Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Nucleic Acids Research logoLink to Nucleic Acids Research
. 1988 Oct 25;16(20):9497–9511. doi: 10.1093/nar/16.20.9497

Sigma region located between C mu and C delta genes of human immunoglobulin heavy chain: possible involvement of tRNA-like structure in RNA splicing.

Y Akahori 1, H Handa 1, K Imai 1, M Abe 1, K Kameyama 1, M Hibiya 1, H Yasui 1, K Okamura 1, M Naito 1, H Matsuoka 1
PMCID: PMC338759  PMID: 3141902

Abstract

Noncoding regions within the cluster of immunoglobulin heavy chain constant genes in the human genome contained a number of repeats. In the mu-delta intron, two repeating units were contained. One 442-base-long fragment located JH-mu intron (defined as "sigma mu(sigma mu)") occupied the position in the mu-delta intron. The other 1166-base-long fragment located somewhere in front of S (class switch) region of C gamma gene was also found in the mu-delta intron. We defined the repeats in the mu-delta intron as "SIGMA (sigma)". The polarities of the longer repeats in the genome were opposite between the mu-delta intron and the upstreams of C gamma genes. These inverted copies (defined as sigma gamma 3 and sigma gamma 4), located 6 kb upstream of their respective C gamma's, were apparently transcribed in vitro, via RNA polymerase III and transcripts should have contained tRNA-like structures. Small DNA fragments capable of encoding tRNA-like structures were also found in corresponding regions of mouse Ig C gamma cluster.

