B lymphocytes by electroporation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Nov;81(22):7161–7165. doi: 10.1073/pnas.81.22.7161. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Razzaque A., Chakrabarti S., Joffee S., Seidman M. Mutagenesis of a shuttle vector plasmid in mammalian cells. Mol Cell Biol. 1984 Mar;4(3):435–441. doi: 10.1128/mcb.4.3.435. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Simonsen C. C., Levinson A. D. Isolation and expression of an altered mouse dihydrofolate reductase cDNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 May;80(9):2495–2499. doi: 10.1073/pnas.80.9.2495. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Southern E. M. Detection of specific sequences among DNA fragments separated by gel electrophoresis. J Mol Biol. 1975 Nov 5;98(3):503–517. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(75)80083-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Subramani S., Rubnitz J. Recombination events after transient infection and stable integration of DNA into mouse cells. Mol Cell Biol. 1985 Apr;5(4):659–666. doi: 10.1128/mcb.5.4.659. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Toneguzzo F., Hayday A. C., Keating A. Electric field-mediated DNA transfer: transient and stable gene expression in human and mouse lymphoid cells. Mol Cell Biol. 1986 Feb;6(2):703–706. doi: 10.1128/mcb.6.2.703. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Toneguzzo F., Keating A. Stable expression of selectable genes introduced into human hematopoietic stem cells by electric field-mediated DNA transfer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 May;83(10):3496–3499. doi: 10.1073/pnas.83.10.3496. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Nucleic Acids Research are provided here courtesy of Oxford University Press

RESOURCES