Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America logoLink to Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
. 1982 May;79(10):3106–3110. doi: 10.1073/pnas.79.10.3106

Small nuclear RNAs are encoded in the nontranscribed region of ribosomal spacer DNA.

R Reichel, H J Monstein, H W Jansen, L Philipson, B J Benecke
PMCID: PMC346362  PMID: 6179077

Abstract

The structure of in vitro synthesized mouse small nuclear RNA transcribed by RNA polymerase I (snPI RNA) was studied by T1 RNase digestion pattern analysis. The patterns of four different snPI RNA species were different from those of the U1 and U2 RNA species. In addition, the four different snPI RNA species, ranging from 130 to 240 nucleotides in length, yielded almost identical patterns. The snPI RNA molecules hybridized to cloned mouse ribosomal DNA containing the nontranscribed spacer DNA and 45S ribosomal precursor RNA molecules did not compete with this hybridization. Southern blot analysis of fragments from the ribosomal DNA confirmed that snPI RNA species exclusively hybridized to sequences corresponding to the so-called nontranscribed ribosomal spacer region.

Full text

PDF
3106

Images in this article

3107Image
on p.3107
3108Image
on p.3108
3109Image
on p.3109
3109Image
on p.3109

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Arnheim N., Southern E. M. Heterogeneity of the ribosomal genes in mice and men. Cell. 1977 Jun;11(2):363–370. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(77)90053-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Bach R., Grummt I., Allet B. The nucleotide sequence of the initiation region of the ribosomal transcription unit from mouse. Nucleic Acids Res. 1981 Apr 10;9(7):1559–1569. doi: 10.1093/nar/9.7.1559. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Benecke B. J., Penman S. A new class of small nuclear RNA molecules synthesized by a type I RNA polymerase in HeLa cells. Cell. 1977 Dec;12(4):939–946. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(77)90158-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Benecke B. J., Penman S. Large species differences in the pattern of snPI RNA which can distinguish ape from human. J Cell Biol. 1979 Mar;80(3):778–783. doi: 10.1083/jcb.80.3.778. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Choi Y. C., Busch H. Structural analysis of nucleolar precursors of ribosomal ribonucleic acid. Studies on the 5'-terminal and alkali-resistant dinucleotides of nucleolar high molecular weight ribonucleic acid. J Biol Chem. 1970 Apr 25;245(8):1954–1961. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Cory S., Adams J. M. A very large repeating unit of mouse DNA containing the 18S, 28S and 5.8S rRNA genes. Cell. 1977 Aug;11(4):795–805. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(77)90292-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Denhardt D. T. A membrane-filter technique for the detection of complementary DNA. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1966 Jun 13;23(5):641–646. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(66)90447-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Fedoroff N. V., Brown D. D. The nucleotide sequence of oocyte 5S DNA in Xenopus laevis. I. The AT-rich spacer. Cell. 1978 Apr;13(4):701–716. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(78)90220-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Grummt I. Mapping of a mouse ribosomal DNA promoter by in vitro transcription. Nucleic Acids Res. 1981 Nov 25;9(22):6093–6102. doi: 10.1093/nar/9.22.6093. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Grummt I., Soellner C., Scholz I. Characterization of a cloned ribosomal fragment from mouse which contains the 18S coding region and adjacent spacer sequences. Nucleic Acids Res. 1979 Apr;6(4):1351–1369. doi: 10.1093/nar/6.4.1351. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Kominami R., Muramatsu M. Heterogeneity of 5' -termini of nucleolar 45S, 32S and 28S RNA in mouse hepatoma. Nucleic Acids Res. 1977 Jan;4(1):229–240. doi: 10.1093/nar/4.1.229. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Krystal M., Arnheim N. Length heterogeneity in a region of the human ribosomal gene spacer is not accompanied by extensive population polymorphism. J Mol Biol. 1978 Nov 25;126(1):91–104. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(78)90281-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Lerner M. R., Steitz J. A. Antibodies to small nuclear RNAs complexed with proteins are produced by patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Nov;76(11):5495–5499. