Abstract
The results of ribonuclease T1 oligonucleotide fingerprint analyses indicate that influenza virus messenger RNAs are incomplete transcripts of the corresponding genome RNAs and that in this respect they differ from the unpolyadenylated virus specific complementary RNAs obtained from infected cells. From the position of the untranscribed oligonucleotide in the virus RNA sequence and the ability or inability of the different transcripts to protect the 5' terminal nucleotide of virus RNAs against nuclease S1 digestion, it is concluded that whereas the unpolyadenylated cRNAs are complete transcripts, the polyadenylated messenger RNAs lack sequences complementary to the 5' end of the genome molecules.
Full text
PDFImages in this article
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Bertrand K., Korn L., Lee F., Platt T., Squires C. L., Squires C., Yanofsky C. New features of the regulation of the tryptophan operon. Science. 1975 Jul 4;189(4196):22–26. doi: 10.1126/science.1094538. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Bonner W. M., Laskey R. A. A film detection method for tritium-labelled proteins and nucleic acids in polyacrylamide gels. Eur J Biochem. 1974 Jul 1;46(1):83–88. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1974.tb03599.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Etkind P. R., Buchhagen D. L., Herz C., Broni B. B., Krug R. M. The segments of influenza viral mRNA. J Virol. 1977 May;22(2):346–352. doi: 10.1128/jvi.22.2.346-352.1977. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hay A. J. Studies on the formation of the influenza virus envelope. Virology. 1974 Aug;60(2):398–418. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(74)90335-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ikemura T., Dahlberg J. E. Small ribonucleic acids of Escherichia coli. I. Characterization by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and fingerprint analysis. J Biol Chem. 1973 Jul 25;248(14):5024–5032. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ito Y., Joklik W. K. Temperature-sensitive mutants of reovirus. II. Anomalous electrophoretic migration of certain hybrid RNA molecules composed of mutant plus strands and wild-type minus strands. Virology. 1972 Oct;50(1):202–208. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(72)90360-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Laskey R. A., Mills A. D. Quantitative film detection of 3H and 14C in polyacrylamide gels by fluorography. Eur J Biochem. 1975 Aug 15;56(2):335–341. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1975.tb02238.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- McGeoch D., Fellner P., Newton C. Influenza virus genome consists of eight distinct RNA species. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1976 Sep;73(9):3045–3049. doi: 10.1073/pnas.73.9.3045. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- PORTERFIELD J. S. A simple plaque-inhibition test for the study of arthropod-borne viruses. Bull World Health Organ. 1960;22:373–380. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Palese P., Schulman J. L. Differences in RNA patterns of influenza A viruses. J Virol. 1976 Mar;17(3):876–884. doi: 10.1128/jvi.17.3.876-884.1976. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Pieczenik G., Barrell B. G., Gefter M. L. Bacteriophage phi 80-induced low molecular weight RNA. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1972 Sep;152(1):152–165. doi: 10.1016/0003-9861(72)90203-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Pons M. W. A reexamination of influenza single-and double-stranded RNAs by gel electrophoresis. Virology. 1976 Feb;69(2):789–792. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(76)90508-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Pons M. W. Early RNA synthesis in influenza virus-infected cells. Virology. 1977 Feb;76(2):855–859. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(77)90265-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Proudfoot N. J., Cheng C. C., Brownlee G. G. Sequence analysis of eukaryotic mRNA. Prog Nucleic Acid Res Mol Biol. 1976;19:123–134. doi: 10.1016/s0079-6603(08)60914-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Richardson C. C. Phosphorylation of nucleic acid by an enzyme from T4 bacteriophage-infected Escherichia coli. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1965 Jul;54(1):158–165. doi: 10.1073/pnas.54.1.158. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ritchey M. B., Palese P., Schulman J. L. Mapping of the influenza virus genome. III. Identification of genes coding for nucleoprotein, membrane protein, and nonstructural protein. J Virol. 1976 Oct;20(1):307–313. doi: 10.1128/jvi.20.1.307-313.1976. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Rosenberg M., de Chrombrugghe B., Musso R. Determination of nucleotide sequences beyond the sites of transcriptional termination. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1976 Mar;73(3):717–721. doi: 10.1073/pnas.73.3.717. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Shatkin A. J., Sipe J. D., Loh P. Separation of ten reovirus genome segments by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. J Virol. 1968 Oct;2(10):986–991. doi: 10.1128/jvi.2.10.986-991.1968. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- de Wachter R., Fiers W. Preparative two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of 32 P-labeled RNA. Anal Biochem. 1972 Sep;49(1):184–197. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(72)90257-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]