Skip to main content
Nucleic Acids Research logoLink to Nucleic Acids Research
. 1988 Jul 25;16(14B):7061–7070. doi: 10.1093/nar/16.14.7061

Identification of an enhancer-like element in the 5' flanking region of the rat apolipoprotein A-I gene.

Y S Chao 1, X H Ding 1, P H Dai 1, T J Wu 1, T C Pan 1, Q L Hao 1, T T Yamin 1
PMCID: PMC338351  PMID: 3136438

Abstract

In order to study the expression of the apolipoprotein (apo) A-I gene, we have isolated and characterized the structural gene encoding rat apo A-I. The 5' flanking sequence of the apo A-I gene was placed upstream of the coding sequence of the bacterial chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (CAT) gene, such that the expression of CAT activity in cultured cells is under the control of the promoter and regulatory sequences of the rat apo A-I gene. By transient transfection, nucleotide deletion and substitution methods, it was demonstrated that the nucleotide sequences between -464 and -148 upstream from the start of transcription of the rat apo A-I gene are required for the expression of this gene in Hep G2 cells and that these sequences function with an enhancer-like activity.

Full text

PDF

Images in this article

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Banerjee D., Grieninger G., Parkes J. L., Mukherjee T. K., Redman C. M. Regulation of apo-A-I processing in cultured hepatocytes. J Biol Chem. 1986 Jul 25;261(21):9844–9849. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Barker W. C., Dayhoff M. O. Evolution of lipoproteins deduced from protein sequence data. Comp Biochem Physiol B. 1977;57(4):309–315. doi: 10.1016/0305-0491(77)90060-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Breslow J. L. Human apolipoprotein molecular biology and genetic variation. Annu Rev Biochem. 1985;54:699–727. doi: 10.1146/annurev.bi.54.070185.003411. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Castelli W. P., Doyle J. T., Gordon T., Hames C. G., Hjortland M. C., Hulley S. B., Kagan A., Zukel W. J. Alcohol and blood lipids. The cooperative lipoprotein phenotyping study. Lancet. 1977 Jul 23;2(8030):153–155. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(77)90176-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Chao Y. S., Pickett C. B., Yamin T. T., Guo L. S., Alberts A. W., Kroon P. A. Phenobarbital induces rat liver apolipoprotein A-I mRNA. Mol Pharmacol. 1985 Mar;27(3):394–398. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Cheung P., Chan L. Nucleotide sequence of cloned cDNA of human apolipoprotein A-I. Nucleic Acids Res. 1983 Jun 11;11(11):3703–3715. doi: 10.1093/nar/11.11.3703. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Elshourbagy N. A., Boguski M. S., Liao W. S., Jefferson L. S., Gordon J. I., Taylor J. M. Expression of rat apolipoprotein A-IV and A-I genes: mRNA induction during development and in response to glucocorticoids and insulin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Dec;82(23):8242–8246. doi: 10.1073/pnas.82.23.8242. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Fielding C. J., Shore V. G., Fielding P. E. Lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase: effects of substrate composition upon enzyme activity. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1972 Aug 11;270(4):513–518. doi: 10.1016/0005-2760(72)90116-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Haddad I. A., Ordovas J. M., Fitzpatrick T., Karathanasis S. K. Linkage, evolution, and expression of the rat apolipoprotein A-I, C-III, and A-IV genes. J Biol Chem. 1986 Oct 5;261(28):13268–13277. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. LOWRY O. H., ROSEBROUGH N. J., FARR A. L., RANDALL R. J. Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem. 1951 Nov;193(1):265–275. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Maciejko J. J., Holmes D. R., Kottke B. A., Zinsmeister A. R., Dinh D. M., Mao S. J. Apolipoprotein A-I as a marker of angiographically assessed coronary-artery disease. N Engl J Med. 1983 Aug 18;309(7):385–389. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198308183090701. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Miller G. J., Miller N. E. Plasma-high-density-lipoprotein concentration and development of ischaemic heart-disease. Lancet. 1975 Jan 4;1(7897):16–19. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(75)92376-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Nikkilä E. A., Kaste M., Ehnholm C., Viikari J. Increase of serum high-density lipoprotein in phenytoin users. Br Med J. 1978 Jul 8;2(6130):99–99. doi: 10.1136/bmj.2.6130.99. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Rothkopf G. S., Telakowski-Hopkins C. A., Stotish R. L., Pickett C. B. Multiplicity of glutathione S-transferase genes in the rat and association with a type 2 Alu repetitive element. Biochemistry. 1986 Mar 11;25(5):993–1002. doi: 10.1021/bi00353a007. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Sargent T. D., Wu J. R., Sala-Trepat J. M., Wallace R. B., Reyes A. A., Bonner J. The rat serum albumin gene: analysis of cloned sequences. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Jul;76(7):3256–3260. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.7.3256. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Sastry K. N., Seedorf U., Karathanasis S. K. Different cis-acting DNA elements control expression of the human apolipoprotein AI gene in different cell types. Mol Cell Biol. 1988 Feb;8(2):605–614. doi: 10.1128/mcb.8.2.605. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Shelley C. S., Baralle F. E. Dual tissue-specific expression of apo-AII is directed by an upstream enhancer. Nucleic Acids Res. 1987 May 11;15(9):3801–3821. doi: 10.1093/nar/15.9.3801. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Nucleic Acids Research are provided here courtesy of Oxford University Press

RESOURCES