Abstract
To identify the adenovirus-5 EIII promoter sequences that are involved in basal level of transcription, a series of promoter deletion mutants were analyzed in vivo by transfection into HeLa cells and in vitro using a HeLa whole cell extract system. Three regions within the EIII promoter were shown to be important for efficient transcription: the TATA sequence, an upstream element centered at -55/-57, and an additional element located between -111 and -233. In vivo transcriptional analysis of EIII promoter deletions in the presence of adenovirus EIa gene products have demonstrated that the same three regions are required for EIa-stimulated transcription. We conclude that there is no sequence element in the EIII promoter between -15 and -233 that is uniquely required for the stimulation of EIII transcription by EIa gene products.
Full text
PDF![1209](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/afbe/341067/35d22054dfb5/nar00298-0172.png)
![1210](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/afbe/341067/0c6c42ebbc22/nar00298-0173.png)
![1211](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/afbe/341067/ade06efc40fe/nar00298-0174.png)
![1212](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/afbe/341067/ce08568f0a0c/nar00298-0175.png)
![1213](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/afbe/341067/deef7cbcf5b8/nar00298-0176.png)
![1214](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/afbe/341067/278ce6f7a347/nar00298-0177.png)
![1215](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/afbe/341067/da76373c8ba3/nar00298-0178.png)
![1216](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/afbe/341067/ccf6962b9515/nar00298-0179.png)
![1217](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/afbe/341067/aba481b3af90/nar00298-0180.png)
![1218](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/afbe/341067/2397999ea006/nar00298-0181.png)
![1219](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/afbe/341067/caf25a9fc46e/nar00298-0182.png)
![1220](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/afbe/341067/d63b24596ee0/nar00298-0183.png)
![1221](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/afbe/341067/95fde1c5e849/nar00298-0184.png)
Images in this article
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Banerji J., Rusconi S., Schaffner W. Expression of a beta-globin gene is enhanced by remote SV40 DNA sequences. Cell. 1981 Dec;27(2 Pt 1):299–308. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(81)90413-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Benoist C., Chambon P. In vivo sequence requirements of the SV40 early promotor region. Nature. 1981 Mar 26;290(5804):304–310. doi: 10.1038/290304a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Berk A. J., Lee F., Harrison T., Williams J., Sharp P. A. Pre-early adenovirus 5 gene product regulates synthesis of early viral messenger RNAs. Cell. 1979 Aug;17(4):935–944. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(79)90333-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Bos J. L., ten Wolde-Kraamwinkel H. C. The E1b promoter of Ad12 in mouse L tk- cells is activated by adenovirus region E1a. EMBO J. 1983;2(1):73–76. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1983.tb01383.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Dierks P., van Ooyen A., Cochran M. D., Dobkin C., Reiser J., Weissmann C. Three regions upstream from the cap site are required for efficient and accurate transcription of the rabbit beta-globin gene in mouse 3T6 cells. Cell. 1983 Mar;32(3):695–706. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(83)90055-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Flint S. J. Expression of adenoviral genetic information in productively infected cells. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1982 Apr 29;651(2-3):175–208. doi: 10.1016/0304-419x(82)90011-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gaynor R. B., Hillman D., Berk A. J. Adenovirus early region 1A protein activates transcription of a nonviral gene introduced into mammalian cells by infection or transfection. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Feb;81(4):1193–1197. doi: 10.1073/pnas.81.4.1193. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Graham F. L., Smiley J., Russell W. C., Nairn R. Characteristics of a human cell line transformed by DNA from human adenovirus type 5. J Gen Virol. 1977 Jul;36(1):59–74. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-36-1-59. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Green M. R., Treisman R., Maniatis T. Transcriptional activation of cloned human beta-globin genes by viral immediate-early gene products. Cell. 1983 Nov;35(1):137–148. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(83)90216-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Grosveld G. C., Shewmaker C. K., Jat P., Flavell R. A. Localization of DNA sequences necessary for transcription of the rabbit beta-globin gene in vitro. Cell. 1981 Jul;25(1):215–226. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(81)90246-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Grosveld G. C., de Boer E., Shewmaker C. K., Flavell R. A. DNA sequences necessary for transcription of the rabbit beta-globin gene in vivo. Nature. 1982 Jan 14;295(5845):120–126. doi: 10.1038/295120a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hen R., Sassone-Corsi P., Corden J., Gaub M. P., Chambon P. Sequences upstream from the T-A-T-A box are required in vivo and in vitro for efficient transcription from the adenovirus serotype 2 major late promoter. