Table 1.
Epidemiology and plasmid characterization of representative OXA-24/40-producing Acinetobacter species clinical isolates from Portugal
| Species | PFGE subtype (no. of isolates) | Yr(s) of isolation | Hospitala | blaOXA-24/40 plasmid size(s) (kb)b (RFLP profile) (no. of isolates) | rep contentb (plasmid size [kb]) | Antibiotic resistance profiled |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A. baumannii | A (4) | 2001–2004 | HGSA | 90, 30 (A) (3) | repA_AB (30), repAci2, repAci6 | CAZ, ATM, IPM, MEM, PIP, FEP, CIP, TOB, TET, MIN |
| 2001–2004 | HGSA | 70, 30 (ND) (1) | repA_AB (30), repAci2, repAci6 | CAZ, ATM, IPM, MEM, PIP, FEP, CIP | ||
| A1 (3) | 2006–2007 | CHCB | 10c (B2) (3) | repA_AB, repAci2 (10), repAci6 | CAZ, ATM, IPM, MEM, PIP, FEP, CIP | |
| A3 (5) | 2006 | HGSA | 90, 10 (B2)c (1) | repA_AB, repAci2 (10), repAci6 | CAZ, ATM, IPM, MEM, PIP, FEP, CIP, (TOB) | |
| 2006 | HGSA | 30 (A1) (4) | repA_AB (30), repAci2, repAci6 | |||
| A4 (1) | 2003 | HGSA | 30 (ND), 10 (B)c (1) | repA_AB, repAci2(10) | CAZ, ATM, IPM, MEM, PIP, FEP, CIP, MIN | |
| A. haemolyticus | (2) | 2002 | HGSA | 90, 30 (A1′)c (2) | repA_AB (30), repAci2 | IPM, MEM, PIP, CIP, TOB, TET |
HGSA, Hospital Geral de Santo António (Northern region); CHCB, Centro Hospitalar da Cova da Beira (Center region).
Plasmid number, size, type, and rep content were determined by RFLP, PCR, and hybridization of S1- and I-CeuI-digested genomic DNA with specific probes (blaOXA-24/40, repAci2, rep_AB, and repAci6). ND, not done. Plasmids harboring blaOXA-24/40 appear in bold. Plasmid transfer by transformation is shown as underlined.
The blaOXA-24/40 probe additionally hybridized in a chromosomal band.
Parentheses indicate variability of a given resistance determinant. Resistance among transformants is represented by underlining. Abbreviations: CAZ, ceftazidime; ATM, aztreonam; IPM, imipenem; MEM, meropenem; PIP, piperacillin; FEP, cefepime; CIP, ciprofloxacin; TOB, tobramycin; TET, tetracycline; MIN, minocycline.