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(A) Simplified mechanism of PDA formation. (B) Binding of α-thiolethyl-ω-methoxy-PEO and α-aminoethyl-ω-methoxy-PEO chains to PDA-modified Au substrates by Michael addition of nucleophilic terminus of the polymer chain on the unsaturated indole rings, and Schiff base formation reactions between the amine terminus of the polymer chain and catechols. 17 (C) Reference binding through thiolate formation between α-thiolethyl-ω-methoxy-PEO and bare Au surface.
