Abstract
Epistaxis though common, is rarely life threatening. Routinely nose pinching, anterior find posterior nasal packing and endoscopic cauterization of bleeding points is sufficient to control epistaxis in 99% of the cases. It is mandatory to rule out local and systemic causes before labeling a case as idiopathic by using a battery of investigative modalities. Here are two interesting cases of epistaxis which did not respond to conventional therapeutic modalities in which transantral internal maxillary artery ligation was attempted leading to complete cure.
Key Words: Epistaxis, IMA (interanal maxillary artery)
Full Text
The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (185.6 KB).
References
- 1.Vitek J. Idiopathic intractable epistaxis endovascular therapy. Radiology. 1991;181(1):113–6. doi: 10.1148/radiology.181.1.1887018. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 2.McDonald TJ. Nosebleed in children BAckground and techniques to stop the flow. Postgiad Med. 1987;81(1):217–24. doi: 10.1080/00325481.1987.11699677. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 3.Ellis D A, LeLiever W C. Indications for internal maxillary artery hgation in the treatment of epistaxis. J Otolaryngol. 1980;9(3):228–32. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 4.Shaheen O H. Arterial epistaxis J. Laryngol Otol. 1975;89(1):17–34. doi: 10.1017/s002221510008004x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 5.Schaitkin B, Strauss M, Houck JR. medial versus surgical therapy a comparison of efficacy, complications, and economic considerations. Laryngoscope. 1987;97(12):1392–6. doi: 10.1288/00005537-198712000-00003. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 6.Nair K K. Transantral hgation of the internal maxillary artery. LAryngoscope. 1982;92(9 pt 1):1060–3. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 7.Small M, Maran A G. Epistaxis and arterial hgation. J Laryngol Otol. 1984;98(3):281–4. doi: 10.1017/S0022215100146572. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 8.Metson R, Lane R. Internal maxillary artery hgation for epistaxis an analysis of failures. Laryngoscope. 1988;98(7):760–4. doi: 10.1288/00005537-198807000-00015. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 9.Breda S D, Choi I S, Persky M S, Weiss M. Embolization in the treatment of epistaxis, after failure ot internal maxillary artery ligation. Laryngoscope. 1989;99(8 Pt 1):809–13. doi: 10.1288/00005537-198908000-00007. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 10.Cooke Et. An evaluation and clinical study of severe epistaxis treated by arterial hgation. J Laryngol Otol. 1985;99(8):745–9. doi: 10.1017/S0022215100097607. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 11.Waldron J, Stafford N J. Ligation of the external carotid artery tot severe epistaxis. J Otolaryngol. 1992;21(4):249–51. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 12.Wormald P J, Wee DT, Hasselt CA. Endoscopic ligation of the sphenopalatine artery tor refractory posterior epistaxis. Am J Rhinol. 2000;14(4):261–4. doi: 10.2500/105065800779954455. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]