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Percentage change in minute ventilation during NREM and REM sleep. The percentage change in minute ventilation (V̇E) during nonrapid eye movement (NREM) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep is shown for the 3groups. See Figure 1 for a description of the box plots. During NREM and REM sleep, study participants with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) had a lower percentage change in V̇E in response to CO2 than those in the control groups.
