Skip to main content
PMC home page
Nucleic Acids Research logoLink to Nucleic Acids Research
. 1987 May 26;15(10):4021–4034. doi: 10.1093/nar/15.10.4021

Molecular relationships between U snRNP proteins as investigated by rabbit antisera and peptide mapping.

R Reuter, S Rothe, R Lührmann
PMCID: PMC340829  PMID: 2438650

Abstract

Each of the major U snRNP polypeptides from human cells was purified by electroelution from SDS-polyacrylamide gels. Rabbit antisera could be obtained against the individual proteins 70K, A, B', B and D, although rabbits failed to elicit antibodies against E, F and G. A strong structural homology was found between proteins B' and B, against which patients with connective tissue diseases produce predominantly anti-Sm autoantibodies. Thus, rabbit antisera against B' strongly crossreact with B and vice versa. Peptide patterns of the proteins B' and B obtained with chymotrypsin are identical with the exception of one fragment in each case. Polypeptide D, the third major Sm-antigenic protein, is structurally distinct from B' and B, as evidenced by the failure of anti-D antisera to crossreact with B' or B and vice versa, as well as by the different peptide patterns observed for proteins D and B' or B. The U1 specific polypeptide A and the U2 specific polypeptide B" share homologous regions, as indicated by the crossreactivity of anti-A antisera with protein B", and the occurrence of common fragments in the peptide patterns of the two proteins. Further homologies between other snRNP protein pairs were not detected.

Full text

PDF
4021

Images in this article

4025Image
on p.4025
4027Image
on p.4027
4029Image
on p.4029
4030Image
on p.4030
4031Image
on p.4031