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.11.5495. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Maxwell I. H., Maxwell F., Hahn W. E. Removal of RNase activity from DNase by affinity chromatography on agarose coupled aminophenylphosphoryl-uridine-2' (3')-phosphate. Nucleic Acids Res. 1977 Jan;4(1):241–246. doi: 10.1093/nar/4.1.241. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Miller K. G., Sollner-Webb B. Transcription of mouse rRNA genes by RNA polymerase I: in vitro and in vivo initiation and processing sites. Cell. 1981 Nov;27(1 Pt 2):165–174. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(81)90370-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Mishima Y., Yamamoto O., Kominami R., Muramatsu M. In vitro transcription of a cloned mouse ribosomal RNA gene. Nucleic Acids Res. 1981 Dec 21;9(24):6773–6785. doi: 10.1093/nar/9.24.6773. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Monstein H. J., Philipson L. The conformation of adenovirus VAI-RNA in solution. Nucleic Acids Res. 1981 Sep 11;9(17):4239–4250. doi: 10.1093/nar/9.17.4239. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Perry R. P. THE CELLULAR SITES OF SYNTHESIS OF RIBOSOMAL AND 4S RNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1962 Dec;48(12):2179–2186. doi: 10.1073/pnas.48.12.2179. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Reddy R., Henning D., Busch H. Nucleotide sequence of nucleolar U3B RNA. J Biol Chem. 1979 Nov 10;254(21):11097–11105. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Reddy R., Ro-Choi T. S., Henning D., Busch H. Primary sequence of U-1 nuclear ribonucleic acid of Novikoff hepatoma ascites cells. J Biol Chem. 1974 Oct 25;249(20):6486–6494. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Rungger D., Achermann H., Crippa M. Transcription of spacer sequences in genes coding for ribosomal RNA in Xenopus cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Aug;76(8):3957–3961. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.8.3957. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Scheer U., Trendelenburg M. F., Franke W. W. Transcription of ribosomal RNA cistrons. Correlation of morphological and biochemical data. Exp Cell Res. 1973 Jul;80(1):175–190. doi: 10.1016/0014-4827(73)90289-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Scheer U., Trendelenburg M. F., Krohne G., Franke W. W. Lengths and patterns of transcriptional units in the amplified nucleoli of oocytes of Xenopus laevis. Chromosoma. 1977 Mar 16;60(2):147–167. doi: 10.1007/BF00288462. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Wellauer P. K., Dawid I. B., Brown D. D., Reeder R. H. The molecular basis for length heterogeneity in ribosomal DNA from Xenopus laevis. J Mol Biol. 1976 Aug 25;105(4):461–486. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(76)90229-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Wellauer P. K., Dawid I. B. Isolation and sequence organization of human ribosomal DNA. J Mol Biol. 1979 Mar 5;128(3):289–303. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(79)90089-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Wellauer P. K., Dawid I. B. Ribosomal DNA in Drosophila melanogaster. II. Heteroduplex mapping of cloned and uncloned rDNA. J Mol Biol. 1978 Dec 25;126(4):769–782. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(78)90019-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Wellauer P. K., Dawid I. B. The structural organization of ribosomal DNA in Drosophila melanogaster. Cell. 1977 Feb;10(2):193–212. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(77)90214-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Wellauer P. K., Reeder R. H., Dawid I. B., Brown D. D. Arrangement of length heterogeneity in repeating units of amplified and chromosomal ribosomal DNA from Xenopus laevis. J Mol Biol. 1976 Aug 25;105(4):487–505. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(76)90230-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Zieve G., Benecke B. J., Penman S. Synthesis of two classes of small RNA species in vivo and in vitro. Biochemistry. 1977 Oct 4;16(20):4520–4525. doi: 10.1021/bi00639a029. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Zieve G., Penman S. Small RNA species of the HeLa cell: metabolism and subcellular localization. Cell. 1976 May;8(1):19–31. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(76)90181-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America are provided here courtesy of National Academy of Sciences

RESOURCES