Full Text
The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (47.6 KB).
References
- 1.Isnard Bagnis C., Montcel S.T., Fonfrede M., Jaudon M.C., Thibault V., Carcelain G., et al. Changing electrolyte and acido-basic profile in HIV-infected patients in the HAART era. Nephron Physiol. 2006;103:131–138. doi: 10.1159/000092247. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 2.Rao T.K., Filippone E.J., Nicastri A.D., Landesman S.H., Frank E., Chen C.K., Friedman E.A. Associated focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. N Engl J Med. 1984;310:669–673. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198403153101101. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 3.Perazella M.A., Brown E. Electrolyte and acid-base disorders associated with AIDS: an etiologic review. J Gen Intern Med. 1994;9:232–236. doi: 10.1007/BF02600132. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 4.Peter S.A. Electrolyte disorders and renal dysfunction in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients. J Natl Med Assoc. 1991;83:889–891. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 5.Shankar E.M., Vignesh R., Velu V., Ponmalar E., Sundaram M., Murugavel K.G., et al. Can iron depletion inside macrophages serve to prolong HIV disease progression? Bioscience Hypotheses 200923125–127.10.1016/j.bihy.2009.03.005 [Google Scholar]
- 6.Sundaram M., Mohanakrishnan J., Murugavel K.G., Shankar E.M., Solomon S., Srinivas C.N., et al. Ethnic variation in certain hematological and biochemical reference intervals in a south Indian healthy adult population. Eur J Intern Med. 2007;19:46–50. doi: 10.1016/j.ejim.2007.06.010. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 7.Emem C.P., Arogundade F., Sanusi A., Adelusola K., Wokoma F., Akinsola A. Renal disease in HIV-seropositive patients in Nigeria: an assessment of prevalence, clinical features and risk factors. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2008;23:741–746. doi: 10.1093/ndt/gfm836. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 8.Caramelo C., Bello E., Ruiz E., Rovira A., Gazapo R.M., Alcazar J.M., et al. Hyperkalemia in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus: involvement of a systemic mechanism. Kidney Int. 1999;561:198–205. doi: 10.1046/j.1523-1755.1999.00530.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 9.Sitprija V. Altered fluid, electrolyte and mineral status in tropical disease, with an emphasis on malaria and leptospirosis. Nat Clin Pract Nephrol. 2008;4:91–101. doi: 10.1038/ncpneph0695. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 10.Szczech L.A., Gange S.J., Horst C., Bartlett J.A., Young M., Cohen M.H., et al. Predictors of proteinuria and renal failure among women with HIV infection. Kidney Int. 2002;61(1):195–202. doi: 10.1046/j.1523-1755.2002.00094.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 11.Winston J.A., Klotman M.E., Klotman P.E. HIV-associated nephropathy is a late, not early, manifestation of HIV-1 infection. Kidney Int. 1999;55:1036–1040. doi: 10.1046/j.1523-1755.1999.0550031036.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]