Table 3.
Author, Year | Adequate Sequence Generation | Allocation Concealment Adequate | Blinding Adequate | Dropouts Adequate and Outcome Data Complete | Funder Adequate | Lack of other Potential Threats to Validity | Overall Risk of Bias |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mahloudji, 1975 [23] | Unclear | Yes | Unclear | Unclear | Yes | Unclear | High |
Hambidge, 1979 [24] | Unclear | Unclear | Yes | Unclear | No | Unclear | High |
Walravens, 1983 [25] | Unclear | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Moderate |
Gibson, 1989 [26] | Unclear | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | High |
Cavan, 1993 [27] | Unclear | Yes | Yes | Unclear | Yes | No | High |
Friis, 1997 [28] | Unclear | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | High |
Rosado, 1997 [29] | Unclear | Yes | Yes | Unclear | Yes | Yes | High |
Ruz, 1997 [30] | Unclear | Yes | Yes | Unclear | Yes | Yes | High |
Sandstead, 1998 [31] | Unclear | Unclear | Yes | Unclear | No | No | High |
Clark, 1999 [32] | Yes | Yes | Yes | Unclear | No | Unclear | High |
Smith, 1999 [33] | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Yes | Yes | Yes | High |
Muñoz, 2000 [34] | Unclear | No | Yes | Yes | Nor | Yes | High |
Lopez de Romana, 2005 [35] | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Yes | Yes | Yes | High |
Silva, 2006 [36] | Unclear | Unclear | No | Yes | No | Yes | High |
Sandstead, 2008 [37] | Yes | Yes | Yes | Unclear | No | Yes | Moderate |
Wuehler, 2008 [38] | Yes | Unclear | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Low |
de Oliveira, 2009 [39] | Unclear | Unclear | No | Unclear | No | Yes | High |
Uckarde, 2009 [40] | Unclear | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | High |