Abstract
We have analyzed a repetitive DNA sequence found in the 3'-flanking region of the chicken vitellogenin gene. By its sequence, the repetitive DNA has been identified as a hitherto unreported member of the chicken CR1 family of repetitive elements. The CR1 sequence displays the structural characteristics of a long terminal repeat located at the 3' end of an avian retrovirus. The CR1 element lies 2.2 kb downstream of the vitellogenin gene and 'points' away from the gene rather than toward it. In this respect, this element differs from other CR1 repeats. The CR1 element is embedded in a region showing changes in chromatin structure implying a potential role for this sequence in determining the structural state of the local chromatin.
Full text
PDF









Images in this article
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Arnberg A. C., Meijlink F. C., Mulder J., van Bruggen E. F., Gruber M., Geert A. B. Isolation and characterization of genomic clones covering the chicken vitellogenin gene. Nucleic Acids Res. 1981 Jul 24;9(14):3271–3286. doi: 10.1093/nar/9.14.3271. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Bell G. I., Pictet R., Rutter W. J. Analysis of the regions flanking the human insulin gene and sequence of an Alu family member. Nucleic Acids Res. 1980 Sep 25;8(18):4091–4109. doi: 10.1093/nar/8.18.4091. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Burch J. B., Weintraub H. Temporal order of chromatin structural changes associated with activation of the major chicken vitellogenin gene. Cell. 1983 May;33(1):65–76. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(83)90335-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Davidson E. H., Britten R. J. Regulation of gene expression: possible role of repetitive sequences. Science. 1979 Jun 8;204(4397):1052–1059. doi: 10.1126/science.451548. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Elbrecht A., Lazier C. B., Protter A. A., Williams D. L. Independent developmental programs for two estrogen-regulated genes. Science. 1984 Aug 10;225(4662):639–641. doi: 10.1126/science.6740331. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Elder J. T., Pan J., Duncan C. H., Weissman S. M. Transcriptional analysis of interspersed repetitive polymerase III transcription units in human DNA. Nucleic Acids Res. 1981 Mar 11;9(5):1171–1189. doi: 10.1093/nar/9.5.1171. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Jelinek W. R., Schmid C. W. Repetitive sequences in eukaryotic DNA and their expression. Annu Rev Biochem. 1982;51:813–844. doi: 10.1146/annurev.bi.51.070182.004121. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Jelinek W. R., Toomey T. P., Leinwand L., Duncan C. H., Biro P. A., Choudary P. V., Weissman S. M., Rubin C. M., Houck C. M., Deininger P. L. Ubiquitous, interspersed repeated sequences in mammalian genomes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Mar;77(3):1398–1402. doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.3.1398. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Philipsen J. N., Gruber M., Ab G. Expression-linked demethylation of 5-methylcytosines in the chicken vitellogenin gene region. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1985 Dec 18;826(4):186–194. doi: 10.1016/0167-4781(85)90005-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sanger F., Nicklen S., Coulson A. R. DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Dec;74(12):5463–5467. doi: 10.1073/pnas.74.12.5463. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Stumph W. E., Baez M., Beattie W. G., Tsai M. J., O'Malley B. W. Characterization of deoxyribonucleic acid sequences at the 5' and 3' borders of the 100 kilobase pair ovalbumin gene domain. Biochemistry. 1983 Jan 18;22(2):306–315. doi: 10.1021/bi00271a012. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Stumph W. E., Hodgson C. P., Tsai M. J., O'Malley B. W. Genomic structure and possible retroviral origin of the chicken CR1 repetitive DNA sequence family. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Nov;81(21):6667–6671. doi: 10.1073/pnas.81.21.6667. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Stumph W. E., Kristo P., Tsai M. J., O'Malley B. W. A chicken middle-repetitive DNA sequence which shares homology with mammalian ubiquitous repeats. Nucleic Acids Res. 1981 Oct 24;9(20):5383–5397. doi: 10.1093/nar/9.20.5383. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Tashima M., Calabretta B., Torelli G., Scofield M., Maizel A., Saunders G. F. Presence of a highly repetitive and widely dispersed DNA sequence in the human genome. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Mar;78(3):1508–1512. doi: 10.1073/pnas.78.3.1508. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Varmus H. E. Form and function of retroviral proviruses. Science. 1982 May 21;216(4548):812–820. doi: 10.1126/science.6177038. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Weiner A. M., Deininger P. L., Efstratiadis A. Nonviral retroposons: genes, pseudogenes, and transposable elements generated by the reverse flow of genetic information. Annu Rev Biochem. 1986;55:631–661. doi: 10.1146/annurev.bi.55.070186.003215. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Wieringa B., van der Zwaag-Gerritsen J., Mulder J., Ab G., Gruber M. Translation in vivo and in vitro of mRNAs coding for vitellogenin, serum albumin and very-low-density lipoprotein II from chicken liver. A difference in translational efficiency. Eur J Biochem. 1981 Mar;114(3):635–641. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1981.tb05191.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Wiskocil R., Bensky P., Dower W., Goldberger R. F., Gordon J. I., Deeley R. G. Coordinate regulation of two estrogen-dependent genes in avian liver. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Aug;77(8):4474–4478. doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.8.4474. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Yanisch-Perron C., Vieira J., Messing J. Improved M13 phage cloning vectors and host strains: nucleotide sequences of the M13mp18 and pUC19 vectors. Gene. 1985;33(1):103–119. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(85)90120-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