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Dec;79(23):7132–7136. doi: 10.1073/pnas.79.23.7132. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Imperiale M. J., Feldman L. T., Nevins J. R. Activation of gene expression by adenovirus and herpesvirus regulatory genes acting in trans and by a cis-acting adenovirus enhancer element. Cell. 1983 Nov;35(1):127–136. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(83)90215-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Jones N. C., Richter J. D., Weeks D. L., Smith L. D. Regulation of adenovirus transcription by an E1a gene in microinjected Xenopus laevis oocytes. Mol Cell Biol. 1983 Dec;3(12):2131–2142. doi: 10.1128/mcb.3.12.2131. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Jones N., Shenk T. An adenovirus type 5 early gene function regulates expression of other early viral genes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Aug;76(8):3665–3669. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.8.3665. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lee D. C., Roeder R. G., Wold W. S. DNA sequences affecting specific initiation of transcription in vitro from the EIII promoter of adenovirus 2. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Jan;79(1):41–45. doi: 10.1073/pnas.79.1.41. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Leff T., Elkaim R., Goding C. R., Jalinot P., Sassone-Corsi P., Perricaudet M., Kédinger C., Chambon P. Individual products of the adenovirus 12S and 13S EIa mRNAs stimulate viral EIIa and EIII expression at the transcriptional level. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Jul;81(14):4381–4385. doi: 10.1073/pnas.81.14.4381. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lusky M., Botchan M. Inhibition of SV40 replication in simian cells by specific pBR322 DNA sequences. Nature. 1981 Sep 3;293(5827):79–81. doi: 10.1038/293079a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Manley J. L., Fire A., Cano A., Sharp P. A., Gefter M. L. DNA-dependent transcription of adenovirus genes in a soluble whole-cell extract. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Jul;77(7):3855–3859. doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.7.3855. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- McKnight S. L., Kingsbury R. C., Spence A., Smith M. The distal transcription signals of the herpesvirus tk gene share a common hexanucleotide control sequence. Cell. 1984 May;37(1):253–262. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(84)90321-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Nevins J. R. Induction of the synthesis of a 70,000 dalton mammalian heat shock protein by the adenovirus E1A gene product. Cell. 1982 Jul;29(3):913–919. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(82)90453-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sassone-Corsi P., Corden J., Kédinger C., Chambon P. Promotion of specific in vitro transcription by excised "TATA" box sequences inserted in a foreign nucleotide environment. Nucleic Acids Res. 1981 Aug 25;9(16):3941–3958. doi: 10.1093/nar/9.16.3941. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sassone-Corsi P., Dougherty J. P., Wasylyk B., Chambon P. Stimulation of in vitro transcription from heterologous promoters by the simian virus 40 enhancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Jan;81(2):308–312. doi: 10.1073/pnas.81.2.308. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sassone-Corsi P., Hen R., Borrelli E., Leff T., Chambon P. Far upstream sequences are required for efficient transcription from the adenovirus-2 E1A transcription unit. Nucleic Acids Res. 1983 Dec 20;11(24):8735–8745. doi: 10.1093/nar/11.24.8735. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Svensson C., Akusjärvi G. Adenovirus 2 early region 1A stimulates expression of both viral and cellular genes. EMBO J. 1984 Apr;3(4):789–794. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1984.tb01886.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Treisman R., Green M. R., Maniatis T. cis and trans activation of globin gene transcription in transient assays. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 Dec;80(24):7428–7432. doi: 10.1073/pnas.80.24.7428. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Wasylyk B., Derbyshire R., Guy A., Molko D., Roget A., Téoule R., Chambon P. Specific in vitro transcription of conalbumin gene is drastically decreased by single-point mutation in T-A-T-A box homology sequence. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Dec;77(12):7024–7028. doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.12.7024. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Wasylyk B., Wasylyk C., Augereau P., Chambon P. The SV40 72 bp repeat preferentially potentiates transcription starting from proximal natural or substitute promoter elements. Cell. 1983 Feb;32(2):503–514. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(83)90470-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Weeks D. L., Jones N. C. E1A control of gene expression is mediated by sequences 5' to the transcriptional starts of the early viral genes. Mol Cell Biol. 1983 Jul;3(7):1222–1234. doi: 10.1128/mcb.3.7.1222. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- de Villiers J., Schaffner W. A small segment of polyoma virus DNA enhances the expression of a cloned beta-globin gene over a distance of 1400 base pairs. Nucleic Acids Res. 1981 Dec 11;9(23):6251–6264. doi: 10.1093/nar/9.23.6251. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]