Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America logoLink to Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
. 1984 May;81(9):2733–2737. doi: 10.1073/pnas.81.9.2733

An unusual 5' splice sequence is efficiently utilized in vivo.

H D Fischer, J B Dodgson, S Hughes, J D Engel
PMCID: PMC345144  PMID: 6326141

Abstract

The minor adult chicken alpha-globin gene (alpha D) has an intron splicing sequence at the 5' end of the second intron that begins with the dinucleotide G-C rather than the usual G-T. To understand what role this splice sequence plays in the processing and maturation of nuclear RNA to cytoplasmic RNA, we have analyzed the intron processing of the alpha D-globin transcript in both heterologous (monkey) and homologous (chicken) cells using simian virus 40 and retrovirus vectors, respectively. In both cell types, both introns of the alpha D-globin gene are efficiently and precisely removed.

Full text

PDF
2733

Images in this article

2735Image
on p.2735
2736Image
on p.2736
2736Image
on p.2736
2736Image
on p.2736
2736Image
on p.2736

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Avvedimento V. E., Vogeli G., Yamada Y., Maizel J. V., Jr, Pastan I., de Crombrugghe B. Correlation between splicing sites within an intron and their sequence complementarity with U1 RNA. Cell. 1980 Oct;21(3):689–696. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(80)90432-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Berk A. J., Sharp P. A. Sizing and mapping of early adenovirus mRNAs by gel electrophoresis of S1 endonuclease-digested hybrids. Cell. 1977 Nov;12(3):721–732. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(77)90272-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Breathnach R., Benoist C., O'Hare K., Gannon F., Chambon P. Ovalbumin gene: evidence for a leader sequence in mRNA and DNA sequences at the exon-intron boundaries. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1978 Oct;75(10):4853–4857. doi: 10.1073/pnas.75.10.4853. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Brown J. L., Ingram V. M. Structural studies on chick embryonic hemoglobins. J Biol Chem. 1974 Jun 25;249(12):3960–3972. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Chapman B. S., Tobin A. J., Hood L. E. Complete amino acid sequences of the major early embryonic alpha-like globins of the chicken. J Biol Chem. 1980 Oct 10;255(19):9051–9059. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Chirgwin J. M., Przybyla A. E., MacDonald R. J., Rutter W. J. Isolation of biologically active ribonucleic acid from sources enriched in ribonuclease. Biochemistry. 1979 Nov 27;18(24):5294–5299. doi: 10.1021/bi00591a005. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Czernilofsky A. P., Levinson A. D., Varmus H. E., Bishop J. M., Tischer E., Goodman H. Corrections to the nucleotide sequence of the src gene of Rous sarcoma virus. Nature. 1983 Feb 24;301(5902):736–738. doi: 10.1038/301736b0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Darlix J. L., Spahr P. F. Binding sites of viral protein P19 onto Rous sarcoma virus RNA and possible controls of viral functions. J Mol Biol. 1982 Sep 15;160(2):147–161. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(82)90172-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Dodgson J. B., Engel J. D. The nucleotide sequence of the adult chicken alpha-globin genes. J Biol Chem. 1983 Apr 10;258(7):4623–4629. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Dodgson J. B., McCune K. C., Rusling D. J., Krust A., Engel J. D. Adult chicken alpha-globin genes alpha A and alpha D: no anemic shock alpha-globin exists in domestic chickens. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Oct;78(10):5998–6002. doi: 10.1073/pnas.78.10.5998. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Dodgson J. B., Stadt S. J., Choi O. R., Dolan M., Fischer H. D., Engel J. D. The nucleotide sequence of the embryonic chicken beta-type globin genes. J Biol Chem. 1983 Oct 25;258(20):12685–12692. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Dolan M., Sugarman B. J., Dodgson J. B., Engel J. D. Chromosomal arrangement of the chicken beta-type globin genes. Cell. 1981 Jun;24(3):669–677. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(81)90093-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Engel J. D., Dodgson J. B. Analysis of the closely linked adult chicken alpha-globin genes in recombinant DNAs. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 May;77(5):2596–2600. doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.5.2596. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Engel J. D., Rusling D. J., McCune K. C., Dodgson J. B. Unusual structure of the chicken embryonic alpha-globin gene, pi'. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 Mar;80(5):1392–1396. doi: 10.1073/pnas.80.5.1392. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Erbil C., Niessing J. The primary structure of the duck alpha D-globin gene: an unusual 5' splice junction sequence. EMBO J. 1983;2(8):1339–1343. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1983.tb01589.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Frischauf A. M., Garoff H., Lehrach H. A subcloning strategy for DNA sequence analysis. Nucleic Acids Res. 1980 Dec 11;8(23):5541–5549. doi: 10.1093/nar/8.23.5541. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Gallwitz D. Construction of a yeast actin gene intron deletion mutant that is defective in splicing and leads to the accumulation of precursor RNA in transformed yeast cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Jun;79(11):3493–3497. doi: 10.1073/pnas.79.11.3493. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Gluzman Y. SV40-transformed simian cells support the replication of early SV40 mutants. Cell. 1981 Jan;23(1):175–182. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(81)90282-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. King C. R., Piatigorsky J. Alternative RNA splicing of the murine alpha A-crystallin gene: protein-coding information within an intron. Cell. 1983 Mar;32(3):707–712. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(83)90056-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Lai C. J., Khoury G. Deletion mutants of simian virus 40 defective in biosynthesis of late viral mRNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Jan;76(1):71–75. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.1.71. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Leis J. P., Scheible P., Smith R. E. Correlation of RNA binding affinity of avian oncornavirus p19 proteins with the extent of processing of virus genome RNA in cells. J Virol. 1980 Sep;35(3):722–731. doi: 10.1128/jvi.35.3.722-731.1980. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Montell C., Fisher E. F., Caruthers M. H., Berk A. J. Resolving the functions of overlapping viral genes by site-specific mutagenesis at a mRNA splice site. Nature. 1982 Feb 4;295(5848):380–384. doi: 10.1038/295380a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Mount S. M. A catalogue of splice junction sequences. Nucleic Acids Res. 1982 Jan 22;10(2):459–472. doi: 10.1093/nar/10.2.459. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Orkin S. H., Kazazian H. H., Jr, Antonarakis S. E., Goff S. C., Boehm C. D., Sexton J. P., Waber P. G., Giardina P. J. Linkage of beta-thalassaemia mutations and beta-globin gene polymorphisms with DNA polymorphisms in human beta-globin gene cluster. Nature. 1982 Apr 15;296(5858):627–631. doi: 10.1038/296627a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Seed B. Purification of genomic sequences from bacteriophage libraries by recombination and selection in vivo. Nucleic Acids Res. 1983 Apr 25;11(8):2427–2445. doi: 10.1093/nar/11.8.2427. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Shimotohno K., Temin H. M. Loss of intervening sequences in genomic mouse alpha-globin DNA inserted in an infectious retrovirus vector. Nature. 1982 Sep 16;299(5880):265–268. doi: 10.1038/299265a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Sompayrac L. M., Danna K. J. Efficient infection of monkey cells with DNA of simian virus 40. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Dec;78(12):7575–7578. doi: 10.1073/pnas.78.12.7575. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Sorge J., Hughes S. H. Splicing of intervening sequences introduced into an infectious retroviral vector. J Mol Appl Genet. 1982;1(6):547–559. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Treisman R., Orkin S. H., Maniatis T. Specific transcription and RNA splicing defects in five cloned beta-thalassaemia genes. Nature. 1983 Apr 14;302(5909):591–596. doi: 10.1038/302591a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Treisman R., Proudfoot N. J., Shander M., Maniatis T. A single-base change at a splice site in a beta 0-thalassemic gene causes abnormal RNA splicing. Cell. 1982 Jul;29(3):903–911. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(82)90452-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Weaver R. F., Weissmann C. Mapping of RNA by a modification of the Berk-Sharp procedure: the 5' termini of 15 S beta-globin mRNA precursor and mature 10 s beta-globin mRNA have identical map coordinates. Nucleic Acids Res. 1979 Nov 10;7(5):1175–1193. doi: 10.1093/nar/7.5.1175. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Wieringa B., Meyer F., Reiser J., Weissmann C. Unusual splice sites revealed by mutagenic inactivation of an authentic splice site of the rabbit beta-globin gene. Nature. 1983 Jan 6;301(5895):38–43. doi: 10.1038/301038a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America are provided here courtesy of National Academy of Sciences

RESOURCES