Full text

PDF
9497

Images in this article

9508Image
on p.9508

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Akins R. A., Lambowitz A. M. A protein required for splicing group I introns in Neurospora mitochondria is mitochondrial tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase or a derivative thereof. Cell. 1987 Jul 31;50(3):331–345. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(87)90488-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Bech-Hansen N. T., Linsley P. S., Cox D. W. Restriction fragment length polymorphisms associated with immunoglobulin C gamma genes reveal linkage disequilibrium and genomic organization. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 Nov;80(22):6952–6956. doi: 10.1073/pnas.80.22.6952. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Benton W. D., Davis R. W. Screening lambdagt recombinant clones by hybridization to single plaques in situ. Science. 1977 Apr 8;196(4286):180–182. doi: 10.1126/science.322279. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Blattner F. R., Tucker P. W. The molecular biology of immunoglobulin D. Nature. 1984 Feb 2;307(5950):417–422. doi: 10.1038/307417a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Chen Y. W., Word C., Dev V., Uhr J. W., Vitetta E. S., Tucker P. W. Double isotype production by a neoplastic B cell line. II. Allelically excluded production of mu and gamma 1 heavy chains without CH gene rearrangement. J Exp Med. 1986 Aug 1;164(2):562–579. doi: 10.1084/jem.164.2.562. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Corden J., Wasylyk B., Buchwalder A., Sassone-Corsi P., Kedinger C., Chambon P. Promoter sequences of eukaryotic protein-coding genes. Science. 1980 Sep 19;209(4463):1406–1414. doi: 10.1126/science.6251548. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Davis M. M., Kim S. K., Hood L. E. DNA sequences mediating class switching in alpha-immunoglobulins. Science. 1980 Sep 19;209(4463):1360–1365. doi: 10.1126/science.6774415. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Dignam J. D., Lebovitz R. M., Roeder R. G. Accurate transcription initiation by RNA polymerase II in a soluble extract from isolated mammalian nuclei. Nucleic Acids Res. 1983 Mar 11;11(5):1475–1489. doi: 10.1093/nar/11.5.1475. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Ellison J., Hood L. Linkage and sequence homology of two human immunoglobulin gamma heavy chain constant region genes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Mar;79(6):1984–1988. doi: 10.1073/pnas.79.6.1984. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Flanagan J. G., Rabbitts T. H. Arrangement of human immunoglobulin heavy chain constant region genes implies evolutionary duplication of a segment containing gamma, epsilon and alpha genes. Nature. 1982 Dec 23;300(5894):709–713. doi: 10.1038/300709a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Gillies S. D., Morrison S. L., Oi V. T., Tonegawa S. A tissue-specific transcription enhancer element is located in the major intron of a rearranged immunoglobulin heavy chain gene. Cell. 1983 Jul;33(3):717–728. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(83)90014-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Hildebrand M., Hallick R. B., Passavant C. W., Bourque D. P. Trans-splicing in chloroplasts: the rps 12 loci of Nicotiana tabacum. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Jan;85(2):372–376. doi: 10.1073/pnas.85.2.372. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Honjo T. Immunoglobulin genes. Annu Rev Immunol. 1983;1:499–528. doi: 10.1146/annurev.iy.01.040183.002435. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Honjo T., Kataoka T. Organization of immunoglobulin heavy chain genes and allelic deletion model. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1978 May;75(5):2140–2144. doi: 10.1073/pnas.75.5.2140. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Kataoka T., Miyata T., Honjo T. Repetitive sequences in class-switch recombination regions of immunoglobulin heavy chain genes. Cell. 1981 Feb;23(2):357–368. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(81)90131-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Koller B., Fromm H., Galun E., Edelman M. Evidence for in vivo trans splicing of pre-mRNAs in tobacco chloroplasts. Cell. 1987 Jan 16;48(1):111–119. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(87)90361-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Lawn R. M., Fritsch E. F., Parker R. C., Blake G., Maniatis T. The isolation and characterization of linked delta- and beta-globin genes from a cloned library of human DNA. Cell. 1978 Dec;15(4):1157–1174. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(78)90043-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Lefranc M. P., Lefranc G., Rabbitts T. H. Inherited deletion of immunoglobulin heavy chain constant region genes in normal human individuals. Nature. 1982 Dec 23;300(5894):760–762. doi: 10.1038/300760a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Lutzker S., Alt F. W. Structure and expression of germ line immunoglobulin gamma 2b transcripts. Mol Cell Biol. 1988 Apr;8(4):1849–1852. doi: 10.1128/mcb.8.4.1849. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Maki R., Roeder W., Traunecker A., Sidman C., Wabl M., Raschke W., Tonegawa S. The role of DNA rearrangement and alternative RNA processing in the expression of immunoglobulin delta genes. Cell. 1981 May;24(2):353–365. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(81)90325-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Manley J. L., Fire A., Samuels M., Sharp P. A. In vitro transcription: whole-cell extract. Methods Enzymol. 1983;101:568–582. doi: 10.1016/0076-6879(83)01038-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Mills F. C., Fisher L. M., Kuroda R., Ford A. M., Gould H. J. DNase I hypersensitive sites in the chromatin of human mu immunoglobulin heavy-chain genes. Nature. 1983 Dec 22;306(5945):809–812. doi: 10.1038/306809a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Milstein C. P., Deverson E. V., Rabbitts T. H. The sequence of the human immunoglobulin mu-delta intron reveals possible vestigial switch segments. Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Aug 24;12(16):6523–6535. doi: 10.1093/nar/12.16.6523. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Moore K. W., Rogers J., Hunkapiller T., Early P., Nottenburg C., Weissman I., Bazin H., Wall R., Hood L. E. Expression of IgD may use both DNA rearrangement and RNA splicing mechanisms. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Mar;78(3):1800–1804. doi: 10.1073/pnas.78.3.1800. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Parslow T. G., Blair D. L., Murphy W. J., Granner D. K. Structure of the 5' ends of immunoglobulin genes: a novel conserved sequence. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 May;81(9):2650–2654. doi: 10.1073/pnas.81.9.2650. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Rabbitts T. H., Forster A., Baer R., Hamlyn P. H. Transcription enhancer identified near the human C mu immunoglobulin heavy chain gene is unavailable to the translocated c-myc gene in a Burkitt lymphoma. Nature. 1983 Dec 22;306(5945):806–809. doi: 10.1038/306806a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Ravetch J. V., Siebenlist U., Korsmeyer S., Waldmann T., Leder P. Structure of the human immunoglobulin mu locus: characterization of embryonic and rearranged J and D genes. Cell. 1981 Dec;27(3 Pt 2):583–591. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(81)90400-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Richards J. E., Gilliam A. C., Shen A., Tucker P. W., Blattner F. R. Unusual sequences in the murine immunoglobulin mu-delta heavy-chain region. Nature. 1983 Dec 1;306(5942):483–487. doi: 10.1038/306483a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Roeder W., Maki R., Traunecker A., Tonegawa S. Linkage of the four gamma subclass heavy chain genes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Jan;78(1):474–478. doi: 10.1073/pnas.78.1.474. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Sakano H., Hüppi K., Heinrich G., Tonegawa S. Sequences at the somatic recombination sites of immunoglobulin light-chain genes. Nature. 1979 Jul 26;280(5720):288–294. doi: 10.1038/280288a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Sakano H., Maki R., Kurosawa Y., Roeder W., Tonegawa S. Two types of somatic recombination are necessary for the generation of complete immunoglobulin heavy-chain genes. Nature. 1980 Aug 14;286(5774):676–683. doi: 10.1038/286676a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Sakano H., Rogers J. H., Hüppi K., Brack C., Traunecker A., Maki R., Wall R., Tonegawa S. Domains and the hinge region of an immunoglobulin heavy chain are encoded in separate DNA segments. Nature. 1979 Feb 22;277(5698):627–633. doi: 10.1038/277627a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Sanger F., Nicklen S., Coulson A. R. DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Dec;74(12):5463–5467. doi: 10.1073/pnas.74.12.5463. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Shinozaki K., Ohme M., Tanaka M., Wakasugi T., Hayashida N., Matsubayashi T., Zaita N., Chunwongse J., Obokata J., Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K. The complete nucleotide sequence of the tobacco chloroplast genome: its gene organization and expression. EMBO J. 1986 Sep;5(9):2043–2049. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1986.tb04464.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. Sollner-Webb B. Surprises in polymerase III transcription. Cell. 1988 Jan 29;52(2):153–154. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(88)90500-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  36. Solnick D. Alternative splicing caused by RNA secondary structure. Cell. 1985 Dec;43(3 Pt 2):667–676. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(85)90239-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  37. Solnick D. Trans splicing of mRNA precursors. Cell. 1985 Aug;42(1):157–164. doi: 10.1016/s0092-8674(85)80111-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  38. Tonegawa S. Somatic generation of antibody diversity. Nature. 1983 Apr 14;302(5909):575–581. doi: 10.1038/302575a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  39. Wahl G. M., Stern M., Stark G. R. Efficient transfer of large DNA fragments from agarose gels to diazobenzyloxymethyl-paper and rapid hybridization by using dextran sulfate. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Aug;76(8):3683–3687. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.8.3683. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  40. Yaoita Y., Kumagai Y., Okumura K., Honjo T. Expression of lymphocyte surface IgE does not require switch recombination. Nature. 1982 Jun 24;297(5868):697–699. doi: 10.1038/297697a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Nucleic Acids Research are provided here courtesy of Oxford University Press

RESOURCES