Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Infection and Immunity logoLink to Infection and Immunity
. 1983 Mar;39(3):1196–1200. doi: 10.1128/iai.39.3.1196-1200.1983

Evaluation of the protective efficacy of Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccines in an animal model.

N A Halsey, T L Johansen, L C Bowman, M P Glode
PMCID: PMC348083  PMID: 6601621

Abstract

The infant rat model for Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) disease was modified to test the protective efficacy of candidate vaccines. The administration of 0.4 micrograms of polyribosylribitol phosphate (PRP) combined with pertussis vaccine or with diphtheria toxoid-tetanus toxoid-pertussis vaccine (DTP) to infant rats at 5, 10, and 15 days of age resulted in significant (P less than 0.001) protection against Hib bacteremia after challenge at 20 days of age. A dose-response effect was demonstrated, and suppression of the protective effect was noted with high doses of PRP. The administration of pertussis vaccine alone or DTP alone did not protect against Hib bacteremia. The degree of protection against Hib bacteremia correlated (P less than 0.005) with the serum anti-PRP antibody response measured before bacterial challenge. High-molecular-weight PRP preparations administered alone or in combination with pertussis vaccine were less effective than standard PRP combined with pertussis vaccine. These data compare favorably with the antibody response in human infants receiving the same vaccines. The observations in this animal model should facilitate the development and testing of other vaccine preparations for human infants.

Full text

PDF
1196

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Artenstein M. S., Gold R., Zimmerly J. G., Wyle F. A., Schneider H., Harkins C. Prevention of meningococcal disease by group C polysaccharide vaccine. N Engl J Med. 1970 Feb 19;282(8):417–420. doi: 10.1056/NEJM197002192820803. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Granoff D. M., Rockwell R. Experimental Haemophilus influenzae type b meningitis: immunological investigation of the infant rat model. Infect Immun. 1978 Jun;20(3):705–713. doi: 10.1128/iai.20.3.705-713.1978. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Halsey N. A., Korock C., Johansen T. L., Glode M. P. Intralitter transmission of haemophilus influenzae type b in infant rats and rifampin eradication of nasopharyngeal colonization. J Infect Dis. 1980 Nov;142(5):739–743. doi: 10.1093/infdis/142.5.739. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. King S. D., Ramlal A., Wynter H., Moodie K., Castle D., Kuo J. S., Barnes L., Williams C. L. Safety and immunogenicity of a new Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine in infants under one year of age. Lancet. 1981 Oct 3;2(8249):705–709. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(81)91045-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Kuo J. S., Monji N., Schwalbe R. S., McCoy D. W. A radioactive antigen-binding assay for the measurement of antibody to Haemophilus influenzae type b capsular polysaccharide. J Immunol Methods. 1981;43(1):35–47. doi: 10.1016/0022-1759(81)90034-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Michaels R. H., Stonebraker F. E., Robbins J. B. Use of antiserum agar for detection of Haemophilus influenzae type b in the pharynx. Pediatr Res. 1975 May;9(5):513–516. doi: 10.1203/00006450-197505000-00010. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Moxon E. R., Anderson P., Smith D. H., Blanca Adrianzen T., Graham G. G., Baker R. S. Antibody responses to a combination vaccine against Haemophilus influenzae type b, diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus. Bull World Health Organ. 1975;52(1):87–90. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Moxon E. R., Smith A. L., Averill D. R., Smith D. H. Haemophilus influenzae meningitis in infant rats after intranasal inoculation. J Infect Dis. 1974 Feb;129(2):154–162. doi: 10.1093/infdis/129.2.154. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Myerowitz R. L., Norden C. W. Further studies on the immunology of the infant rat experimental model of Haemophilus influenzae type B meningitis. Br J Exp Pathol. 1978 Oct;59(5):544–550. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Peltola H., Käyhty H., Sivonen A., Mäkelä H. Haemophilus influenzae type b capsular polysaccharide vaccine in children: a double-blind field study of 100,000 vaccinees 3 months to 5 years of age in Finland. Pediatrics. 1977 Nov;60(5):730–737. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Pincus D. J., Morrison D., Andrews C., Lawrence E., Sell S. H., Wright P. F. Age-related response to two Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccines. J Pediatr. 1982 Feb;100(2):197–201. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(82)80634-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Robbins J. B., Parke J. C., Jr, Schneerson R., Whisnant J. K. Quantitative measurement of "natural" and immunization-induced Haemophilus influenzae type b capsular polysaccharide antibodies. Pediatr Res. 1973 Mar;7(3):103–110. doi: 10.1203/00006450-197303000-00001. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Schneerson R., Barrera O., Sutton A., Robbins J. B. Preparation, characterization, and immunogenicity of Haemophilus influenzae type b polysaccharide-protein conjugates. J Exp Med. 1980 Aug 1;152(2):361–376. doi: 10.1084/jem.152.2.361. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Smith D. H., Peter G., Ingram D. L., Harding A. L., Anderson P. Responses of children immunized with the capsular polysaccharide of Hemophilus influenzae, type b. Pediatrics. 1973 Nov;52(5):637–644. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Speirs R. S., Benson R. W., Roberts D. W. Modification of antibody response to type III pneumopolysaccharide by route of injection of pertussis vaccine. Infect Immun. 1979 Mar;23(3):675–680. doi: 10.1128/iai.23.3.675-680.1979. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Infection and Immunity are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES