Abstract
The vitamin K-dependent protein of bone has been detected in human plasma by radioimmunoassay at 4.5 ng per ml. The plasma protein has the same apparent molecular weight as the pure bone Gla protein (BGP) and other studies indicate the plasma protein is probably the intact bone protein. BGP also has been detected in bovine serum by radioimmunoassay. The bovine serum levels of BGP decrease with developmental age from 200 ng per ml in fetal calves to 26 ng per ml in adult cows. The implications of the discovery of BGP in plasma to the function of this unique protein are discussed. This assay employs rabbit antibody directed against calf BGP and has a sensitivity of 0.1 ng. The antibody crossreacts with purified human BGP but not with BGP from rat or rabbit bone. Studies with peptides of known structure derived from enzymatic digests of BGP indicate that the rabbit antibody recognizes the COOH-terminal region of the 49-residue calf bone protein.
Full text
PDF
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- David G. S., Reisfeld R. A. Protein iodination with solid state lactoperoxidase. Biochemistry. 1974 Feb 26;13(5):1014–1021. doi: 10.1021/bi00702a028. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hauschka P. V., Lian J. B., Gallop P. M. Direct identification of the calcium-binding amino acid, gamma-carboxyglutamate, in mineralized tissue. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1975 Oct;72(10):3925–3929. doi: 10.1073/pnas.72.10.3925. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lian J. B., Skinner M., Glimcher M. J., Gallop P. The presence of gamma-carboxyglutamic acid in the proteins associated with ectopic calcification. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1976 Nov 22;73(2):349–355. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(76)90714-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Luben R. A., Wong G. L., Cohn D. V. Biochemical characterization with parathormone and calcitonin of isolated bone cells: provisional identification of osteoclasts and osteoblasts. Endocrinology. 1976 Aug;99(2):526–534. doi: 10.1210/endo-99-2-526. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Nishimoto S. K., Price P. A. Proof that the gamma-carboxyglutamic acid-containing bone protein is synthesized in calf bone. Comparative synthesis rate and effect of coumadin on synthesis. J Biol Chem. 1979 Jan 25;254(2):437–441. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Poser J. W., Price P. A. A method for decarboxylation of gamma-carboxyglutamic acid in proteins. Properties of the decarboxylated gamma-carboxyglutamic acid protein from calf bone. J Biol Chem. 1979 Jan 25;254(2):431–436. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Price P. A., Otsuka A. A., Poser J. W., Kristaponis J., Raman N. Characterization of a gamma-carboxyglutamic acid-containing protein from bone. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1976 May;73(5):1447–1451. doi: 10.1073/pnas.73.5.1447. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Price P. A., Poser J. W., Raman N. Primary structure of the gamma-carboxyglutamic acid-containing protein from bovine bone. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1976 Oct;73(10):3374–3375. doi: 10.1073/pnas.73.10.3374. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Steiner D. F., Kemmler W., Tager H. S., Peterson J. D. Proteolytic processing in the biosynthesis of insulin and other proteins. Fed Proc. 1974 Oct;33(10):2105–2115. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Suttie J. W., Jackson C. M. Prothrombin structure, activation, and biosynthesis. Physiol Rev. 1977 Jan;57(1):1–70. doi: 10.1152/physrev.1977.57.1.1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Tzehoval E., Segal S., Stabinsky Y., Fridkin M., Spirer Z., Feldman M. Tuftsin (an Ig-associated tetrapeptide) triggers the immunogenic function of macrophages: implications for activation of programmed cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1978 Jul;75(7):3400–3404. doi: 10.1073/pnas.75.7.3400. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Worobec R. B., Wallace J. H., Huggins C. G. Angiotensin-antibody interaction. I. Induction of the antibody response. Immunochemistry. 1972 Mar;9(3):229–238. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]