Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Nucleic Acids Research logoLink to Nucleic Acids Research
. 1985 May 24;13(10):3427–3438. doi: 10.1093/nar/13.10.3427

Analysis of the promoter region and the N-propeptide domain of the human pro alpha 2(I) collagen gene.

L A Dickson, W de Wet, M Di Liberto, D Weil, F Ramirez
PMCID: PMC341250  PMID: 4011429

Abstract

We have located the exon coding for the start site of transcription of the human pro alpha 2(I) collagen gene. Comparison with the homologous region of other fibrillar collagen genes has confirmed the existence of a consensus sequence (CATGTCTA-n-TAGACATG) capable of forming a hairpin secondary structure possibly involved in the regulation of collagen biosynthesis. Sequence comparison of the chromosomal regions at the 5' end of the pro alpha 1(I) and pro alpha 2(I) collagen genes failed to identify unique DNA elements potentially mediating common regulatory signals. Sequencing of four exons coding for the N-terminal propeptide has determined most of its structure and it has implied the existence of smaller coding units similar to the 11 and 18 bp exons originally described in the avian gene.

Full text

PDF
3427

Images in this article

3431Image
on p.3431

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Adams S. L., Sobel M. E., Howard B. H., Olden K., Yamada K. M., de Crombrugghe B., Pastan I. Levels of translatable mRNAs for cell surface protein, collagen precursors, and two membrane proteins are altered in Rous sarcoma virus-transformed chick embryo fibroblasts. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Aug;74(8):3399–3403. doi: 10.1073/pnas.74.8.3399. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Aho S., Tate V., Boedtker H. Location of the 11 bp exon in the chicken pro alpha 2(I) collagen gene. Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Aug 10;12(15):6117–6125. doi: 10.1093/nar/12.15.6117. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Berk A. J., Sharp P. A. Spliced early mRNAs of simian virus 40. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1978 Mar;75(3):1274–1278. doi: 10.1073/pnas.75.3.1274. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Bornstein P., Sage H. Structurally distinct collagen types. Annu Rev Biochem. 1980;49:957–1003. doi: 10.1146/annurev.bi.49.070180.004521. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Chu M. L., de Wet W., Bernard M., Ding J. F., Morabito M., Myers J., Williams C., Ramirez F. Human pro alpha 1(I) collagen gene structure reveals evolutionary conservation of a pattern of introns and exons. 1984 Jul 26-Aug 1Nature. 310(5975):337–340. doi: 10.1038/310337a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Chu M. L., de Wet W., Bernard M., Ramirez F. Fine structural analysis of the human pro-alpha 1 (I) collagen gene. Promoter structure, AluI repeats, and polymorphic transcripts. J Biol Chem. 1985 Feb 25;260(4):2315–2320. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Finer M. H., Fodor E. J., Boedtker H., Doty P. Endonuclease S1-sensitive site in chicken pro-alpha 2(I) collagen 5' flanking gene region. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Mar;81(6):1659–1663. doi: 10.1073/pnas.81.6.1659. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Harbers K., Kuehn M., Delius H., Jaenisch R. Insertion of retrovirus into the first intron of alpha 1(I) collagen gene to embryonic lethal mutation in mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Mar;81(5):1504–1508. doi: 10.1073/pnas.81.5.1504. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Kohno K., Martin G. R., Yamada Y. Isolation and characterization of a cDNA clone for the amino-terminal portion of the pro-alpha 1(II) chain of cartilage collagen. J Biol Chem. 1984 Nov 25;259(22):13668–13673. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Maizel J. V., Jr, Lenk R. P. Enhanced graphic matrix analysis of nucleic acid and protein sequences. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Dec;78(12):7665–7669. doi: 10.1073/pnas.78.12.7665. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Marsilio E., Sobel M. E., Smith B. D. Absence of procollagen alpha 2(I) mRNA in chemically transformed rat liver epithelial cells. J Biol Chem. 1984 Feb 10;259(3):1401–1404. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Maxam A. M., Gilbert W. A new method for sequencing DNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Feb;74(2):560–564. doi: 10.1073/pnas.74.2.560. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. McKeon C., Schmidt A., de Crombrugghe B. A sequence conserved in both the chicken and mouse alpha 2(I) collagen promoter contains sites sensitive to S1 nuclease. J Biol Chem. 1984 May 25;259(10):6636–6640. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Myers J. C., Dickson L. A., de Wet W. J., Bernard M. P., Chu M. L., Di Liberto M., Pepe G., Sangiorgi F. O., Ramirez F. Analysis of the 3' end of the human pro-alpha 2(I) collagen gene. Utilization of multiple polyadenylation sites in cultured fibroblasts. J Biol Chem. 1983 Aug 25;258(16):10128–10135. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Prockop D. J., Kivirikko K. I. Heritable diseases of collagen. N Engl J Med. 1984 Aug 9;311(6):376–386. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198408093110606. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Schmidt A., Yamada Y., de Crombrugghe B. DNA sequence comparison of the regulatory signals at the 5' end of the mouse and chick alpha 2 type I collagen genes. J Biol Chem. 1984 Jun 25;259(12):7411–7415. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Steinmann B., Tuderman L., Peltonen L., Martin G. R., McKusick V. A., Prockop D. J. Evidence for a structural mutation of procollagen type I in a patient with the Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type VII. J Biol Chem. 1980 Sep 25;255(18):8887–8893. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Tate V. E., Finer M. H., Boedtker H., Doty P. Chick pro alpha 2 (I) collagen gene: exon location and coding potential for the prepropeptide. Nucleic Acids Res. 1983 Jan 11;11(1):91–104. doi: 10.1093/nar/11.1.91. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Vogeli G., Ohkubo H., Sobel M. E., Yamada Y., Pastan I., de Crombrugghe B. Structure of the promoter for chicken alpha 2 type I collagen gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Sep;78(9):5334–5338. doi: 10.1073/pnas.78.9.5334. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. de Wet W. J., Pihlajaniemi T., Myers J., Kelly T. E., Prockop D. J. Synthesis of a shortened pro-alpha 2(I) chain and decreased synthesis of pro-alpha 2(I) chains in a proband with osteogenesis imperfecta. J Biol Chem. 1983 Jun 25;258(12):7721–7728. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Nucleic Acids Research are provided here courtesy of Oxford University Press

RESOURCES