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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Oct 9.
Published in final edited form as: Biochemistry. 2012 Sep 25;51(40):7940–7952. doi: 10.1021/bi300893v

Scheme 1.

Scheme 1

A. Mechanism of GCL reaction, including tautomerization/ionization states of thiamin. The possible reactions of a decarboxylase-carboligase with glyoxylate. B. The possible reactions of a decarboxylase-carboligase with pyruvate as sole substrates, acetolactate is produced. With the I393A GCL, in the presence of pyruvate and glyoxylate the mixed product acetylglycolic acid is the expected product.