Skip to main content
PMC home page
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America logoLink to Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
. 1981 Oct;78(10):6461–6465. doi: 10.1073/pnas.78.10.6461

Herpes simplex type 1 DNA in human brain tissue.

N W Fraser, W C Lawrence, Z Wroblewska, D H Gilden, H Koprowski
PMCID: PMC349059  PMID: 6273872

Abstract

Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is known to reside latently in the trigeminal ganglia of man. Reactivation of this virus causes skin lesions and may occasionally infect other tissues, including the brain. To determine whether the brain tissue of humans free of clinical signs of HSV-1 infection contains any trace of HSV-1, we examined the DNA from brain tissue by endonuclease digestion, separation of the fragments by gel electrophoresis, and hybridization with labeled HSV-1 DNA probes. Hybrid bands were detected autoradiographically in experiments using cloned and virion-purified fragments of the HSV-1 genome. HSV-1 DNA sequences were found in 6 of 11 human brain DNA samples tested. In some cases, these bands corresponded to the bands expected for the complete viral genome, whereas others contained bands representing only a part of the genome. In some cases, the terminal fragments could be found, suggesting that the DNA was in a linear, nonintegrated form.

Full text

PDF
6461

Images in this article

6462Image
on p.6462
6463Image
on p.6463
6463Image
on p.6463
6464Image
on p.6464
6465Image
on p.6465