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Berget S. M., Robberson B. L. U1, U2, and U4/U6 small nuclear ribonucleoproteins are required for in vitro splicing but not polyadenylation. Cell. 1986 Aug 29;46(5):691–696. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(86)90344-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Billings P. B., Barton J. R., Hoch S. O. A murine monoclonal antibody recognizes the 13,000 molecular weight polypeptide of the Sm small nuclear ribonucleoprotein complex. J Immunol. 1985 Jul;135(1):428–432. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Billings P. B., Hoch S. O. Characterization of U small nuclear RNA-associated proteins. J Biol Chem. 1984 Oct 25;259(20):12850–12856. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Black D. L., Chabot B., Steitz J. A. U2 as well as U1 small nuclear ribonucleoproteins are involved in premessenger RNA splicing. Cell. 1985 Oct;42(3):737–750. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(85)90270-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Black D. L., Steitz J. A. Pre-mRNA splicing in vitro requires intact U4/U6 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein. Cell. 1986 Aug 29;46(5):697–704. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(86)90345-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Bringmann P., Appel B., Rinke J., Reuter R., Theissen H., Lührmann R. Evidence for the existence of snRNAs U4 and U6 in a single ribonucleoprotein complex and for their association by intermolecular base pairing. EMBO J. 1984 Jun;3(6):1357–1363. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1984.tb01977.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Bringmann P., Lührmann R. Purification of the individual snRNPs U1, U2, U5 and U4/U6 from HeLa cells and characterization of their protein constituents. EMBO J. 1986 Dec 20;5(13):3509–3516. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1986.tb04676.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Bringmann P., Rinke J., Appel B., Reuter R., Lührmann R. Purification of snRNPs U1, U2, U4, U5 and U6 with 2,2,7-trimethylguanosine-specific antibody and definition of their constituent proteins reacting with anti-Sm and anti-(U1)RNP antisera. EMBO J. 1983;2(7):1129–1135. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1983.tb01557.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Chabot B., Black D. L., LeMaster D. M., Steitz J. A. The 3' splice site of pre-messenger RNA is recognized by a small nuclear ribonucleoprotein. Science. 1985 Dec 20;230(4732):1344–1349. doi: 10.1126/science.2933810. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Cleveland D. W., Fischer S. G., Kirschner M. W., Laemmli U. K. Peptide mapping by limited proteolysis in sodium dodecyl sulfate and analysis by gel electrophoresis. J Biol Chem. 1977 Feb 10;252(3):1102–1106. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Conner G. E., Nelson D., Wisniewolski R., Lahita R. G., Blobel G., Kunkel H. G. Protein antigens of the RNA-protein complexes detected by anti-SM and anti-RNP antibodies found in serum of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and related disorders. J Exp Med. 1982 Nov 1;156(5):1475–1485. doi: 10.1084/jem.156.5.1475. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Fisher D. E., Conner G. E., Reeves W. H., Blobel G., Kunkel H. G. Synthesis and assembly of human small nuclear ribonucleoproteins generated by cell-free translation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 Oct;80(20):6356–6360. doi: 10.1073/pnas.80.20.6356. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Guldner H. H., Lakomek H. J., Bautz F. A. Identification of human Sm and (U1) RNP antigens by immunoblotting. J Immunol Methods. 1983 Nov 11;64(1-2):45–59. doi: 10.1016/0022-1759(83)90383-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Habets W. J., Berden J. H., Hoch S. O., Van Venrooij W. J. Further characterization and subcellular localization of Sm and U1 ribonucleoprotein antigens. Eur J Immunol. 1985 Oct;15(10):992–997. doi: 10.1002/eji.1830151006. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Habets W., Hoet M., Bringmann P., Lührmann R., van Venrooij W. Autoantibodies to ribonucleoprotein particles containing U2 small nuclear RNA. EMBO J. 1985 Jun;4(6):1545–1550. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1985.tb03815.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Hashimoto C., Steitz J. A. U4 and U6 RNAs coexist in a single small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particle. Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Apr 11;12(7):3283–3293. doi: 10.1093/nar/12.7.3283. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Hinterberger M., Pettersson I., Steitz J. A. Isolation of small nuclear ribonucleoproteins containing U1, U2, U4, U5, and U6 RNAs. J Biol Chem. 1983 Feb 25;258(4):2604–2613. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Hunkapiller M. W., Lujan E., Ostrander F., Hood L. E. Isolation of microgram quantities of proteins from polyacrylamide gels for amino acid sequence analysis. Methods Enzymol. 1983;91:227–236. doi: 10.1016/s0076-6879(83)91019-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Kinlaw C. S., Robberson B. L., Berget S. M. Fractionation and characterization of human small nuclear ribonucleoproteins containing U1 and U2 RNAs. J Biol Chem. 1983 Jun 10;258(11):7181–7189. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Konigsberg W. H., Henderson L. Removal of sodium dodecyl sulfate from proteins by ion-pair extraction. Methods Enzymol. 1983;91:254–259. doi: 10.1016/s0076-6879(83)91022-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Krainer A. R., Maniatis T. Multiple factors including the small nuclear ribonucleoproteins U1 and U2 are necessary for pre-mRNA splicing in vitro. Cell. 1985 Oct;42(3):725–736. