Abstract
Total thiol status of plasma, especially thiol groups over protein contributes maximum to the plasma antioxidant status of the body. Serum protein thiols were found to be decreased in various disease conditions including chronic renal failure patients. Only few studies determined the levels of urinary protein thiols in disease conditions. The current study was designed to know the levels of urinary protein thiols in patients with different grades of proteinuria. The study was conducted on urine of 40 healthy controls and 61 cases with proteinuria. Based on proteinuria cases were further divided into two groups; group I - microproteinuria (150–300 mg protein/d), 32 cases, group II - frank proteinuria (>300 mg protein/d), 29 cases. Urinary thiol levels were determined by spectrophotometric method using dithionitrobenzoic acid. A significant decrease (p<0.01) in urinary thiol in group I and group II cases was observed in present study and this decrease was associated with proteinuria.
Key Words: Urinary thiols, Proteinuria, Chronic renal failure, Diabetic nephropathy
Full Text
The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (92.2 KB).
References
- 1.Himmelfarb J.E., McMonagle E., McManamin Plasma protein thiol oxidation and carbonyl formation in chronic renal failure. Kidney Int. 2000;58:2571–2578. doi: 10.1046/j.1523-1755.2000.00443.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 2.Himmelfarb J.E., McMonagle E. Albumin is the major plasma protein target of oxidant stress in uremia. Kidney Int. 2001;60:358–363. doi: 10.1046/j.1523-1755.2001.00807.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 3.Hu M.L. Measurement of protein thiol groups and glutathione in plasma. In: Parker L., editor. Methods of enzymology. California: Academic press; 1994. pp. 380–385. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 4.Prakash M., Upadhya S., Prabhu R. Protein thiol oxidation and lipid peroxidation in patients with uremia. Scand J Clin Lab Invest. 2004;64:599–604. doi: 10.1080/00365510410002869. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 5.Sezer M.T., Akin H., Demir M., Erturk J., Aydin Z.D., Savik E., Tunc N. The effect of serum albumin level on iron-induced oxidative stress in chronic renal failure patients. J Nephrol. 2007;202:196–203. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 6.Ienaga K., Nakamura K., Fujisawa T., Fukunaga Y., Nihei H., Narita M., et al. Urinary excretion of creatol, an in vivo biomarker of hydroxyl radical, in patients with chronic renal failure. Ren Fail. 2007;293:279–283. doi: 10.1080/08860220701219863. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 7.Ramakrishna V., Jailkhani R. Evaluation of oxidative stress in Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM) patients. Diagn Pathol. 2007;21:22–30. doi: 10.1186/1746-1596-2-22. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 8.Huet O.R., Obata C., Aubron A., Spraul-Davit J., Charpentier C., Laplace T., et al. Plasma-induced endothelial oxidative stress is related to the severity of septic shock. Crit Care Med. 2007;353:821–826. doi: 10.1097/01.CCM.0000257464.79067.AF. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 9.Ellman G.L. Tissue sulfhydryl groups. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1959;82:70–77. doi: 10.1016/0003-9861(59)90090-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]