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Aulakh G. S., Albrecht P., Tourtellotte W. W. Search for cytomegalovirus and herpes simplex virus genetic information in multiple sclerosis. Neurology. 1980 May;30(5):530–532. doi: 10.1212/wnl.30.5.530. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Baringer J. R. Recovery of herpes simplex virus from human sacral ganglions. N Engl J Med. 1974 Oct 17;291(16):828–830. doi: 10.1056/NEJM197410172911606. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Bastian F. O., Rabson A. S., Yee C. L., Tralka T. S. Herpesvirus hominis: isolation from human trigeminal ganglion. Science. 1972 Oct 20;178(4058):306–307. doi: 10.1126/science.178.4058.306. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Botchan M., Topp W., Sambrook J. The arrangement of simian virus 40 sequences in the DNA of transformed cells. Cell. 1976 Oct;9(2):269–287. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(76)90118-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Cabrera C. V., Wohlenberg C., Openshaw H., Rey-Mendez M., Puga A., Notkins A. L. Herpes simplex virus DNA sequences in the CNS of latently infected mice. Nature. 1980 Nov 20;288(5788):288–290. doi: 10.1038/288288a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Clewell D. B., Helinski D. R. Supercoiled circular DNA-protein complex in Escherichia coli: purification and induced conversion to an opern circular DNA form. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1969 Apr;62(4):1159–1166. doi: 10.1073/pnas.62.4.1159. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Cook M. L., Stevens J. G. Pathogenesis of herpetic neuritis and ganglionitis in mice: evidence for intra-axonal transport of infection. Infect Immun. 1973 Feb;7(2):272–288. doi: 10.1128/iai.7.2.272-288.1973. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Denhardt D. T. A membrane-filter technique for the detection of complementary DNA. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1966 Jun 13;23(5):641–646. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(66)90447-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Enquist L. W., Madden M. J., Schiop-Stanley P., Vande Woude G. F. Cloning of herpes simplex type 1 DNA fragments in a bacteriophage lambda vector. Science. 1979 Feb 9;203(4380):541–544. doi: 10.1126/science.216076. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. JOHNSON R. T. THE PATHOGENESIS OF HERPES VIRUS ENCEPHALITIS. I. VIRUS PATHWAYS TO THE NERVOUS SYSTEM OF SUCKLING MICE DEMONSTRATED BY FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY STAINING. J Exp Med. 1964 Feb 1;119:343–356. doi: 10.1084/jem.119.2.343. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Jeffreys A. J., Flavell R. A. The rabbit beta-globin gene contains a large large insert in the coding sequence. Cell. 1977 Dec;12(4):1097–1108. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(77)90172-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Kieff E. D., Bachenheimer S. L., Roizman B. Size, composition, and structure of the deoxyribonucleic acid of herpes simplex virus subtypes 1 and 2. J Virol. 1971 Aug;8(2):125–132. doi: 10.1128/jvi.8.2.125-132.1971. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Lampert F., Bahr G. F., Rabson A. S. Herpes simplex virus: dry mass. Science. 1969 Nov 28;166(3909):1163–1165. doi: 10.1126/science.166.3909.1163. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Locker H., Frenkel N. BamI, KpnI, and SalI restriction enzyme maps of the DNAs of herpes simplex virus strains Justin and F: occurrence of heterogeneities in defined regions of the viral DNA. J Virol. 1979 Nov;32(2):429–441. doi: 10.1128/jvi.32.2.429-441.1979. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Maniatis T., Kee S. G., Efstratiadis A., Kafatos F. C. Amplification and characterization of a beta-globin gene synthesized in vitro. Cell. 1976 Jun;8(2):163–182. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(76)90001-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Pellicer A., Wigler M., Axel R., Silverstein S. The transfer and stable integration of the HSV thymidine kinase gene into mouse cells. Cell. 1978 May;14(1):133–141. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(78)90308-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Post L. E., Conley A. J., Mocarski E. S., Roizman B. Cloning of reiterated and nonreiterated herpes simplex virus 1 sequences as BamHI fragments. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Jul;77(7):4201–4205. doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.7.4201. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Rigby P. W., Dieckmann M., Rhodes C., Berg P. Labeling deoxyribonucleic acid to high specific activity in vitro by nick translation with DNA polymerase I. J Mol Biol. 1977 Jun 15;113(1):237–251. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(77)90052-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Sequiera L. W., Jennings L. C., Carrasco L. H., Lord M. A., Curry A., Sutton R. N. Detection of herpes-simplex viral genome in brain tissue. Lancet. 1979 Sep 22;2(8143):609–612. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(79)91667-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Sheldrick P., Berthelot N. Inverted repetitions in the chromosome of herpes simplex virus. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 1975;39(Pt 2):667–678. doi: 10.1101/sqb.1974.039.01.080. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Southern E. M. Detection of specific sequences among DNA fragments separated by gel electrophoresis. J Mol Biol. 1975 Nov 5;98(3):503–517. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(75)80083-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Stevens J. G., Cook M. L. Latent herpes simplex virus in spinal ganglia of mice. Science. 1971 Aug 27;173(3999):843–845. doi: 10.1126/science.173.3999.843. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Stevens J. G., Nesburn A. B., Cook M. L. Latent herpes simplex virus from trigeminal ganglia of rabbits with recurrent eye infection. Nat New Biol. 1972 Feb 16;235(59):216–217. doi: 10.1038/newbio235216a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Wahl G. M., Stern M., Stark G. R. Efficient transfer of large DNA fragments from agarose gels to diazobenzyloxymethyl-paper and rapid hybridization by using dextran sulfate. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Aug;76(8):3683–3687. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.8.3683. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Walboomers J. M., Schegget J. T. A new method for the isolation of herpes simplex virus type 2 DNA. Virology. 1976 Oct 1;74(1):256–258. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(76)90151-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Walz M. A., Yamamoto H., Notkins A. L. Immunological response restricts number of cells in sensory ganglia infected with herpes simplex virus. Nature. 1976 Dec 9;264(5586):554–556. doi: 10.1038/264554a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Warren K. G., Devlin M., Gilden D. H., Wroblewska Z., Brown S. M., Subak-Sharpe J., Koprowski H. Isolation of Herpes simplex virus from human trigeminal ganglia, including ganglia from one patient with multiple sclerosis. Lancet. 1977 Sep 24;2(8039):637–639. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(77)92501-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Wetmur J. G. Hybridization and renaturation kinetics of nucleic acids. Annu Rev Biophys Bioeng. 1976;5:337–361. doi: 10.1146/annurev.bb.05.060176.002005. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America are provided here courtesy of National Academy of Sciences

RESOURCES