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(85)90269-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Krämer A., Keller W., Appel B., Lührmann R. The 5' terminus of the RNA moiety of U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles is required for the splicing of messenger RNA precursors. Cell. 1984 Aug;38(1):299–307. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(84)90551-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Laemmli U. K. Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4. Nature. 1970 Aug 15;227(5259):680–685. doi: 10.1038/227680a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Lerner E. A., Lerner M. R., Janeway C. A., Jr, Steitz J. A. Monoclonal antibodies to nucleic acid-containing cellular constituents: probes for molecular biology and autoimmune disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 May;78(5):2737–2741. doi: 10.1073/pnas.78.5.2737. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Lerner M. R., Steitz J. A. Antibodies to small nuclear RNAs complexed with proteins are produced by patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Nov;76(11):5495–5499. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.11.5495. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Merril C. R., Goldman D., Sedman S. A., Ebert M. H. Ultrasensitive stain for proteins in polyacrylamide gels shows regional variation in cerebrospinal fluid proteins. Science. 1981 Mar 27;211(4489):1437–1438. doi: 10.1126/science.6162199. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Mimori T., Hinterberger M., Pettersson I., Steitz J. A. Autoantibodies to the U2 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein in a patient with scleroderma-polymyositis overlap syndrome. J Biol Chem. 1984 Jan 10;259(1):560–565. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Mount S. M., Pettersson I., Hinterberger M., Karmas A., Steitz J. A. The U1 small nuclear RNA-protein complex selectively binds a 5' splice site in vitro. Cell. 1983 Jun;33(2):509–518. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(83)90432-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Padgett R. A., Grabowski P. J., Konarska M. M., Seiler S., Sharp P. A. Splicing of messenger RNA precursors. Annu Rev Biochem. 1986;55:1119–1150. doi: 10.1146/annurev.bi.55.070186.005351. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Padgett R. A., Mount S. M., Steitz J. A., Sharp P. A. Splicing of messenger RNA precursors is inhibited by antisera to small nuclear ribonucleoprotein. Cell. 1983 Nov;35(1):101–107. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(83)90212-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Pettersson I., Hinterberger M., Mimori T., Gottlieb E., Steitz J. A. The structure of mammalian small nuclear ribonucleoproteins. Identification of multiple protein components reactive with anti-(U1)ribonucleoprotein and anti-Sm autoantibodies. J Biol Chem. 1984 May 10;259(9):5907–5914. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Pettersson I., Wang G., Smith E. I., Wigzell H., Hedfors E., Horn J., Sharp G. C. The use of immunoblotting and immunoprecipitation of (U) small nuclear ribonucleoproteins in the analysis of sera of patients with mixed connective tissue disease and systemic lupus erythematosus. A cross-sectional, longitudinal study. Arthritis Rheum. 1986 Aug;29(8):986–996. doi: 10.1002/art.1780290807. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Reddy R., Busch H. Small nuclear RNAs and RNA processing. Prog Nucleic Acid Res Mol Biol. 1983;30:127–162. doi: 10.1016/s0079-6603(08)60685-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Reuter R., Lehner C. F., Nigg E. A., Lührmann R. A monoclonal antibody specific for snRNPs U1 and U2. FEBS Lett. 1986 May 26;201(1):25–30. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(86)80564-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. Reuter R., Lührmann R. Immunization of mice with purified U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (RNP) induces a pattern of antibody specificities characteristic of the anti-Sm and anti-RNP autoimmune response of patients with lupus erythematosus, as measured by monoclonal antibodies. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Nov;83(22):8689–8693. doi: 10.1073/pnas.83.22.8689. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  36. Rinke J., Appel B., Digweed M., Lührmann R. Localization of a base-paired interaction between small nuclear RNAs U4 and U6 in intact U4/U6 ribonucleoprotein particles by psoralen cross-linking. J Mol Biol. 1985 Oct 20;185(4):721–731. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(85)90057-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  37. Tan E. M. Autoantibodies to nuclear antigens (ANA): their immunobiology and medicine. Adv Immunol. 1982;33:167–240. doi: 10.1016/s0065-2776(08)60836-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  38. Towbin H., Staehelin T., Gordon J. Electrophoretic transfer of proteins from polyacrylamide gels to nitrocellulose sheets: procedure and some applications. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Sep;76(9):4350–4354. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.9.4350. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  39. Wieben E. D., Madore S. J., Pederson T. Protein binding sites are conserved in U1 small nuclear RNA from insects and mammals. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 Mar;80(5):1217–1220. doi: 10.1073/pnas.80.5.1217. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  40. Williams D. G., Stocks M. R., Smith P. R., Maini R. N. Murine lupus monoclonal antibodies define five epitopes on two different Sm polypeptides. Immunology. 1986 Jul;58(3):495–500. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Nucleic Acids Research are provided here courtesy of Oxford University Press

RESOURCES