Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Nov 30.
Published in final edited form as: Nature. 2012 May 30;485(7400):635–641. doi: 10.1038/nature11119

Figure 3. Whole genome triplications set the stage for fruit-specific gene neofunctionalisation.

Figure 3

The genes shown represent a fruit ripening control network regulated by transcription factors (MADS-RIN, CNR) necessary for production of the ripening hormone ethylene, the production of which is regulated by ACC synthase (ACS). Ethylene interacts with ethylene receptors (ETRs) to drive expression changes in output genes, including phytoene synthase (PSY), the rate-limiting step in carotenoid biosynthesis. Light, acting through phytochromes, controls fruit pigmentation through an ethylene-independent pathway. Paralogous gene pairs with different physiological roles (MADS1/RIN, PHYB1/PHYB2, ACS2/ACS6, ETR3/ETR4, PSY1/PSY2), were generated during the eudicot (γ, black circle) or the more recent, Solanum (T, red circle) triplications. Complete dendrograms of the respective protein families are shown in Supplementary Figures 16 and 17.