Figure 1. Table and illustration with techniques used for studying basal autophagy. Complete autophagic flux was studied in both cell types, analyzing each stage of autophagy using various techniques. We observed that G2019S LRRK2 mutant fibroblasts present higher basal autophagy levels than wild-type cells. TEM, transmission electron microscopy; CMFDA, 5-chloromethylfluorescein diacetate; LTR, LysoTracker Red.